Core Insights - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2025 is expected to recognize groundbreaking discoveries in "peripheral immune tolerance," highlighting the development potential of Treg in autoimmune diseases, cancer, and immune rejection [1] - The main challenge in Treg-targeted therapies is selectivity, requiring drugs to accurately differentiate between harmful Tregs in tumors and beneficial Tregs in peripheral tissues [1] Group 1: Treg Therapy Development - Development strategies include enhancing tumor tissue permeability, strengthening ADCC effects, or targeting higher expression markers in tumor-infiltrating Tregs [1] - Several global biotechnology companies are engaged in developing related therapies, with Chinese companies like Cellin Biotech and Binosi Biotech focusing on Treg treatments for diseases such as ALS and rheumatoid arthritis [1] Group 2: Cancer and Autoimmune Disease Treatment - New cancer therapies aim to inhibit Treg activity in tumor regions, allowing the immune system to effectively attack tumors [1] - Autoimmune diseases may be treated by enhancing Treg functionality, while organ transplants could benefit from increased Treg levels to reduce rejection responses [1] Group 3: Biopharmaceutical ETF - The biopharmaceutical ETF (512290) tracks the CS Biomedicine Index (930726), which selects listed companies in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices from the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets [1] - The CS Biomedicine Index reflects the overall performance of listed companies in the biopharmaceutical sector, focusing on companies with strong competitiveness in relevant fields, showcasing industry growth and innovation capabilities [1]