8月7日，法国友人马库斯和好友士杰、钟灏松参观了位于哈尔滨市平房区的侵华日军第七三一部队罪证陈列馆，三人全程神情凝重。 马库斯表示无法接受他所看到的一切："我们一直认为科学家应该是治愈世界的人，可他们多年研究的结果却是去从事犯罪行为、杀害他人，这真的让人无 比悲伤和厌恶，每一个对这件事（七三一部队暴行）一无所知的西方人都应该有一些羞耻感，我为他们感到羞耻。" "在中国每个人都知道，世界其他地方需要了解，这就是我们曾试图打开的那扇门，我们也学到了很多新知识，而日本军队所犯下的暴行远远超出了我们的 想象。" 参观完毕后，马库斯和士杰、钟灏松一起用中文、英文、法文在留言板上写下了"和平与正义"。 经鉴定，照片均为明胶银盐黑白相纸，洗印于20世纪30至50年代。其中关于淞沪会战的照片数量庞大、视角多元，已被上海淞沪抗战纪念馆永久收藏。照片 充分展现了中国为世界反法西斯战争胜利付出的巨大民族牺牲，对进一步推动中国人民抗日战争及世界反法西斯战争的研究具有史料价值。 （总台记者 王海樵 张耿生 穆冠豪） 责编：黄之安、王珊宁 参观侵华日军第七三一部队罪证陈列馆是马库斯一行在中国的第一站，接下来他们还将到北京、南京、杭州、上 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the historical significance of the surrender ceremony of Japanese troops in China, which took place in Zhi Jiang on August 21, 1945, marking a pivotal moment in the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan and the broader context of World War II [1][6][13]. Historical Significance - The Zhi Jiang surrender ceremony is recognized as the first formal surrender of Japanese forces in China, symbolizing a major victory for the Chinese people and their contribution to the global anti-fascist war [13][14]. - The ceremony lasted from August 21 to 23, 1945, confirming the terms of surrender for Japanese troops and setting the stage for subsequent surrender events across China [13][14]. Cultural Heritage - The Zhi Jiang Anti-Japanese War Victory Surrender Memorial Hall and the Zhi Jiang Surrender Memorial Arch are significant cultural landmarks, with the latter being the only one of its kind in China dedicated to commemorating the victory in the anti-Japanese war [3][17]. - The memorial hall has become a focal point for tourism, attracting over 100,000 visitors during the recent May Day holiday, indicating a growing interest in historical and cultural tourism in the region [17][19]. Economic Development - The Zhi Jiang area has seen economic revitalization, with the local airport transitioning to civilian use and the establishment of various industries, including a washing factory and electronic manufacturing, contributing to local employment and economic growth [15][17]. - The local government is actively promoting the development of red tourism, focusing on the anti-Japanese war history, which is expected to further enhance the region's economic prospects [17][19].

Core Points - The Chinese Embassy in France held a ceremony for the donation of historical photos related to the Anti-Japanese War by French friend Marcus Dretes [1] - Marcus donated 618 historical photos collected by his grandfather, Roger Pierre Laurence, to the Shanghai Songhu Anti-Japanese War Memorial Museum [1] - The photos, which are gelatin silver black-and-white prints from the 1930s to 1950s, document the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians during the Shanghai Campaign [1] Summary by Category Donation Details - The donation includes 618 historical photos that have been permanently collected by the Shanghai Songhu Anti-Japanese War Memorial Museum [1] - The photos are significant for their diverse perspectives on the Shanghai Campaign and their historical documentation of wartime atrocities [1] Historical Significance - The photos serve as valuable historical materials for further research on the Chinese people's Anti-Japanese War and the global anti-fascist movement [1] - Marcus expressed hope that the donation would help more Westerners, especially young people, understand this historical period [1]

Core Points - The article discusses the significant historical event of the Battle of Shanghai, also known as the "August 13" Incident, which marked the beginning of large-scale resistance against Japanese invasion in 1937 [1][3][9] - The battle involved over 700,000 Chinese troops and 250,000 Japanese soldiers, lasting for three months and thwarting Japan's strategy to quickly conquer China [1][9][21] Group 1 - The Japanese military launched a surprise attack on August 13, 1937, targeting key locations in Shanghai, including the Bazi Bridge, which was a strategic point for Chinese defenses [3][5][7] - The Chinese military, including various regional armies, quickly mobilized to defend Shanghai, with the National Government declaring a self-defense war [9][21] - Despite being outnumbered and outgunned, Chinese air forces engaged in fierce combat, achieving significant victories