手是进化赋予人类最大的优势之一，它由27块骨骼、29个关节和上百条肌肉、韧带协同构成，既可以完成 捏起一枚绣花针的精细动作，也能承担数十公斤的重物搬运。 当我们期待机器人真正走进人类的日常时，同样离不开一双灵巧的"手"。足让机器人得以行走、跳跃，但只 有双手，才能让它真正操作工具、与环境更好地交互。可以说，灵巧手是人形机器人真正实现落地、服务 于人的"最后一公里"。有数据显示，从长远来看，灵巧手预计占人形机器人全成本比重的20%-30%，仅次于 身体执行，是最重要的硬件之一。 灵巧手最核心的部分在于它的机械和结构设计，可分为 结构形式、驱动方式、传动方式、感知方式和材料 等 多方面。当前，灵巧手行业还未形成统一的技术标准，多家技术路线并存，对于哪一种技术路线更有优 势尚无定论，这种"百家争鸣"的局面，尤其体现在最关键的三大部件上——驱动方式、传动方式和传感器。 数据来源：Shadow Robot官网，Robotics and Computer-integrated Manufacturing，东吴证券研究所 "机器人研发真正的挑战在于硬件设计，尤其是手和前臂的复杂工程难题。" 这句看似简单的判断，却精准道破了 ...

Core Insights - The development of dexterous hands is crucial for humanoid robots, with their engineering complexity potentially accounting for half of the overall robot development effort [1] - The dexterous hand market is experiencing a surge in product launches and funding, indicating a promising industry outlook [1][2] Industry Overview - The dexterous hand sector is currently in its "iPhone era," with significant growth potential as it is expected to account for over 30% of the robot's value [1][2] - As of March 2025, there are over 40 companies in the domestic dexterous hand market, including startups and established leaders like Zhaowei Electromechanical and Hechuan Technology [2] Technological Advancements - Dexterous hands are evaluated based on their degrees of freedom (DoF), with current models achieving over 20 DoF, significantly improving from earlier versions [3] - Tesla's Optimus third-generation dexterous hand has achieved 22 DoF, while domestic products like Dex5 and DexHand021 Pro also feature high DoF configurations [3] Market Trends - The global market for multi-finger dexterous hands is projected to exceed $5 billion by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 64.6% from 2024 to 2030 [5] - Recent funding rounds for companies like Aoyi Technology and Yinshi Robotics indicate strong investor interest in the dexterous hand sector [5][6] Product Development - Companies are focusing on balancing freedom, cost, lifespan, and reliability in their dexterous hand designs, with self-research and partnerships being key strategies [4][7] - The L10 product from Lingxin Dexterous Hand is priced at approximately 19,900 yuan domestically, significantly lower than overseas competitors priced between 60,000 to 100,000 yuan [4] Integration of Hardware and Software - The dexterous hand industry is characterized by competition among various technical solutions, with a focus on integrating hardware components like drive, transmission, and perception systems [7] - Companies are encouraged to pursue a software-hardware integrated approach to enhance competitive advantages, including the development of proprietary databases and dexterous operation models [7] Future Outlook - The industry is at a pivotal moment where dexterous hands must transition from experimental stages to widespread application, with ongoing improvements in both hardware and software [5][8]