Summary of ASP Isotopes (ASPI) Conference Call - July 17, 2025 Company Overview - **Company Name**: ASP Isotopes Inc. (ASPI) - **Industry**: Advanced materials, specifically isotope production for medical, semiconductor, and nuclear energy sectors - **Stock Exchange**: NASDAQ Key Points and Arguments Business Structure and Operations - ASP Isotopes operates three verticals: ASP Isotopes, PET Labs, and Quantum Leap Energy [3][4] - **ASP Isotopes**: Focuses on isotope production with three manufacturing facilities in South Africa, currently starting up [3] - **PET Labs**: Leading supplier of fluorinated PET isotopes in South Africa, generating approximately $4 million in annual revenue with a 7% gross margin [4] - **Quantum Leap Energy**: Focuses on nuclear fuels, specifically lithium-six and HALEU, with plans to spin out this segment by October 2025 [5] Acquisition and Financials - ASP Isotopes is acquiring ReneGen, a South African helium producer, which has secured $530 million in committed capital and access to low-cost energy [6][8] - The acquisition aims to create synergies between helium and isotope production, potentially lowering cash production costs by 94% [9] - ASP Isotopes targets over $300 million in EBITDA by 2030 post-spinout of Quantum Leap Energy [10] Market Dynamics - The global isotope production is heavily dominated by Russia, with a lack of domestic production in the U.S. [11] - Helium supply is fragile, with 80% sourced from three countries, leading to price volatility and shortages [12] - The company sees significant growth opportunities in medical isotopes, particularly for cancer treatment, and semiconductor applications [16][25] Technological Advancements - ASP Isotopes employs two main technologies: ASP process and quantum enrichment process, which are more cost-effective and modular compared to traditional methods [15] - The company is focusing on producing isotopes like Uterbium-176 and Zinc-68, which are critical for new oncology drugs and diagnostic markers [18][21] Future Plans and Challenges - Plans to construct additional plants for Gadolinium-160, Zinc-68, and Nickel-64 in South Africa, with quick build times of 2-3 months [43] - A larger ASP plant is planned for Iceland, with a focus on high return on capital projects [44] - The company has faced operational challenges during plant startups but has successfully overcome them [36][38] Government Relations and Funding - ASP Isotopes is in discussions with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for potential funding and support, emphasizing the strategic importance of their operations [50][51] - The company is optimistic about the current U.S. administration's support for bringing their facilities to the U.S. [55] Competitive Landscape - ASP Isotopes does not currently view Hexium as a significant competitor, citing their lack of isotope production capabilities [70] - The company believes its quantum enrichment technology offers a competitive advantage over traditional methods [71] Additional Important Information - The company has a strong relationship with the South African government, facilitating operations and regulatory approvals [7] - ASP Isotopes has a robust balance sheet, with $56 million in cash and additional equity raised to fund high-return projects [46] - The company is exploring partnerships for uranium enrichment facilities in the U.S. and U.K. to expedite market entry [48] This summary encapsulates the key insights from the ASP Isotopes conference call, highlighting the company's strategic direction, market opportunities, and operational challenges.

Core Viewpoint - ASML's stock fell approximately 11% after its Q2 2025 earnings report due to a cautious outlook for 2026, despite reporting strong quarterly results [1] Financial Performance - Q2 revenue was 7.7 billion euros ($8.9 billion), at the upper end of guidance, with net income of 2.3 billion euros ($2.67 billion) [1] - Q3 revenue is projected between 7.4 to 7.9 billion euros, slightly below expectations, with a gross margin forecasted around 52%, narrowed from a previous range of 51% to 53% [1] Market Context - The semiconductor market remains strong, as evidenced by TSMC's robust quarterly results and a raised 2025 sales growth forecast of 30% in dollar terms [1] - ASML's cautious outlook contrasts with the broader industry trends, indicating specific challenges faced by the company [1] Product and Technology - ASML is the largest supplier of photolithography machines, particularly extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography machines, essential for producing advanced chips at process nodes of 5 nanometers and below [5] - The demand for ASML's products has increased due to the integration of semiconductor chips in various sectors, especially driven by the AI boom [6] Order Book and Market Position - ASML reported net bookings of 5.5 billion euros ($6.4 billion), exceeding forecasts by about 25%, and has a record order backlog of 33 billion euros ($38 billion) [6] - The company has a lead time of 12 to 18 months for orders, reflecting customer confidence extending into 2026 [6] Valuation - ASML's stock trades at 27 times estimated FY2025 earnings, which is considered reasonable given the projected revenue growth of about 14% this year [6]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is In-Line [7] Core Insights - Robust spending in China is expected to lift WFE (Wafer Fabrication Equipment) estimates, with government subsidies being a primary driver rather than immediate market demand [3][10] - AI-driven demand is strong but faces bottlenecks in back-end test capacity, while the current annual capex of TSMC is around $40 billion, which may sustain AI growth without significant increases in demand from smartphones and PCs [4] - The EDA (Electronic Design Automation) market remains resilient despite proposed export restrictions to China, with potential for EDA companies to resume some licensing deals [5][10] Summary by Sections WFE Equipment - China is aggressively expanding its semiconductor capacity, suggesting upside to FY25 revenue views for ASML and ASM, with China representing a mid-20s percentage of revenue [3] - WFE growth may moderate in the medium term due to bottlenecks in back-end test capacity, while litho intensity is expected to hit an asymptote in the next decade [4][10] EDA & IP - The EDA market is resilient despite export restrictions, with a wide range of potential outcomes regarding China and AI [5][10] - Local Chinese EDA solutions are perceived as limited in competitive threat due to incomplete tool-chains for advanced nodes [11] Power Segment - Power semiconductors are a clear growth area, but adoption of new technologies may remain niche due to cost and infrastructure readiness [12] - Infineon is recognized for its leadership and cautious market strategies, while Chinese firms are aggressively developing high-voltage solutions [12] Notable Highlights - Intel's transformation remains uncertain with significant execution risks under new leadership, while the PC and smartphone markets are subdued [13] - Memory markets are expected to strengthen in the second half of 2025, driven by AI and edge applications [13]

