【文/观察者网 熊超然】当地时间12月10日，哈萨克斯坦能源部宣布，在乌克兰无人机袭击里海管道联 盟（CPC）的终端设施后，该国将把部分来自大型油田卡沙甘油田（Kashagan field）的原油转运至中 国。 此前（12月8日），路透社曾援引两名知情人士消息称，由于码头遇袭，哈萨克斯坦计划于12月首次从 卡沙甘油田直接向中国供应5万吨原油。 据报道，来自卡沙甘油田的大部分原油，通常经由里海管道联盟的管道输送至位于俄罗斯黑海港口新罗 西斯克的终端设备（现已受损），然后再进一步转运。 哈萨克斯坦能源部表示，近期乌克兰对里海管道联盟的袭击并未导致石油出口完全中断。"目前，能源 部正与船运公司紧急协调，重新分配石油供应，"该部补充称："同时还采取了措施，将一定数量的卡沙 甘油田原油转运至中国。" 资料图：里海管 据报道，西方石油公司2000年代初期介入后因技术瓶颈相继退出，哈萨克斯坦政府行使优先购买权收回 股份后，于2013年将其中的美方持份转售中石油，中方因此跻身项目股东行列。 路透社援引知情人士透露，这批5万吨原油将通过阿塔苏-阿拉山口输油管道，从卡沙甘油田运往中国。 中石油预计通过该管道向中国输送约3万吨原油 ...

Core Insights - TotalEnergies has formalized its operatorship over Namibia's two largest offshore oil discoveries, Mopane and Venus, through a strategic asset swap with Galp [1][3] Group 1: Transaction Details - TotalEnergies will acquire a 40 percent operated interest in PEL 83, which contains the Mopane discovery, while Galp will receive a 10 percent interest in PEL 56 and a 9.39 percent interest in PEL 91 [2] - TotalEnergies will carry 50 percent of Galp's capital spending for exploration, appraisal, and initial development on PEL 83, with repayment linked to Galp's future cash flow [4] - The agreement does not reflect new resource findings but is a restructuring of ownership aimed at unlocking development synergies [5] Group 2: Strategic Implications - The deal strengthens TotalEnergies' position as the lead developer in Namibia's Orange Basin, controlling both Mopane and Venus, which could form a multi-field producing hub [3][7] - TotalEnergies is on track to progress Venus toward a possible final investment decision in 2026, pending ongoing technical and commercial assessments [6] - The consolidation of operatorship enhances TotalEnergies' ability to design a coordinated development strategy, advancing Namibia toward its first oil production later this decade [7]

巴西石油行业协会发出警告，指出此次合并可能导致油气开发相关成本上升、项目推进延误，还可能促 使运营商被迫签订长期独家合同，挤压市场竞争空间。道达尔能源提交的专项报告显示，合并后的新企 业将掌控全球12艘高性能海底脐带缆、立管与输油管特种作业船中的8艘，即便采取补救措施，也难以 完全消除其带来的市场竞争风险。埃克森美孚与巴西国家石油公司也纷纷呼吁反垄断机构，要么阻止该 笔交易，要么强制要求合并双方剥离部分核心资产。 中化新网讯 近日，巴西多家石油巨头联合发声，反对该国两大油服企业的合并计划，并向本国反垄断 机构施压，要求延缓交易进程或拆分相关业务。据悉，这两家油服企业合并后，将组建成为专注于深海 油气服务的行业巨头，在巴西本身集中度就较高的深海油田服务市场中占据举足轻重的地位。 尽管合并双方预计交易将于2026年底完成，但巴西反垄断机构已向两家公司索要补充材料，同时正与巴 西本土及多个国家的监管机构开展沟通协调。目前，英国已批准该合并交易，巴西的审查结果将成为决 定交易最终走向的关键节点。近年来，全球油服行业整合步伐不断加快，此次事件也再次凸显出石油运 营商对供应链集中化可能引发的风险担忧。 ...

