Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided Core Viewpoints - This week, the cracking of Singapore 380 fuel oil strengthened slightly, the monthly spread declined month-on-month, and the basis fluctuated at a low level. The high-low sulfur spread is at a historically low level year-on-year. The cracking of Singapore 0.5 low-sulfur fuel oil weakened, and the monthly spread and basis fluctuated at historically low levels. In terms of inventory, Singapore residual oil was destocked, the high-sulfur floating storage was higher than the historical average for the same period, and the low-sulfur floating storage increased slightly. Fujeirah's heavy inventory increased significantly to 8,520 thousand tons, the high-sulfur floating storage was destocked but still at a historically high level year-on-year. ARA ports were destocked, and the inventory was at a historically low level year-on-year. In terms of logistics, the total arrival of domestic fuel oil remained flat, and the arrival of low-sulfur fuel oil strengthened slightly. Saudi Arabia's shipments declined month-on-month, while the UAE's shipments increased month-on-month. Recently, the weak fundamentals of low-sulfur fuel oil continued, and it is expected to maintain a low-level fluctuation pattern. High-sulfur fuel oil has started to accumulate inventory globally. The cracking of Singapore fuel oil is still supported by purchasing demand, but it faces downward pressure in the medium term due to factors such as Russian sanctions. FU fluctuated mainly and weakened slightly this week [3][4] Summary by Related Catalogs Rotterdam Fuel Oil Data - From October 21 - 27, 2025, for Rotterdam 3.5% HSF O swap M1, the price changed by -1.59; for Rotterdam 0.5% VLS FO swap M1, it changed by -2.85; for Rotterdam HSFO - Brent M1, it changed by 0.66; for Rotterdam 10ppm Gasoil swap M1, it changed by 16.55; for Rotterdam VLSFO - GO M1, it changed by -19.40; for LGO - Brent M1, it changed by 2.23; for Rotterdam VLSFO - HSFO M1, it changed by -1.26 [1] Singapore Fuel Oil Data - From October 21 - 27, 2025, for Singapore 380cst M1, the price changed by -6.64; for Singapore 180cst M1, it changed by -7.64; for Singapore VLSFO M1, it changed by -1.75; for Singapore GO M1, it changed by 0.63; for Singapore 380cst - Brent M1, it changed by 0.01; for Singapore VLSFO - GO M1, it changed by -6.41 [1] Singapore Fuel Oil Spot and Domestic FU Data - From October 21 - 27, 2025, for Singapore FOB 380cst, the price changed by -5.84; for FOB VLSFO, it changed by 1.02; for 380 basis, it changed by 0.45; for high-sulfur internal - external spread, it changed by 0.2; for low-sulfur internal - external spread, it changed by 0.4. For domestic FU 01, it changed by 28; for FU 05, it changed by 31; for FU 09, it changed by 20; for FU 01 - 05 (not fully available), the change situation is not clear; for FU 05 - 09, it changed by 11; for FU 09 - 01, it changed by -8 [2] Domestic LU Data - From October 21 - 27, 2025, for domestic LU 01, the price changed by 33; for LU 05, it changed by 32; for LU 09, it changed by 37; for LU 01 - 05, it changed by 1; for LU 05 - 09, it changed by -5; for LU 09 - 01, it changed by 4 [3]

Report Summary 1) Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2) Core Views of the Report - This week, the high - sulfur cracking of Singapore 380cst fluctuated at a high level. The near - month spread weakened, the basis weakened month - on - month, the EW spread continued to weaken, the high - sulfur in the ARA region strengthened, and the FU internal - external spread fluctuated between 8 - 10 US dollars. The low - sulfur cracking weakened month - on - month but was at a historical low year - on - year. The month spread weakened slightly, the LU internal - external spread fell to 7 - 8 US dollars, and the MF0.5 basis stabilized in the second half of the week [3]. - Fundamentally, Singapore's residue inventory increased and was at a historical high year - on - year. Floating storage inventory stabilized after de - stocking and was at a high level year - on - year. ARA residue inventory increased slightly and was at a low level in the same period of history. EIA residue inventory increased slightly at a low level. Fujairah inventory increased month - on - month and was at a low level year - on - year. Middle - East high - sulfur floating storage inventory increased significantly this week [4]. - Recently, the Singapore high - sulfur spot market weakened. The cracking was supported by raw material procurement, and the short - term downside space was limited. It is expected that the 380 cracking will maintain a fluctuating pattern. The FU internal - external spread will be viewed within a range recently, and the 01 contract is bearish in the end. This week, the LU market was still weak. In the fourth quarter, the overseas low - sulfur market is in a pattern of shorting on rallies, and attention should be paid to the quota usage for internal - external spread [4]. 3) Summary by Related Catalogs Fuel Oil Price Data - **Rotterdam**: From October 16 to 22, 2025, the prices of Rotterdam 3.5% HSF O swap M1 and 0.5% VLS FO swap M1 changed by 7.05 and 4.96 respectively. Other indicators such as Rotterdam HSFO - Brent M1 also had corresponding changes [1]. - **Singapore**: During the same period, the prices of Singapore 380cst M1 and 180cst M1 changed by 4.56 and 4.31 respectively. The Singapore VLSFO M1 price increased by 6.43 [1]. - **Singapore Fuel Oil Spot**: From October 16 to 22, 2025, the FOB 380cst price increased by 3.18, and the FOB VLSFO price increased by 5.63. The 380 basis decreased by 0.46 [2]. - **Domestic FU**: The prices of FU 01, FU 05, and FU 09 increased by 44, 36, and 30 respectively from October 16 to 22, 2025 [2]. - **Domestic LU**: The prices of LU 01, LU 05, and LU 09 increased by 66, 65, and 70 respectively during the same period [3].

