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欧盟27国领导人全部到齐,对俄罗斯是战是和,欧洲来到了十字路口
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-06 09:22
丹麦首相梅特·弗雷泽里克森毫不掩饰地表示,当前的局势是自二战以来最危险的,他将矛头直指俄罗 斯,似乎暗示欧洲的安全形势已经达到了非常严峻的程度。 在哥本哈根,欧洲的领导人正紧急讨论欧盟的安全问题。丹麦首都的上空布满了反无人机系统,街头有 数千名警察巡逻,多国军队也参与了维持秩序。这一切,究竟是因为一场普通的欧盟峰会,还是背后隐 藏着更深层次的危机? 欧盟还计划冻结俄罗斯价值2100亿欧元的资产,并以此作为对乌克兰提供贷款的担保。然而,这一做法 是否符合国际法,成为了一个重大争议。欧盟委员会估算,这笔资产将为乌克兰提供约1400亿欧元的贷 款,但比利时和卢森堡对此表示质疑,认为这一做法缺乏法律依据,欧盟内部对此意见不一。 近期,无人机频繁进入波兰、爱沙尼亚和瑞典的领空,这使得哥本哈根机场几次不得不关闭。这些入侵 事件是偶发的个别现象,还是已经成为一个系统性的问题? 丹麦政府指控墨西哥是幕后黑手,甚至怀疑俄罗斯的"影子舰队"油轮被用作移动发射平台。然而,至今 并没有确凿证据支持这一说法。 欧盟将这一系列事件定性为"混合战争",其中包括网络攻击、间谍活动和基础设施破坏等,且这些行为 同步发生。面对这种新型威胁,欧洲 ...
观察|裂痕加剧,德法六代机项目将走向何方?
Yang Shi Wang· 2025-10-03 01:32
据媒体报道,法国达索航空公司首席执行官埃里克·特拉皮耶近日表态说,如果德法之间无法就"未来空战系统"(FCAS)达成合 作,达索有能力独自研发一款新型战斗机,但这取决于法国政府。 德国和西班牙在这一项目上也出现了谈判僵局。据参考消息网报道,面对与德国和西班牙在欧洲未来空中作战系统(FCAS)项目 上的谈判僵局,法国方面9月24日表示已准备好"独立"研发未来战机,这预示着欧洲最大防务合作项目可能面临失败。 由于对法国要求在六代机项目中占据80%的研制份额不满,德国国防部考虑与法国分道扬镳,并研究其他方案,包括与英国、瑞典 和美国合作研发六代机。有分析认为,随着德法西之间围绕欧洲六代机项目的矛盾进一步激化,这一欧洲合作项目正逐渐走向分 裂。 矛盾重重的FCAS 项目将走向何方? 总的来看,FCAS项目的裂痕是德法在国家利益、工业竞争与战略自主梦想之间复杂博弈的集中体现。同时FCAS项目也如同一面镜 子,映照出欧洲防务合作问题在理想与现实之间的巨大鸿沟。 FCAS一度是欧洲防务领域最具雄心的项目之一。2017年7月法国和德国联合宣布将开发FCAS,2019年由西班牙、法国与德国国防 部长签署协议启动。该项目旨在开发 ...
