Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Health Weight Management Center Construction Management Specification" marks a significant step in standardizing the construction and management of health weight management centers in China, addressing the growing obesity issue through a structured approach [1][2] Group 1: Background and Importance - China's obesity problem has become increasingly severe, necessitating the establishment of health weight management centers as a new medical model based on evidence-based medicine [1] - The specification provides a replicable and promotable template for obesity prevention and treatment, filling a gap in the domestic obesity prevention and treatment system [1][2] Group 2: Key Features of the Specification - The specification outlines requirements for functional layout, personnel configuration, diagnostic processes, and quality control, ensuring a comprehensive approach to weight management [1] - It introduces the internationally recognized "5A" service model for patient management, which includes initial screening, clinical decision-making, execution, and follow-up [2] - The specification defines the organizational structure, application processes, regulations, and personnel training management for standardized weight management centers [2] Group 3: Implementation and Future Plans - A nationwide tour of interpretative sessions is planned to promote the specification's normative, innovative, and forward-looking aspects, with over 20 offline meetings scheduled from June to December in key provinces and cities [2] - The establishment of health weight management centers is expected to become a crucial front in obesity prevention and control, providing evidence-based methods and scientific procedures for clinical practice [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the urgent need for effective weight management and obesity prevention strategies in China, highlighting the significant health, psychological, and economic burdens associated with obesity [6][7]. Group 1: Obesity Burden in China - In 2020, the overweight rate among adults aged 18 and above in China reached 34.3%, with an obesity rate of 16.4% [9] - By 2021, the number of overweight and obese individuals aged 25 and above had increased to 402 million, making China the country with the highest prevalence globally [9] - Projections indicate that by 2030, the adult overweight and obesity rate could rise to 70.5%, with school-aged children reaching 31.8% and preschool children at 15.6% [9] Group 2: Health Risks Associated with Obesity - Obesity significantly increases the risk of over 200 diseases, including diabetes, stroke, and heart disease, with 90% of obese individuals suffering from at least one comorbidity [12] - The risk of hypertension is 2.5 times higher for overweight individuals and 3.3 times for obese individuals compared to those with normal weight [12] - Obesity also negatively impacts reproductive health and increases the risk of complications during pregnancy [12] Group 3: Psychological and Social Impacts - Individuals with obesity often face social stigma and discrimination, particularly among children, adolescents, and women [13] - There is a strong correlation between obesity and mental health issues such as depression and anxiety [13] - Obesity can lead to decreased quality of life and reduced work productivity [13] Group 4: Economic Burden of Obesity - By 2030, annual medical costs associated with overweight and obesity in China are projected to reach 418 billion RMB, accounting for 22% of national healthcare expenditures [14] - Obesity increases hospitalization rates and healthcare resource consumption, placing additional economic pressure on individuals and families [14] Group 5: Risk Factors for Obesity - Key risk factors for obesity include unhealthy dietary habits, lack of physical activity, and genetic predisposition [15] - For children, significant risk factors include maternal pre-pregnancy weight, short breastfeeding duration, and excessive screen time [15] Group 6: Prevention Strategies - Establishing supportive environments for health, such as community fitness facilities and healthy dining options, is crucial [16] - Public education on the dangers of obesity and healthy weight management should be prioritized [16] - Encouraging regular physical activity and healthy eating habits is essential for obesity prevention [16] Group 7: Treatment and Management of Obesity - Lifestyle interventions, including dietary changes and increased physical activity, are the primary treatment methods for obesity [19] - For individuals with severe obesity or metabolic complications, pharmacological treatments and surgical options may be considered [19] - A multidisciplinary approach involving nutritionists, exercise specialists, and medical professionals is recommended for comprehensive obesity management [19]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of balanced and personalized dietary plans for weight management, particularly for individuals with specific health conditions or dietary needs [1][2][3][4]. Group 1: General Recommendations - The theme of National Nutrition Week highlights the need for balanced diets rather than extreme low-calorie diets [1]. - General weight loss diets should be designed with a variety of food types to meet the nutritional needs of the obese population [1]. Group 2: Special Health Conditions - Individuals with special health conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and kidney diseases, should adjust weight loss diets under the guidance of nutritionists [2]. - Diabetic patients need to control blood sugar levels and may require diets low in carbohydrates [2]. - Those at risk for cardiovascular diseases should strictly limit salt and unhealthy fats, while increasing the intake of leafy vegetables and nuts [2]. - Kidney disease patients should limit protein intake based on their kidney function to reduce strain [2]. Group 3: Specific Dietary Needs - Obese individuals who are vegetarians may need to adjust their diets to ensure adequate protein and iron intake [3]. - Athletes or those engaged in physical labor require sufficient energy and protein in their weight loss diets, which may necessitate personalized meal plans [3]. Group 4: Food Allergies and Intolerances - Individuals with food allergies or intolerances should modify their diets accordingly, such as substituting lactose-free options for those who are lactose intolerant [4]. - During rapid weight loss phases, stricter energy control diets may be appropriate, while those nearing their target weight can gradually increase energy and nutrient intake [4]. - It is advised to consult nutritionists before starting any weight loss plan to ensure it aligns with individual health needs and lifestyles [4].

