Group 1 - The World Trade Organization (WTO) has lowered its global goods trade growth forecast for 2026 from 2.5% to 1.8%, indicating increasing damage from U.S. tariff measures on the global trade system [1] - The U.S. has imposed differentiated tariffs ranging from 10% to 50% on 69 trading partners, raising the trade-weighted average tariff rate to 20.11% as of August 7 [1] - The imposition of tariffs violates WTO principles, leading to systemic risks in global trade rules and increasing uncertainty and fragmentation [1] Group 2 - The unilateral approach of the U.S. in trade negotiations has led to market access agreements that favor U.S. industries while harming global trade governance [2] - Developing countries bear the heaviest burden from these tariff measures, with 32 landlocked developing countries facing marginalization in value chains due to high transportation costs and tariffs [2] - The current multilateral trade system is at a crossroads, with rising trade restrictions potentially leading to further trade contraction and exacerbating economic disparities [2] Group 3 - Urgent reforms are needed for the WTO's dispute resolution mechanism, including the selection of appellate judges and maintaining a two-tier structure for dispute resolution [3] - Emerging economies are encouraged to build diversified supply chain networks to mitigate risks and enhance resilience through regional resource integration [3] - Strengthening the core position of the multilateral trade system is essential, advocating for inclusive rule reforms and ensuring that global development benefits are shared equitably [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of multilateral cooperation in global trade, particularly in the context of service trade, and criticizes the unilateral measures taken by the United States, urging adherence to WTO rules [1][2]. Group 1: U.S. Service Trade Surplus - The U.S. is the largest service trade surplus country globally, with a projected surplus nearing $300 billion in 2024 [1]. - The U.S. benefits significantly from its deep involvement in high-value segments of the global value chain, such as R&D, design, and sales, which yields returns exceeding what trade data indicates [1]. Group 2: Critique of U.S. Trade Narrative - The U.S. narrative focuses on losses in goods trade while neglecting the profits from service trade, which is seen as misleading and one-sided [1]. - The article argues against the U.S. double standards in trade rules, stating that all members, especially developing ones, should be allowed to benefit from trade [1]. Group 3: Call for Multilateral Solutions - The Chinese representative calls for resolving trade disputes through multilateral cooperation within the WTO framework rather than unilateral actions [1]. - There is a push for accelerating WTO reforms to strengthen an open, stable, and predictable multilateral trade system [1]. Group 4: Global Response - The Chinese stance received support from various countries, including developed members like the EU, Australia, and Canada, as well as developing nations like Brazil and Pakistan [2]. - These countries highlighted the significance of the service sector in future global trade and its role in maintaining supply chain resilience [2].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that most World Trade Organization (WTO) trade leaders are in favor of reforming the organization [1] Group 2 - The statement was made by EU Trade Commissioner Sefcovic, highlighting a collective desire for change among trade officials [1]

Group 1 - The majority of World Trade Organization (WTO) trade chiefs are in favor of reforming the WTO [1]

Group 1 - The World Trade Organization (WTO) is facing significant challenges to its multilateral trade system, particularly due to the U.S. "reciprocal tariffs" policy, which undermines the rules-based order [1] - China emphasizes the importance of an open and stable international economic order based on rules, advocating for collective action among WTO members to strengthen the multilateral trade system [1][3] - The recent high-level economic talks between China and the U.S. in Geneva have yielded substantial results, including an agreement to lower tariffs, which reflects key WTO principles such as free trade and predictability [2] Group 2 - The ongoing trade tensions present a critical opportunity for the WTO to address its systemic weaknesses and focus on necessary reforms, with a consensus among members to prioritize this at the upcoming 2026 Ministerial Conference [3] - Despite the progress made in U.S.-China talks, the U.S. has not returned to a multilateral trade framework based on WTO rules, continuing to engage in bilateral negotiations that deviate from the "most-favored-nation" principle [4] - For the WTO to enhance its role in facilitating trade negotiations, it will need to adopt more flexible negotiation formats to align bilateral and plurilateral outcomes with multilateral trade rules [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that despite initial differences, APEC has reached a joint statement emphasizing the importance of the WTO and the need for meaningful reforms [1] - APEC members unanimously agree on the significance of the World Trade Organization [1] - The discussions highlight a collaborative effort among APEC members to address trade issues and reform the WTO [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that APEC members unanimously agree on the importance of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and recognize the need for meaningful reforms [1]

日本外相岩屋毅（左）、经济产业相武藤容治（右）和欧盟贸易专员谢夫乔维奇（中）举行了会谈。 会谈是日本和欧盟的部长级定期磋商"高级别经济对话"，讨论的议题是中国生产的纯电动汽车、 光伏面板和锂离子电池等产品的供应过剩,还讨论了不依赖中国产品的供应链的合作…… 双方还讨论了不依赖中国产品的供应链的合作。双方在构建不仅注重经济因素、还重视透明 性和安全性等的供应链方面保持一致步调。日本和欧盟此前多次确认在重要矿物采购等方面 加深合作的方针。 考虑到美国的特朗普关税，表示"存在全球经济秩序正在面临的巨大挑战"，就如何应对关税和 影响交换了意见。 中国发起出口攻势的背后存在国家政策。中国在2023年提出了投资高科技产业的"新质生产 力"。在中美对立的背景下，出于自主开发先进技术和确保高质量产品等目的，通过税收优惠 和补贴促进了产能的增强。 结果，与中国国内需求相比，产能出现过剩，中国产品开始以低价格流向国外。美国高盛的 数据显示，截至2023年，中国光伏面板的供应能力为1036吉瓦时（GWh），达到世界需求的 1.9倍。 可能会助长这一趋势的是美国特朗普政府的关税政策。 日本外相岩屋毅和经济产业相武藤容治5月8日在东京 ...