国际观察|与俄罗斯的这道“墙”,欧洲打算怎么建
Xin Hua She· 2025-10-02 06:53
库比柳斯说,该项目优先事项包括加强探测能力,首要步骤是"尽快"部署探测系统。欧盟或将在一年内 显著提升无人机探测能力,但要建立一套覆盖陆地和海洋、能够全面跟踪并摧毁目标的网络,需要更长 时间。 欧洲媒体报道,该项目可能成为冷战结束后"欧洲最重要的集体防御措施",但也面临诸多悬而未决的难 题:其一,项目由北约还是欧盟主导?其二,数十亿欧元的投入由谁来出?其三,欧盟各国空域法规各 不相同,如何协调? 如何推动欧洲防务自主合作? 欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩10月1日表示,欧盟将继续推进建设"无人机墙"以确保成员国安全。 专家和舆论认为,建造"无人机墙"是欧洲在美国对欧安全承诺日益减弱的背景下,加强自身防务建设、 加快防务自主的一次努力。但受制于美欧之间和欧洲内部分歧,"无人机墙"说易行难,这恰恰也折射出 欧洲追求防务自主的多重困境。 "无人机墙"究竟要怎么建? 冯德莱恩10月1日在欧盟领导人哥本哈根非正式会议后的新闻发布会上说,"无人机墙"是一种反无人机 系统,旨在快速发现、拦截并在必要时击落可疑无人机。她表示,在此次会议上,欧委会与欧盟各国已 同意继续推进"无人机墙"建设。在建设过程中,欧盟将充分借鉴乌克兰的经验,并 ...
国际观察丨与俄罗斯的这道“墙”,欧洲打算怎么建
Xin Hua Wang· 2025-10-02 06:41
新华社北京10月2日电 题:与俄罗斯的这道"墙",欧洲打算怎么建 新华社记者田栋栋 刘阳 欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩10月1日表示,欧盟将继续推进建设"无人机墙"以确保成员国安全。 专家和舆论认为,建造"无人机墙"是欧洲在美国对欧安全承诺日益减弱的背景下,加强自身防务建设、 加快防务自主的一次努力。但受制于美欧之间和欧洲内部分歧,"无人机墙"说易行难,这恰恰也折射出 欧洲追求防务自主的多重困境。 "无人机墙"究竟要怎么建? 冯德莱恩10月1日在欧盟领导人哥本哈根非正式会议后的新闻发布会上说,"无人机墙"是一种反无人机 系统,旨在快速发现、拦截并在必要时击落可疑无人机。她表示,在此次会议上,欧委会与欧盟各国已 同意继续推进"无人机墙"建设。在建设过程中,欧盟将充分借鉴乌克兰的经验,并将与北约密切合作。 二是在防务产业层面加强定向投入与联合开发。欧洲各国预计将加快防务产业务实转型,把发展重心转 向对反无人机技术、低成本防御系统等领域投入。 美国《新闻周刊》分析,在美国政府就俄乌问题立场反复并有意减少对欧安全承诺的背景下,"无人机 墙"反映出欧洲防务战略日益转向自力更生的趋势。 在波兰宣称遭无人机"入侵"后,美国总统特 ...
乌克兰强大=欧洲强大?冯德莱恩47亿欧元援乌,但欧盟这笔钱真是白给的吗?
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-08-25 21:52
Group 1 - The European Union (EU) has allocated a significant aid package of €4.7 billion to Ukraine, which is framed as a strategic investment rather than mere charity, with €3.05 billion sourced from frozen Russian assets and €1 billion designated for reconstruction loans [1][2] - The aid has sparked controversy among EU member states, with Hungary condemning the use of frozen assets as "political theft," while Germany and Austria express concerns over potential financial market instability and unforeseen consequences [2][4] - The EU's support for Ukraine is seen as a response to the U.S. signaling a reduced financial commitment, compelling the EU to take on greater responsibility for its own defense and security [4][6] Group 2 - The EU's interest in Ukraine extends beyond humanitarian aid, as it seeks access to Ukraine's rich resources, including fertile land and lithium deposits, and a potential €500 billion market for post-war reconstruction [6][9] - The EU is leveraging the prospect of Ukraine's accession to the EU by encouraging legal reforms, which would facilitate European capital investment and integration into the European system [6][9] - The EU's military support has evolved, with Germany lifting restrictions on Ukraine's use of Western weapons against Russia, indicating a shift from a defensive to an offensive posture in its military strategy [9][10] Group 3 - Despite the financial aid, Ukraine faces significant challenges, including a manpower shortage, with reported military casualties nearing 1.7 million and a recruitment age extended to 65 years [10][12] - The ongoing conflict has led to increased costs for EU reconstruction efforts, with 84% of the €168.9 billion in aid allocated for rigid expenditures by 2025, raising concerns about the sustainability of this funding model [12][13] - The EU's €4.7 billion aid package is characterized as a high-risk, high-reward investment aimed at securing its own safety and strategic dominance in a complex geopolitical landscape [13]
延续欧洲防务制造能力 西班牙首架C295海上监视机下线
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-08-22 10:10
Core Viewpoint - Airbus has announced the delivery of the first C295 Maritime Surveillance Aircraft (MSA) to the Spanish Air Force, which will enter the development and certification testing phase, with the first flight planned for the end of this year [1] Group 1: C295 Development and Features - The C295 is an improved design based on the CN235 aircraft, with over 80% of its components being interchangeable with the CN235 [3] - The C295 features enhanced capabilities compared to the CN235, including a more powerful engine and upgraded avionics, making it suitable for various missions such as tactical transport and maritime surveillance [6] - The C295 MSA is designed for coastal and inland surveillance tasks, including anti-drug operations and border control, and can serve as a command and control center [10] Group 2: Contracts and Orders - In December 2023, the Spanish Ministry of Defense signed a contract worth €1.695 billion for 16 C295 aircraft, including 8 MSA and 8 Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA), with deliveries of the MSA starting in 2026 [7] - The C295 MSA has gained international interest, with countries like Portugal, Chile, Oman, Brazil, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Canada, Ireland, and Angola placing orders [15] Group 3: Cost and Competitive Advantage - The C295 MSA is noted for its lower manufacturing and maintenance costs compared to competitors like Japan's P-1 and Sweden's Saab "Swordfish," which have significantly higher price tags [14] - The C295 MSA's operational flexibility and cost-effectiveness enhance its appeal in the international market, contributing to Europe's defense autonomy and strengthening Airbus's position in the sector [15]
国际观察丨马克龙访德 两细节曝欧洲“法德引擎”的动力与隐忧
Xin Hua She· 2025-07-24 12:09
Group 1 - The core focus of the discussions between French President Macron and German Chancellor Merz includes US-EU tariff negotiations and European security, with an emphasis on solidifying their joint stance and coordinating foreign policy amid external pressures [1][2] - The meeting took place at the historically significant Borsig Villa, symbolizing the importance of Franco-German relations, especially in the context of the challenges posed by the US under the Trump administration [2][3] - Both leaders expressed a commitment to maintaining and developing their friendship as a significant responsibility, highlighting the importance of Franco-German relations for advancing bilateral and European agendas [2] Group 2 - The discussions on tariffs are particularly critical, with both leaders agreeing on a common vision and preparing for potential countermeasures if negotiations with the US fail [2][3] - Despite the positive atmosphere, there are notable divergences between France and Germany on issues such as defense, energy, and regional conflicts, which could hinder their collaboration [4] - The leaders face domestic political pressures that could impact the stability and effectiveness of the Franco-German partnership, with upcoming elections in France adding urgency to their cooperation [5]
【环时深度】因“爸爸梗”被嘲,欧洲防务离不开美国吗?
Huan Qiu Shi Bao· 2025-06-30 22:53
Group 1: Core Insights - The article highlights Europe's significant military dependence on the United States, particularly through NATO, which has led to a loss of strategic and defense autonomy for European nations [1][8][10] - The U.S. provides critical strategic capabilities, operational command, and tactical forces that Europe lacks, making it difficult for European countries to operate independently [3][4][6] - The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has exposed weaknesses in Europe's military capabilities, particularly in ammunition reserves and industrial capacity [4][6] Group 2: Military Dependence - Europe relies heavily on U.S. intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities, with varying degrees of dependence among countries, from Denmark to France [5] - The U.S. maintains a dominant position in Europe's arms market, with European nations purchasing significantly more military equipment from the U.S. than from each other [6][10] - The presence of U.S. military bases across Europe reinforces this dependence, with approximately 84,000 U.S. troops stationed in Europe as of early 2025 [7] Group 3: Challenges to Autonomy - Efforts to achieve military independence in Europe face numerous challenges, including financial constraints and the need for greater unity among European nations [12][13] - The aspiration to create a unified European military force has been historically opposed by the U.S., which has contributed to the stagnation of such initiatives [9][10] - Recent reports indicate that while there is a trend towards increasing procurement from European suppliers, the overall military capability gap remains significant [14] Group 4: Future Plans - European nations are formulating plans to replace U.S. military roles within NATO over the next 5 to 10 years, with discussions involving key countries like the UK, France, and Germany [12][13] - The European Union aims to enhance its defense capabilities through increased investment in the defense industry and joint procurement initiatives [12] - Despite ongoing reliance on U.S. military support, there are signs of improvement in Europe's defense procurement, with a growing trend to favor European suppliers [14]
德国战后首次大规模海外驻军传递什么信号?
