1882年，中国的第一盏电灯在上海外滩亮起。而今天，从太空俯瞰夜晚的中国，这片土地已化为人间星 河。驱动这一切的，是无比庞大的电力规模。2024年，我国的发电量已接近10万亿度，占世界总量的近 1/3。 一个自电力诞生以来，规模空前的的"电力王国"正悄然形成。那么，如此海量的电力究竟从何而来？它 又是如何穿越千山万水，安全抵达每家每户，点亮生活、驱动经济的？ 全球第一 去年，我国的发电量达到了9.85万亿度，这是个什么概念？这个数字不仅超过了传统工业强国组成的G7 国家总和，更是比美国、印度两国发电量加起来还要多。 当前，中国工业领域消耗的电量，在体量上已与所有OECD成员国工业用电的总和持平。这一巨量规 模，构成了"世界工厂"地位最核心的硬实力，也是驱动经济持续向前的重要依托。 不仅在规模上领先，我国能源结构也在经历深刻变革。2007年，火电占比还停留在3/4的高位；而到了 2024年，占比就降至了44%。此消彼长之间，清洁能源产业迅猛发展，相关发电规模已达14.1亿千瓦， 成为电力产业中挑大梁的新力量。 如今，我国已经形成了"清洁，煤、油、气、核"五路并进的能源格局。非化石的电力设备在总装机中占 比突破了 ...

Strategic Background - Energy security and green transition are dual challenges faced by the industry, necessitating the establishment of a modern energy system as outlined in the "14th Five-Year Plan" [2][11] - China's reliance on imported energy is significant, with oil and natural gas dependency rates at 72% and 45% respectively, highlighting the risks associated with external supply uncertainties [2][3] - The urgency of achieving carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 imposes immediate requirements for energy structure adjustment and green transformation [2][3] Multi-Wheel Drive Strategy - The "multi-wheel drive" strategy leverages the unique advantages of various energy types, positioning coal as the "ballast stone" for energy security, oil and gas as stabilizers, nuclear energy as a base-load power source, and renewable energy as a growth driver [3][4] - This strategy aims to create a resilient and low-carbon energy supply system through the complementary advantages and collaborative innovation of different energy types [3][4] Energy Supply System Development - During the "14th Five-Year" period, China is promoting the coordinated development of coal, oil, gas, nuclear, and renewable energy through technological innovation and industrial upgrades [4][5] - Coal's clean and efficient utilization is emphasized, with initiatives to enhance efficiency and reduce emissions through advanced technologies like ultra-supercritical power generation [4][5] - Oil and gas sector reforms are underway to optimize the market system, enhancing resource allocation efficiency and supply stability [4][5] Future Outlook - Renewable energy will be the primary focus for high-quality development in the energy transition, with significant advancements expected in wind and solar power [8][9] - Traditional energy sources will continue to play a crucial role in ensuring energy security, with efforts to enhance clean utilization technologies and develop unconventional oil and gas resources [9][10] - The integration of energy technology and innovation will drive the intelligent upgrade of the energy system, improving efficiency and flexibility across the energy production, transmission, and consumption chain [10][11]

"十四五"规划将"建设现代能源体系"确立为总体目标，这一目标的提出，是应对当下复杂能源形势 的必然选择，其背后蕴含着多重核心矛盾。 能源安全底线压力首当其冲。2021年全球能源危机犹如一记警钟，清晰暴露出过度依赖进口能源的巨大 风险。当前，我国石油、天然气对外依存度分别高达72%、41%，能源供应的外部不确定性显著增加。 尽管煤炭在一次能源消费总量中占比较高，但传统开采方式弊端尽显，不仅面临资源枯竭的严峻挑战， 还承受着日益严格的环保约束，煤炭产业的可持续发展遭遇瓶颈。 "双碳"目标的倒逼转型同样刻不容缓。作为全球最大的碳排放国，我国积极承担国际责任，郑重承 诺2030年前实现碳达峰、2060年前达成碳中和。这一目标对能源系统提出了明确且紧迫的要求，能源结 构调整与绿色转型迫在眉睫。 能源是工业的"粮食"、国民经济的"命脉"，更是实现碳达峰碳中和目标的"主战场"。"十四五"时期，我 国能源转型进入攻坚期与窗口期叠加的关键阶段：全球能源供应链加速重构，地缘政治冲突加剧供需波 动；国内"双碳"目标倒逼产业变革。面对安全与绿色的双重约束，我国创造性实施"多轮驱动"战略—— 以煤炭清洁化利用筑牢保供底线，通过油气增储 ...