Group 1: Report's Core View - Singapore 380cst high - sulfur cracking oscillated this week, the near - month spread oscillated, the basis strengthened slightly, the EW spread rebounded again, and recently had wide - range oscillations. The FU internal and external near - month also oscillated. The low - sulfur cracking rebounded slightly but was at a historically low level compared to the same period. The month spread was weakly sorted. The LU internal and external price rebounded slightly to 8 - 9 US dollars/ton, and the MF0.5 basis oscillated [4]. - Fundamentally, Singapore's residue decreased, floating storage oscillated, ARA residue inventory decreased slightly, EIA residue decreased slightly, Fujairah inventory decreased, and high - sulfur floating storage in the Middle East increased significantly. The high - sulfur peak season in the Middle East has passed. With logistics reshaping and the support of Singapore's high - sulfur marine fuel demand, the EW spread has completed the repair. Recently, refinery feedstock procurement has supported the 380 cracking level, and the short - term downward space is limited. It is expected that the 380 cracking will maintain an oscillating pattern, and the domestic FU will have an oscillating and bullish outlook in the short - term. This week, the LU disk was still weak. The issuance of the third batch of export quotas was in line with expectations, and the external MF0.5 basis oscillated at a low level. In the fourth quarter, the LU internal and external spread can be expanded on dips, and attention should be paid to the quota usage [5]. Group 2: Data Summary Rotterdam Fuel Oil | Type | 2025/09/17 | 2025/09/18 | 2025/09/19 | 2025/09/22 | 2025/09/23 | Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Rotterdam 3.5% HSF O swap M1 | 384.75 | 383.35 | 382.97 | 386.97 | 397.95 | 10.98 | | Rotterdam 0.5% VLS FO swap M1 | 441.33 | 434.21 | 427.48 | 427.29 | 435.42 | 8.13 | | Rotterdam HSFO - Brent M1 | - 6.96 | - 6.64 | - 5.82 | - 4.97 | - 4.64 | 0.33 | | Rotterdam 10ppm Gasoil swap M1 | 679.88 | 677.55 | 668.48 | 664.85 | 681.15 | 16.30 | | Rotterdam VLSFO - G O M1 | - 238.55 | - 243.34 | - 241.00 | - 237.56 | - 245.73 | - 8.17 | | LGO - Brent M1 | 24.97 | 25.18 | 24.80 | 24.40 | 25.56 | 1.16 | | Rotterdam VLSFO - HSFO M1 | 56.58 | 50.86 | 44.51 | 40.32 | 37.47 | - 2.85 | [3] Singapore Fuel Oil | Type | 2025/09/17 | 2025/09/18 | 2025/09/19 | 2025/09/22 | 2025/09/23 | Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Singapore 380cst M1 | 397.55 | 396.06 | 390.12 | 393.02 | 394.24 | 1.22 | | Singapore 180cst M1 | 407.42 | 407.26 | 400.69 | 403.27 | 402.50 | - 0.77 | | Singapore VLSFO M1 | 475.76 | 472.28 | 465.21 | 465.33 | 463.11 | - 2.22 | | Singapore GO M1 | 89.51 | 88.34 | 87.81 | 87.43 | 86.66 | - 0.77 | | Singapore 380cst - Brent M1 | - 5.03 | - 4.97 | - 5.13 | - 4.47 | - 3.74 | 0.73 | | Singapore VLSFO - G O M1 | - 186.61 | - 181.44 | - 184.58 | - 181.65 | - 178.17 | 3.48 | | Singapore Fuel Oil Spot - FOB 380cst | 397.68 | 397.47 | 390.94 | 393.48 | 395.20 | 1.72 | | Singapore Fuel Oil Spot - FOB VLSFO | 477.54 | 472.07 | 464.79 | 463.33 | 461.15 | - 2.18 | | Singapore Fuel Oil Spot - 380 basis | - 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 0.40 | | Singapore Fuel Oil Spot - High - sulfur internal - external spread | 7.6 | 7.5 | - | 6.0 | 9.7 | 3.7 | | Singapore Fuel Oil Spot - Low - sulfur internal - external spread | 9.3 | 9.7 | - | 9.7 | 9.9 | 0.2 | [3][9] Domestic FU | Type | 2025/09/17 | 2025/09/18 | 2025/09/19 | 2025/09/22 | 2025/09/23 | Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | FU 01 | 2831 | 2798 | 2796 | 2784 | 2759 | - 25 | | FU 05 | 2787 | 2754 | 2754 | 2743 | 2718 | - 25 | | FU 09 | 2722 | 2698 | 2699 | 2697 | 2673 | - 24 | | FU 01 - 05 | 44 | 44 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 0 | | FU 05 - 09 | 65 | 56 | 55 | 46 | 45 | - 1 | | FU 09 - 01 | - 109 | - 100 | - 97 | - 87 | - 86 | 1 | [3] Domestic LU | Type | 2025/09/17 | 2025/09/18 | 2025/09/19 | 2025/09/22 | 2025/09/23 | Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | LU 01 | 3432 | 3385 | 3362 | 3351 | 3325 | - 26 | | LU 05 | 3405 | 3368 | 3337 | 3342 | 3302 | - 40 | | LU 09 | 3350 | 3322 | 3308 | 3306 | 3286 | - 20 | | LU 01 - 05 | 27 | 17 | 25 | 9 | 23 | 14 | | LU 05 - 09 | 55 | 46 | 29 | 36 | 16 | - 20 | | LU 09 - 01 | - 82 | - 63 | - 54 | - 45 | - 39 | 6 | [4]