Xin Hua Wang· 2025-05-28 11:19
Core Points - Germany has officially deployed a large-scale permanent military presence overseas for the first time since World War II, with the establishment of the 45th Armored Brigade in Lithuania [1][2] - This move is aimed at strengthening NATO's eastern flank and enhancing Germany's role in European security amidst increasing uncertainties in transatlantic relations [1][4] - The deployment is part of Germany's broader strategy to achieve greater defense autonomy in Europe, reflecting a significant shift from its traditional military restraint [5][6] Military Deployment - The 45th Armored Brigade, comprising approximately 5,000 troops, is set to be fully stationed in Lithuania by the end of 2027, with around 4,000 combat troops based near Vilnius [3] - German Chancellor Merz emphasized that this deployment marks a new era for the Bundeswehr, asserting Germany's commitment to NATO collective defense [2] Geopolitical Context - The deployment is seen as a response to the changing stance of the U.S. government regarding military support in Europe, highlighting Germany's realization of the need for independent security measures [4][5] - Analysts view this as a strategic posture to reassure NATO's eastern members, particularly given the vulnerabilities in the Suwalki Corridor, which connects Lithuania to Poland [3][5] Domestic Controversies - There is domestic debate in Germany regarding the significant increase in military spending and the expansion of defense responsibilities, which may pose challenges for the Merz government [6][7] - The recent amendment to the Basic Law allows for increased defense spending, but there are concerns about the implications of increased public debt and the potential backlash from opposition parties [7]
德国拟建“欧洲最强军队”
Ren Min Wang· 2025-05-26 01:12
Core Points - The German government aims to build the Bundeswehr into the strongest conventional army in Europe while revitalizing the economy, which are seen as interconnected goals [3][4] - Chancellor Merz emphasizes the need for Germany to take on more responsibility in NATO and the EU, signaling a strong return of Germany in European security and defense [4][6] - The government plans to provide necessary financial resources to the Bundeswehr, marking a significant shift in Germany's defense policy [4][7] Defense Strategy - The new government has committed to a defense budget of approximately €150 billion over its term, focusing on modernizing military capabilities and infrastructure [8] - Germany is expected to adopt a "high-tech" military approach, enhancing defense mobilization, military industry, and equipment procurement [8] - The government has established a special defense fund of €100 billion to support military modernization efforts [7] Economic Context - Germany faces challenges such as outdated military equipment and organizational inefficiencies, complicating the rapid enhancement of military capabilities [9] - Economic pressures, including inflation and a potential recession, may hinder the government's ability to significantly increase defense spending [9] - The country is projected to experience a tax revenue shortfall of €81.2 billion from 2025 to 2029, with a deficit of over €33 billion anticipated in 2025 [9] Strategic Autonomy - The push for a stronger military presence reflects a broader strategic shift in Europe, as Germany seeks to enhance its role in European defense and security [6][9] - The EU's lack of a unified security decision-making mechanism poses challenges for Germany's defense ambitions [9] - Despite efforts to reduce dependence on the U.S., Germany remains constrained by its military and economic ties to the U.S. [9]