Core Viewpoint - The article highlights a historical photograph from 1944 featuring members of the Eighth Route Army, emphasizing the personal and familial sacrifices made during the war, symbolized by the "family tree" that represents both home and nation [1][2]. Group 1 - The photograph captures a moment of unity among family members who served in the Eighth Route Army, showcasing their collective commitment to the anti-Japanese war effort [1]. - Wang Zhengnan, a key figure in the photograph, transitioned from a Nationalist officer to a leader in the Eighth Route Army, illustrating the personal journey of many who fought for their country [1]. - The photograph serves as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made during dark times, with the family embodying the spirit of resilience and hope for a better future [2]. Group 2 - The "jujube tree" in the photograph symbolizes the connection between family and nation, reinforcing the idea that home is the soul of the country, and the country is the root of the home [2]. - The act of preserving and donating the photograph to the China Anti-Japanese War Memorial Museum signifies the importance of remembering and honoring the sacrifices of past generations [1].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the significance of historical context in this year's national college entrance examination essay topic, which draws from wartime literature, particularly focusing on the experiences of Wuhan during the Second Sino-Japanese War [1][3][4] - The essay materials include excerpts from works by Lao She, Ai Qing, and Mu Dan, all of which reflect the struggles faced during the war, highlighting Wuhan's role as a cultural and historical center during that period [3][4] - The examination coincides with the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, making the topic particularly relevant and meaningful for students [4][8] Group 2 - Wuhan was a significant site during the war, serving as a temporary capital and a hub for cultural figures who contributed to the war effort through literature and art [4][8] - The historical context provided in the essay materials serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by the people of Wuhan and the broader implications of their struggles during the war [6][8] - Educators and historians emphasize the importance of understanding this history, encouraging students to engage with local museums and historical sites to deepen their appreciation of Wuhan's past [4][8]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Jiao Kemin, a 98-year-old veteran who played a crucial role as a cipher officer during the Anti-Japanese War, emphasizing the importance of his work in intelligence and communication for military success [2][4][6]. Group 1: Historical Context - Jiao Kemin was born in 1927 in Hebei and became involved in revolutionary activities at the age of 17, joining the Eighth Route Army and later working in a military school [2][3]. - The Jizhong Military Region, where Jiao served, was vital for anti-Japanese activities in central Hebei, employing guerrilla tactics to counter Japanese forces [4][6]. Group 2: Role and Responsibilities - As a cipher officer, Jiao was responsible for translating encrypted messages and ensuring the timely delivery of intelligence, which was critical for military operations [4][5]. - The work environment was perilous, with Jiao often facing the threat of enemy attacks while safeguarding sensitive information, highlighting the high stakes involved in his role [5][6]. Group 3: Personal Reflections and Legacy - Jiao reflects on the sacrifices of his comrades, many of whom were young and did not survive the war, expressing a deep sense of responsibility to remember and honor their contributions [6][8]. - He emphasizes the importance of teaching future generations about history and the significance of military service, instilling values of patriotism and dedication [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the importance of preserving and passing on the memories and experiences of war veterans, specifically focusing on the life and stories of 97-year-old veteran Kong Xiande, who shares his experiences with young students to instill a sense of history and patriotism [4][10]. Group 1: Personal Background and Experiences - Kong Xiande, a 97-year-old veteran from Shandong, became a soldier at the age of 16 due to famine and the invasion of Japanese forces, which led to the death of his family members [5][6]. - He served in the Eighth Route Army and participated in significant battles, including the ambush at Gezhuang, where his unit successfully defeated a larger enemy force [5][6]. Group 2: War Stories and Impact - Kong recounted the brutal realities of war, including a harrowing battle at Wujiacuo, where he was injured and left with a disability [6][7]. - He described the emotional toll of witnessing the loss of many comrades during intense combat, emphasizing the harshness of warfare [7][8]. Group 3: Legacy and Education - Kong emphasizes the importance of sharing war stories with younger generations to ensure the legacy of the past is not forgotten [4][10]. - The interaction with students, where they listen to his stories and present him with gifts, symbolizes the connection between history and the present, fostering a sense of respect and understanding among the youth [8][9].