against Japanese aircraft [11][13][21] Group 2 - The battle saw notable acts of heroism from young Chinese pilots, with many sacrificing their lives to defend against the Japanese forces [15][17][19][21] - The Chinese military faced heavy casualties, with reports indicating that they lost nearly a division daily during the most intense fighting [24][21] - The National Government decided on a strategic retreat by late October 1937, with the Four Lines Warehouse becoming a symbol of resistance [26][29][33]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of acknowledging and educating the world about Japan's militaristic aggression during World War II, particularly the impact on China and the contributions of the Chinese people to the anti-fascist war effort [2][3]. Group 1: Historical Context - Frank Schumann, a German publisher and author, is preparing to publish a book on Japan's wartime atrocities, highlighting the need for greater awareness of this history in Europe [2]. - Schumann notes that 2023 marks the 80th anniversary of the victory over German fascism, while Japan's militaristic actions remain largely unknown in Europe [2]. - He emphasizes the staggering loss of 35 million Chinese military and civilian lives during the 14-year war against Japan, underscoring the necessity of remembering this history [2]. Group 2: Contributions of the Chinese People - Schumann acknowledges the significant role of the Chinese Communist Party in mobilizing resistance against Japanese aggression, framing the war as a fight for survival and future [3]. - He highlights the international support received by the Chinese people during the war, particularly the establishment of the "Nanjing Safety Zone" by John Rabe and other international friends, which provided refuge for over 200,000 Chinese [3]. Group 3: Modern Implications - Schumann reflects on how the experiences of the war have shaped China's current domestic and foreign policies, advocating for peaceful development and non-imposition of will on other nations [4]. - He argues that conflict resolution should prioritize diplomatic means over military action, criticizing nations that seek global dominance [5]. - Schumann points out that countries like China are fostering global development through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative, aiming for a fair and lasting peace [5].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of remembering history and valuing peace, particularly in the context of China's victory in the Anti-Japanese War, which is seen as a significant part of the global anti-fascist struggle [2] Group 1: Historical Context - The Anti-Japanese War is highlighted as a crucial component of the global anti-fascist movement, with China's efforts under the leadership of the Communist Party leading to national independence and the establishment of a new China [2] - The article mentions the existence of the "Japanese Anti-War Alliance in China," which consisted of Japanese individuals who fought alongside the Chinese against Japanese militarism [2] Group 2: Personal Accounts - A personal narrative is provided by Kobayashi Yoshiki, whose father, a former Japanese soldier, became a member of the anti-war alliance after realizing the injustices of Japanese militarism [3] - Kobayashi's father played a significant role in demoralizing Japanese troops through various means of communication, contributing to the anti-Japanese war efforts [3] Group 3: Modern Implications - The article discusses China's commitment to peaceful development and its historical context, asserting that China has never initiated war or occupied foreign lands [4] - It emphasizes the importance of learning from history, particularly for Japan, and the need for self-reflection to earn global respect [4] - The legacy of the anti-war alliance continues through organizations like the "Japanese Anti-War Alliance in China," which promotes peace and friendship between Japan and China [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of remembering history and valuing peace, particularly in the context of China's victory in the Anti-Japanese War, which is seen as a significant part of the global anti-fascist struggle [2] - The narrative highlights the contributions of the Japanese anti-war alliance in