党的二十届四中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》 （以下简称《建议》），就"扩大高水平对外开放""建设强大国内市场"作出部署，提出"积极扩大自主 开放""大力提振消费"等具体举措。商务部党组书记、部长王文涛接受采访表示，关于"十五五"时期开 放工作，《建议》从4方面作出重要部署。我们将坚持和加强党对开放工作的全面领导，推动《建议》 相关决策部署落地开花，不断提高对外开放水平，拓展中国式现代化的发展空间。 积极扩大自主开放。我们将主动对接国际高标准经贸规则。以服务业为重点，扩大市场准入和开放领 域。扩大单边开放领域和区域。 打造开放高地，全面深入实施自贸试验区提升战略，高标准建设海南自由贸易港，完善国家级经开区政 策支撑体系，深化优化国家服务业扩大开放综合试点示范，建设国家服务贸易创新发展示范区，搞好各 类开放试点试验。 （文章来源：新华社） 积极扩大经贸合作，全面深入参与世贸组织改革，用好多边平台机制，加快推进区域和双边贸易投资协 定进程，扩大高标准自贸区网络。通过商签共同发展经济伙伴关系协定落实对非洲建交国零关税举措， 灵活务实商签更多双边、小多边贸易投资协定。 ...

Core Insights - The global trade system is under significant pressure but continues to expand, demonstrating remarkable resilience despite challenges [1][2] - The World Trade Organization (WTO) forecasts a 2.4% growth in global merchandise trade for the year, which, while lower than the 2.7% expectation without tariffs, is an improvement from the earlier prediction of -0.2% [1] Group 1: Global Trade Dynamics - The global trade system is facing serious disruptions, with some countries attempting to reshape it, leading to challenges against long-standing agreements and norms [1] - Most economies have refrained from imposing escalated restrictions on each other's goods and services, indicating a commitment to maintaining trade relationships [1] Group 2: WTO Reform Principles - To address unilateralism and outdated rules, WTO reform has been prioritized, focusing on enhancing member recognition and trust, correcting ineffective areas, and adapting the system to current economic changes [2] - The WTO's latest report suggests that bridging the digital divide and improving labor skills could lead to a nearly 40% increase in global trade flow by 2040, driven by advancements in artificial intelligence [2] Group 3: China's Role in WTO - China's recent decision not to seek new special and differential treatment in current and future WTO negotiations has been praised as a demonstration of responsibility and a sign that reform is actively occurring [2]

Core Insights - The global trade system is under significant pressure but continues to expand, demonstrating remarkable resilience despite challenges [1][2] - The World Trade Organization (WTO) forecasts a 2.4% growth in global merchandise trade for the year, which is lower than the 2.7% expectation without tariffs but significantly better than the -0.2% prediction made in April [1] Group 1: Global Trade System - The global trade system is facing severe shocks, with some countries attempting to readjust it, leading to rewritten commitments and reshaped rules [1] - Despite these challenges, most economies have avoided escalating trade restrictions against each other and are expanding existing trade relationships [1] Group 2: WTO Reforms - WTO reforms are being prioritized to address unilateralism and outdated rules, with three principles proposed: enhancing member recognition and trust, correcting ineffective elements, and reshaping the system to adapt to current economic changes [2] - The WTO's latest report indicates that bridging the digital divide and improving labor skills could lead to a nearly 40% increase in global trade flow by 2040, driven by advancements in artificial intelligence [2] Group 3: China's Role - China's recent announcement not to seek new special and differential treatment in current and future WTO negotiations has been praised as a demonstration of responsibility and a sign that reforms are actively occurring [2]