Core Insights - The technology sector, particularly artificial intelligence, has seen significant rallies, but investors should look for the next wave of innovation beyond AI [1] - Quantum computing is emerging as a promising area of growth, alongside artificial intelligence and nuclear energy [2][3] Quantum Computing - Quantum computing is closely related to artificial intelligence and is quietly being adopted, presenting potential investment opportunities in companies like Rigetti Computing Inc. and Quantum Computing Inc. [3] - Moore's law suggests that computing power will double every two years, indicating a roadmap for investors to explore new ideas [4] - The semiconductor industry is reaching a plateau in computing power, making quantum computing a viable alternative for maintaining efficiency and power [5] Rigetti Computing - Institutional investors, such as the Vanguard Group, increased their stake in Rigetti Computing by 20.7%, totaling $112.3 million, which grants them stewardship status [7] - Rigetti Computing's current stock price is $10.79, with a price target of $14.00, indicating a potential upside [8][9] - The company has a market capitalization of $3.2 billion, suggesting significant growth potential as it gains attention from Wall Street [10] - Analysts rate Rigetti Computing as a Buy, with a potential valuation of up to $15 per share, implying a possible rally of 36.3% [11][12] Quantum Computing Inc. - Quantum Computing Inc. has shown a transition from a net loss of $0.47 per share to net earnings of $0.13 per share within three months, indicating strong growth potential [14] - The stock has experienced a 12-month rally of up to 3,183%, with a market cap of $2.8 billion, suggesting further upside potential [15] - The company is positioned to capitalize on the growth of quantum computing, which could lead to significant market valuation increases in the future [16]

Summary of Sandisk (SNDK) 2025 Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Sandisk Corporation - **Industry**: Flash semiconductor storage and advanced memory - **Global Presence**: Operations in the U.S. and Asia with nearly 10,000 employees worldwide [2][2] Key Insights on the NAND Industry - **Market Size**: The NAND industry is currently valued at $65 billion and is projected to reach $100 billion by the end of the decade [6][6] - **Growth Rate**: The growth rate is expected to stabilize in the mid-teens, which is considered strong given the market size [7][7] - **R&D and Innovation**: Sandisk has a robust roadmap for NAND technology, ensuring ongoing innovation and supply capabilities [8][8] Customer Base and Market Dynamics - **Customer Profile**: Sandisk serves a diverse range of customers, from individual consumers to major technology companies [9][9] - **Brand Strength**: The Sandisk brand is recognized globally for reliability and performance [10][10] - **Changing Management Dynamics**: The management of the NAND business is evolving, focusing on matching supply with demand rather than solely driving cost reductions [41][41] AI and Data Center Market - **AI Demand**: There is a growing demand for NAND in AI model training and inference, which is expected to drive significant growth in the data center market [17][17] - **Enterprise SSD Market**: The market is bifurcating into high-performance SSDs and high-capacity SSDs, with new products being developed to meet these needs [19][19][19] - **High Bandwidth Flash**: Sandisk is exploring the use of high bandwidth flash to support AI workloads, which could provide better cost and scaling dynamics [24][24][25][25] Product Development and Future Outlook - **Stargate Product**: A new product aimed at the enterprise SSD market is in development, expected to enhance performance and capacity [19][19][82][82] - **3D Matrix Memory**: Sandisk is working on a new memory technology that promises significant capacity expansion at lower costs, with a pilot line already operational [63][63][64][64] - **Market Positioning**: Sandisk aims to increase its share in the data center market, which is currently underrepresented in its portfolio [75][75][79][79] Financial Dynamics and Management Strategy - **Profitability Focus**: The company is shifting its strategy to ensure profitability through better supply-demand matching rather than relying solely on new node introductions [46][46][55][55] - **Underutilization Strategy**: Sandisk is adopting an underutilization strategy to maintain profitability during market downturns [47][47][55][55] Conclusion - **Long-term Growth**: Sandisk is optimistic about its future growth prospects, driven by innovation in NAND technology and the increasing demand from AI and data center markets [27][27][54][54]