China, showcasing the personal story of Kobayashi Yoshiyuki's father, who transitioned from a Japanese soldier to a brave anti-fascist fighter [2][3] - The article discusses the role of Kobayashi's father in undermining Japanese military morale through various means of communication, which helped to sway the beliefs of Japanese soldiers during the war [3] Group 2 - The article reflects on China's commitment to peaceful development and its historical context, asserting that China has never initiated war or occupied foreign lands [4] - It emphasizes the importance of self-reflection for Japan, suggesting that learning from history is crucial for earning global respect, rather than relying solely on the forgiveness of others [4] - The legacy of the Japanese anti-war veterans is highlighted, with a focus on their efforts to promote peace and friendship between Japan and China, indicating a continued commitment to these values by the next generation [4]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Expeditionary Force played a significant role in the Allied efforts against Japanese forces during World War II, particularly in the campaigns in Myanmar, contributing to the broader anti-fascist war efforts [4][5]. Group 1: Historical Context - On December 8, 1941, the Pacific War began with the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, leading to the Japanese invasion of Myanmar in January 1942 [4]. - The Chinese government responded to a request from the British to send troops to support their efforts against Japan, deploying over 100,000 troops in the form of the Chinese Expeditionary Force [4]. Group 2: Key Military Engagements - In April 1942, the Chinese Expeditionary Force successfully rescued over 7,000 surrounded British troops at the Yananqi oil field, killing over 1,000 Japanese soldiers in the process [4]. - From October 1943 to March 1945, the Chinese Expeditionary Force, in collaboration with American and British forces, launched a series of offensives to reclaim territory in northern Myanmar, capturing over 50 towns and recovering more than 80,000 square kilometers of land [5]. Group 3: Strategic Outcomes - The campaigns led to the reopening of the southwestern international land route and dealt a heavy blow to Japanese forces in the region, marking a significant contribution to the Allied war efforts [5].

Core Points - The article reflects a deep appreciation for China, highlighting personal experiences and interactions that fostered a love for the country [2] - The narrative centers around the life of Lu Caiwen, a war hero who fought against Japanese imperialism during a dark period in Chinese history [3][4] - Lu's story exemplifies the courage and dedication of the Chinese people in defending their homeland and contributing to global peace during World War II [5] Summary by Sections - **Personal Experiences in China** - The author shares vivid memories of living and working in China for over a decade, emphasizing the warmth and kindness of the Chinese people [2] - **Lu Caiwen's Heroic Journey** - Lu Caiwen, despite being in his nineties, captivated the author with his remarkable life story as a soldier in the Chinese Expeditionary Force during the war against Japan [3] - The article recounts the emotional impact of the 1944 Tengchong battle, where the Chinese forces suffered significant casualties but achieved a crucial victory [4] - **Historical Significance** - Lu's experiences reflect the broader narrative of Chinese resistance during World War II, which played a vital role in weakening Japanese forces and supporting Allied efforts [5] - The author notes the insufficient recognition of China's contributions in Western historical discourse, advocating for a remembrance of heroes like Lu Caiwen [5]

图一 信件、照片、旅行箱……展览以具象化的方式呈现战争对个体的摧残。玻璃墙上，张贴着无数张遇难者 的肖像，那些在战争发生前微笑的、严肃的、平静的脸庞，随着战火消失在历史的黑暗之中。"像我们 一样的人们"——一旁的文字上写着照片墙的主题，述说着战争的残酷。 展览强调了世界反法西斯人民的共同战斗，包括中国人民抗日战争的艰辛历程。在"战争之路"展区内， 展览从1931年九一八事变开始，介绍了日本军队对中国的残暴侵略以及野蛮行径。"战争的恐怖"展区揭 露了日本军队给亚洲国家尤其是给中国人民带来的灾难。博物馆还展陈了两份来自侵华日军第七三一部 队罪证陈列馆的馆藏资料复印件，揭露当年日本在中国犯下的罪行。乌努克说："直到今天，仍有不少 波兰民众对中国人民抗日战争这段历史不甚了解。我们希望来到博物馆的每一个参观者都能了解完整的 历史，了解日本军国主义的战争暴行以及中国人民经历的苦难和抗争。" "二战是全人类的悲剧。因此，博物馆并非仅仅呈现波兰的战争叙事，而是采取更为全球性的视角来呈 现二战历史。我们相信，只有将波兰人的战时经历置于欧洲乃至全世界反法西斯战争的广阔背景中，才 能充分传达呼吁和平的意义。我们要全面、真实叙述历史 ...