Core Viewpoint - The Jinan government is promoting a "Healthy Weight Management Year" initiative to combat obesity and related chronic diseases, integrating it into the chronic disease prevention system [3][4]. Group 1: Chronic Disease Context - Chronic respiratory diseases are primarily caused by air pollution and smoking, while cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes risks are significantly associated with overweight and obesity [3]. - The 2025 World Obesity Report indicates that in 2021, chronic diseases resulted in 161 million years of avoidable health loss globally, with 27% attributable to overweight and obesity [3]. Group 2: Implementation Strategies - Jinan's strategy includes integrating healthy weight management with the "Healthy Jinan" chronic disease prevention initiative, ensuring coordinated efforts in addressing both obesity and chronic diseases [3]. - The initiative promotes a supportive social environment for healthy weight management through multi-department collaboration, including the establishment of health-themed parks, walking paths, healthy canteens, and restaurants [3]. Group 3: Monitoring and Evaluation - The coverage of chronic disease comprehensive prevention demonstration areas in Jinan has reached 92%, focusing on health education and awareness to enhance public skills in weight management [4]. - The initiative emphasizes monitoring and evaluation of chronic diseases and risk factors, providing a scientific basis for effective health weight management and chronic disease prevention [4].

Core Insights - The Second China Obesity Prevention and Control Conference was held in Foshan, Guangdong, focusing on the theme "Building Healthy Weight Together, Sharing Healthy China" [1] - The conference gathered over 400 experts and scholars from various sectors, including disease control centers, healthcare institutions, research institutes, and universities, with more than 30,000 health promotion professionals participating online [1] Group 1: Conference Overview - The conference featured a main venue and four sub-venues, addressing scientific and practical issues in obesity prevention and control, including obesity and metabolic disease prevention, healthy lifestyles, childhood obesity, and occupational health management [2] - Keynote speeches were delivered by officials from the National Health Commission and the World Health Organization, discussing topics such as health weight management actions and global obesity prevention progress [2] Group 2: Research and Initiatives - Researchers presented the latest findings on supportive environments for weight management, childhood obesity prevention, health lifestyle management for occupational groups, dietary interventions for obesity and metabolic disorders, and exercise strategies for weight management [3] - The conference launched the "Occupational Health Lifestyle Promotion Action Initiative" and the "2025 Weight Management Insights" white paper, providing academic recommendations and decision-making references for obesity prevention in China [3][8]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of scientific weight management and warns against common misconceptions and ineffective weight loss methods, particularly those that claim to work without diet and exercise [1][3]. Group 1: Misconceptions about Weight Loss - There is currently no health product or medication that can facilitate weight loss without diet and exercise, despite claims made in advertisements [3]. - Rapid weight loss is not necessarily beneficial; excessive dieting can lead to nutritional deficiencies and a decrease in basal metabolic rate, resulting in weight regain once normal eating resumes [6][8]. Group 2: Health Management Initiatives - The National Health Commission has initiated a three-year "Weight Management Year" campaign, integrating health weight management into the Healthy China initiative [1]. - Public hospitals are encouraged to establish health weight management clinics to provide comprehensive services for overweight and obese individuals [7]. Group 3: Multidisciplinary Approaches - Hospitals are increasingly adopting multidisciplinary approaches to weight management, integrating various specialties to create personalized treatment plans for patients with obesity-related conditions [11][13]. - A specialized alliance for weight management has been established in Sichuan to enhance the capabilities of grassroots hospitals in obesity prevention and treatment [15][17].

Group 1 - The core initiative is the "Healthy Weight Management Year" campaign launched by Beijing's Health Commission to guide the public in better weight management and healthy living [1][2] - As of now, there are 119 secondary and tertiary medical institutions providing weight management services in Beijing, accounting for 44.91% of the total, and 76 grassroots health service centers, making up 21% [1][2] - The campaign involves collaboration among multiple departments, including the Education Commission and Sports Bureau, to promote health weight management across all demographics [1][3] Group 2 - A health science popularization expert database has been established with over 100 experts from various fields to educate the public on weight management [2] - The city aims to enhance the scientific, professional, and precise levels of health weight management by integrating resources from various medical specialties [2] - This year, an additional 31 secondary and tertiary medical institutions and 97 community health service centers will add weight management services to meet public demand [2] Group 3 - Beijing is promoting traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in weight management by establishing a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment platform for obesity [3] - The city has initiated the construction of community TCM symptom clinics, with 13 clinics already established to provide localized support [3] - Future plans include further training of 100 clinical professionals in non-pharmaceutical TCM weight management interventions and enhancing community health services [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding health weight management beyond just weight loss, focusing on body composition and the role of exercise in improving overall health [4][5][7]. Group 1: Misconceptions about Weight Management - Misconception 1: Healthy weight management is solely about losing weight. It should focus on improving body composition, including reducing excess fat while increasing muscle mass [4]. - Misconception 2: The role of exercise is limited to energy expenditure. Exercise is crucial for increasing overall energy consumption, which is essential in combating obesity [5][7]. - Misconception 3: Intensity of exercise is the only factor that matters. Effective exercise requires a personalized approach, similar to a medical prescription, considering type, intensity, frequency, and duration [8]. Group 2: Exercise Guidelines - Exercise Frequency: It is recommended to engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, spread over 3 to 5 days [11]. - Exercise Intensity: The effectiveness and safety of exercise can be measured through various methods, including heart rate and perceived exertion [13]. - Exercise Duration: Aerobic exercise should last at least 30 minutes per session, while resistance training duration depends on the content and intensity, generally ranging from 30 to 60 minutes [15]. - Exercise Types: A comprehensive exercise prescription should include aerobic, resistance, and flexibility training [17]. - Exercise Volume: The volume of exercise is a combination of intensity, duration, and frequency, which should be adjusted based on individual health status and goals [19].