Summary of J.P. Morgan's Global Memory Market Conference Call Industry Overview - The report focuses on the **DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)** market, analyzing its historical dynamics, current trends, and future prospects [1][12]. - The DRAM market has grown significantly over the past 50 years, accounting for **10-20%** of the total semiconductor market, with memory (including DRAM and NAND) comprising **20-30%** of the semiconductor market [13]. Key Insights Long-term DRAM Dynamics - **Demand Growth**: DRAM bit demand growth is decelerating due to maturing end-applications, but the total addressable market (TAM) growth has accelerated, achieving a **double-digit percentage (DD%)** growth rate, particularly driven by High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) [1][8]. - **ASP Trends**: Achieving higher average selling price (ASP) per bit is becoming critical as DRAM manufacturers face physical limitations on scaling memory density. The DRAM bit per wafer has plateaued at approximately **5K GB/wafer** [1][23]. - **Future Projections**: The DRAM TAM is expected to sustain a robust **14% CAGR** through **2030E**, with AI applications projected to increase from **22%** of DRAM in **2024** to **64%** by **2030** [8][44]. Competitive Landscape - **China's Participation**: CXMT, China's leading DRAM supplier, is transitioning from DDR4/LPDDR4 to high-end DRAM products like DDR5/LPDDR5. This shift indicates CXMT's ambition to compete with major memory manufacturers, although it faces significant technological challenges [8][39]. - **Market Consolidation**: The DRAM industry has consolidated from over **20 players** in the 1990s to three major players today, indicating a highly competitive environment [21]. Capital Expenditure and Technology - **Capital Intensity**: The memory industry is capital-intensive, with DRAM capital intensity reaching over **60%** during downcycles. Future capital expenditures are expected to focus more on back-end processes and R&D due to scaling challenges [10]. - **Technological Innovations**: The next inflection point in DRAM technology is anticipated to be **4F²/3D DRAM**, which aims to improve memory density by approximately **30%** [10]. Market Implications - **Investment Thesis**: The memory investment landscape is shifting, with company-specific drivers becoming more significant. SK Hynix (SKH) is highlighted as a preferred investment pick due to its strong positioning in AI memory solutions [10]. - **Pricing Dynamics**: The ASP for non-HBM applications is projected to decline at a rate of **-6% CAGR** over the next five years, while HBM ASPs are expected to increase due to rising demand [46]. Additional Considerations - **Supply-Demand Tightness**: The report anticipates continued supply-demand tightness in the DRAM market, particularly as HBM capacity grows and non-HBM applications also require significant memory resources [50]. - **Regulatory Environment**: The U.S. government's restrictions on Chinese memory makers may tighten, impacting the competitive landscape and technological advancements in the DRAM sector [39]. This summary encapsulates the critical insights and projections regarding the DRAM market as discussed in the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview for potential investors and stakeholders in the semiconductor industry.

Investor Deck I May 2025 1 © 2025 Adeia | All rights reserved. Safe Harbor This presentation contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements are based on information available to the Company as of the date hereof, as well as the Company's current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections that ...

ASML 2024 Investor Day Summary Company Overview - **Company**: ASML - **Event**: 2024 Investor Day - **Date**: November 14, 2024 - **Location**: Veldhoven, Netherlands Key Industry Insights - The semiconductor industry is projected to remain strong, with a market size of €1 trillion in 2022 and expected to maintain this size in 2024, but with a shift towards advanced logic and DRAM due to AI advancements [14][15] - AI is expected to significantly boost the semiconductor industry, with approximately 40% of the semiconductor business projected to revolve around AI by 2030 [32][33] - The industry requires major innovations to improve cost and energy consumption, particularly in logic and DRAM sectors [20][21] Technology and Product Developments - ASML emphasizes the importance of lithography in driving down costs and energy consumption, asserting that it will remain central to innovation in the semiconductor industry [22] - The company is focusing on EUV (Extreme Ultraviolet) technology, which is maturing and will be scalable for many years, providing customers with cost and energy efficiency [23][24] - Holistic lithography is highlighted as a key solution for improving product quality, flexibility, and time to market [17][18] - ASML plans to reduce the cost of EUV exposure by 30% by 2030 while also cutting emissions by 50% [60][62] Market Trends and Customer Focus - The demand for computing power is accelerating, particularly driven by AI, with a projected increase of 16 times every two years, compared to Moore's Law [40][41] - DRAM is identified as a bottleneck for AI, leading to a shift towards high bandwidth memory (HBM) and potential processing in memory architectures [51][52] - ASML's installed base is growing, leading to increased opportunities for service and upgrades, which are becoming a larger part of the business [26] ESG Commitments - ASML is committed to achieving greenhouse gas neutrality for scope 1 and scope 2 emissions by 2025 and is on track to meet this goal [104] Financial Outlook - The semiconductor industry is expected to remain profitable, with an EBIT of €865 billion in 2023, despite being a downturn year [35][36] - More than €500 billion is projected to be spent on R&D in 2024 to foster innovation within the industry [37] Conclusion - ASML is optimistic about the future, with a strong focus on innovation, customer partnerships, and sustainability initiatives, positioning itself to capitalize on the evolving semiconductor landscape driven by AI and advanced technologies [19][27]