中化新网讯 12月8日，由中国石油管道局工程有限公司承建的东非原油外输管道(EACOP)项目关键标段 ——LOT2标段主线路焊接已完成581公里，完成率达96.5%。这一东非地区重要能源基础设施线路主体 工程全面进入收尾攻坚阶段。 据悉，LOT2标段是全线最长的标段，全长602公里，该标段地形复杂多变，施工面临旱雨季交替、运输 半径长、协调难度大等多重挑战。面对复杂环境，项目团队坚持高标准、高质量建设原则，科学统筹焊 接、检测、防腐、下沟、回填等全流程作业。通过优化施工资源配置，应用焊接质量闭环管理、数字化 施工监控等先进技术手段，并积极推行本地员工能力提升计划，形成了适应东非特点的精细化组织模 式，确保了工程安全、优质、高效推进。截至目前，该标段13条二级河流穿越已全部安全完成，实现了 安全环保"零重大事件"和质量一次成优的目标。 该项目由中国石油管道局工程有限公司作为EPC总承包方负责建设，由道达尔、中国海油、乌干达及坦 桑尼亚政府合资公司共同投资建设，沃利帕森斯集团负责项目管理与监理工作。 ...

Core Insights - Qatar's Energy Minister Al-Kaabi warns of a potential global LNG and natural gas shortage post-2035 due to insufficient investment in energy infrastructure and rising demand from the AI sector [1] - Global LNG demand is projected to increase from 400 million tons to 700 million tons annually over the next decade, while oil prices remain below the $70-80 per barrel range needed for infrastructure investments [1][2] Industry Trends - AI is contributing to 10% to 20% of energy demand in various countries, highlighting the growing influence of technology on energy consumption [2] - The International Energy Agency (IEA) anticipates a record addition of 300 billion cubic meters (bcm) of LNG export capacity by 2030, primarily from the U.S. and Qatar [2] Market Dynamics - The anticipated influx of LNG supply is expected to alleviate tight and volatile global gas markets, potentially lowering prices for gas importers [3] - Contrarily, some experts, including TotalEnergies' CEO, express concerns about an oversupply of LNG in the U.S. due to excessive plant construction [3][4] Company Developments - NextDecade Corp. has made a positive final investment decision for Train 4 at its Rio Grande LNG plant, which will have a capacity of 48 million tonnes per annum (mpta) [4] - The project costs for Train 4 are estimated at $6.7 billion, with financing structured as 40% equity and 60% debt [4] - Venture Global's Plaquemines LNG plant commenced production in December 2024, achieving rapid development with a nameplate capacity of 20 mpta [5]

Core Insights - TotalEnergies and Galp have agreed to swap stakes in three offshore oil licenses in Namibia, enhancing TotalEnergies' position as the operator of the Mopane and Venus discoveries [1][2] - The transaction is expected to be completed in 2026, pending approvals from Namibian authorities and joint venture partners [3] Stake Distribution - TotalEnergies will acquire a 40% operated interest in petroleum exploration license 88 (PEL83), which includes the Mopane oil discovery, and will hold a 35.25% operated interest in PEL56 and a 33.085% operated interest in PEL91 upon closing [3][4] - Galp will obtain a 10% participating interest in PEL56 and a 9.39% participating interest in PEL91 from TotalEnergies, while also holding a 40% interest in PEL83 [2][3] Financial Arrangements - TotalEnergies will carry 50% of Galp's capital expenditures for exploration and appraisal work on the Mopane discovery, which will be reimbursed through 50% of Galp's future cash flows generated by the project [2] Development Plans - TotalEnergies plans to develop the Venus discovery with a floating production, storage, and offloading unit capable of 160,000 barrels per day, aiming for a final investment decision in 2026 [6] - An exploration and appraisal campaign will be launched over the next two years, including three wells, with the first planned for 2026 [5] Strategic Goals - The collaboration aims to create a producing hub in Namibia, achieving synergies that will generate long-term value for Namibia and stakeholders [5] - TotalEnergies' chairman emphasized leveraging the company's operatorship track record to advance profitable and sustainable developments of both Venus and Mopane discoveries [4]

Core Insights - Brazil's oil production exceeded 4 million barrels per day for the first time in October, reaching 4.03 million barrels per day, marking a month-on-month increase of 2.9% and a year-on-year increase of 23% [1][2] Production Data - Natural gas production was 195 million cubic meters per day, with a month-on-month increase of 2% and a year-on-year increase of 23% [3] - Total oil and gas production reached 5.25 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, reflecting a month-on-month increase of 2.7% and a year-on-year increase of 23% [3] - Subsalt oil and gas production accounted for 81.4% of Brazil's total production, totaling 4.28 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, which includes 3.31 million barrels of oil and 153.7 million cubic meters of natural gas [3] Major Producers - The top five producers in Brazil are Petrobras with 3.27 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, followed by Shell (550,872 barrels per day), TotalEnergies (260,240 barrels per day), PPSA (168,308 barrels per day), and CNOOC (159,335 barrels per day) [3] Key Oil Fields - Búzios has become Brazil's largest oil field with a production of 1.124 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, surpassing Tupi's production of 1.023 million barrels per day [3] - Other significant fields include Mero (889,540 barrels per day), Sépia (169,121 barrels per day), and Atapu (153,330 barrels per day) [3] Future Developments - Six new floating production storage and offloading units (FPSOs) are expected to be operational in the coming years, including P-78, P-79, P-80, P-82, P-83, and Búzios 12 [3] - New platforms (P-84 and P-85) will be deployed at Atapu and Sépia, with Petrobras also exploring the deployment of a new platform at Tupi and an additional one at Mero [4] Long-term Projections - The Brazilian Energy Research Company (EPE) forecasts that oil production will peak at 5.3 million barrels per day by 2031, with natural gas production reaching 316 million cubic meters per day in the same year [4]

Mozambican President Daniel Chapo urged TotalEnergies to resume its $20 billion LNG project despite an ongoing audit of the company’s additional cost claims https://t.co/d3qwstXrUL ...

【文/观察者网 阮佳琪】 11月底，俄罗斯新罗西斯克附近的里海管道联盟（CPC）石油码头遭到乌克兰无人艇攻击，这个股东涵 盖俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦及美国企业的能源枢纽受损严重，码头的2号系泊装置（SPM-2）严重损毁，装 船基础设施瘫痪、石油出口被迫中断。 CPC管道承担着哈萨克斯坦80%以上的石油出口任务，输送量占全球供应量的逾1%。哈萨克斯对此坦 强烈抗议，怒斥此举"损害双边关系"，而乌克兰方面则辩称相关行动"仅针对俄罗斯"。 综合中国商务部信息，项目实施单位——北里海运营公司股东包括哈国家油气公司（16.877%）、皇家 壳牌（16.807%）、道达尔（16.807%）、阿吉普（16.807%）、埃克森美孚（16.807%）、中石油 （8.333%）、日本帝石（7.563%）等。 据报道，西方石油公司2000年代初期介入后因技术瓶颈相继退出，哈萨克斯坦政府行使优先购买权收回 股份后，于2013年将其中的美方持份转售中石油，中方因此跻身项目股东行列。 上述知情人士透露称，这批原油将通过阿塔苏-阿拉山口输油管道，从卡沙甘油田运往中国。中石油预 计通过该管道向中国输送约3万吨原油，Inpex的供应量则为2万吨左右 ...

Core Insights - The geopolitical landscape in Iraq is shifting significantly as the U.S. withdraws, allowing Russia and China to increase their influence, particularly in the oil sector [2][5] - Iraq's Oil Ministry has extended exclusive invitations to major U.S. energy firms for the development of the West Qurna 2 oilfield, marking a strategic pivot away from Russian companies [3][8] - The withdrawal of Russian firms like Lukoil from key oil projects in Iraq is seen as a major victory for U.S. and European interests, with implications for regional power dynamics [4][6] Group 1: Geopolitical Context - Iraq is strategically located with vast oil reserves at low extraction costs, making it a focal point for global superpowers [2] - The country is part of the "Shia Crescent of Power," which influences regional politics and security, further attracting the interests of Russia and China [2] - The U.S. aims to weaken Iran's influence in Iraq, which is seen as a proxy for Russia and China, while also using Iraqi Kurdistan for monitoring operations against Iran [5] Group 2: Oil Sector Developments - The U.S. has invited major energy firms to bid for the West Qurna 2 oilfield following Lukoil's exit due to increased sanctions on Russia, indicating a shift in investment dynamics [3][8] - Lukoil's withdrawal from West Qurna 2, which has an estimated 13 billion barrels of recoverable reserves and produces around 460,000-480,000 barrels per day, represents a significant loss for Russia [6][7] - U.S. firms like Chevron and ExxonMobil are positioned to capitalize on the opportunities arising from the changing landscape in Iraq's oil sector [8][9] Group 3: Financial Implications - The exit of Russian firms from Iraq's oil sector is expected to lead to increased financial rewards for U.S. companies, as they take over lucrative contracts previously held by Russian entities [3][9] - The ongoing developments in Iraq's oil sector are crucial for the West, particularly in terms of reducing Russia's ability to fund its activities, including the war in Ukraine [7][8]