Core Points - The eighth Hongqiao International Economic Forum focused on "Global Trade Restructuring and WTO Reform," emphasizing the need for multilateral trade cooperation and the importance of a resilient global supply chain [1][2] - China's commitment to expanding institutional openness and participating in WTO reforms was highlighted, aiming to inject momentum into global economic growth through its vast market [1][2] - The WTO's Deputy Director-General stressed the organization's irreplaceable role in global economic governance and the necessity for member countries to collaborate on reforms [1][2] Group 1 - The forum was attended by nearly 200 representatives from various sectors, including government, industry, academia, and media [3] - The Chinese government expressed its willingness to work with other nations to maintain the multilateral trade system and promote sustainable global supply chains [1][2] - Participants discussed the challenges and opportunities presented by the current trade turbulence, advocating for the modernization of trade rules and mechanisms to facilitate international competition [2]

Core Insights - The eighth Hongqiao International Economic Forum's sub-forum on "Global Trade Restructuring and WTO Reform" was held on November 5 in Shanghai, focusing on the analysis of current trade turmoil and proposing practical solutions for global trade restructuring and WTO reform [1] Group 1: Current Trade Environment - High-level officials, authoritative scholars, and industry representatives discussed the severe impact of unilateralism and protectionism on the international economic order, which brings uncertainty and instability to global economic development [1] - The multilateral trade system, centered around the WTO, provides stability and predictable institutional guarantees for global trade, emphasizing the need to strengthen the authority of the multilateral trade system in the interest of all parties involved [1]

Core Points - The forum emphasized the need for countries to strengthen communication and cooperation to maintain the multilateral trade system and build a more resilient and sustainable global supply chain [1][2] - China expressed its commitment to participating in WTO reforms and expanding imports of quality products and services, aiming to inject momentum into global economic growth [1] - The WTO's role in global economic governance is deemed irreplaceable, and members are encouraged to collaborate on reforms to enhance the authority and relevance of the multilateral trade system [1][2] Summary by Sections Forum Overview - The forum was hosted by the Ministry of Commerce and organized by Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, with nearly 200 representatives from various sectors attending [3] Key Discussions - Participants discussed the impact of current trade turbulence, opportunities and challenges in global trade restructuring, and the need for WTO reforms [2] - There is a consensus that a rules-based multilateral trade system provides stability and predictability, and enhancing its authority aligns with the common interests of all parties [2] - Expectations were set for China to further expand institutional openness and play a more active role in improving the global governance system and promoting world development [2]

Core Viewpoint - China's announcement to not seek new special and differential treatment (SDT) in current and future World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations reflects its commitment to responsible global governance and a higher level of openness in trade [1][14][17]. Group 1: Implications of China's Announcement - The decision signifies a shift towards a more proactive role in multilateral trade negotiations, potentially opening new avenues for future discussions on trade rules [3][6]. - China's stance does not equate to a complete relinquishment of rights; rather, it indicates a willingness to engage on equal terms with developed nations in areas like goods trade, services, and intellectual property [3][4]. - The announcement is expected to enhance trust among WTO members and encourage a return to negotiations, particularly among developed countries [18][19]. Group 2: Context of China's Position - Since joining the WTO in 2001, China has enjoyed limited SDT compared to other developing members, indicating a unique position within the organization [5]. - The decision to forgo new SDT is seen as a response to external pressures and a reflection of China's growing economic capabilities, particularly in light of its status as the largest developing country [14][15][16]. - Maintaining its developing country status allows China to continue advocating for the interests of the Global South while balancing its responsibilities as a major global player [15][16]. Group 3: Impact on WTO Reform - China's declaration is anticipated to provide new momentum for WTO reforms, addressing existing challenges such as the restoration of negotiation functions and dispute resolution mechanisms [18][19]. - The move is viewed as a strategic choice to align with higher standards of openness and to facilitate smoother multilateral cooperation [19].

Core Viewpoint - China's announcement to not seek new special and differential treatment (SDT) in current and future World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations signifies a strategic shift towards greater responsibility and engagement in global trade governance [2][4][16] Group 1: Implications of China's Announcement - The decision reflects China's readiness to engage in future negotiations without relying on the same policy space as other developing members, particularly in areas like goods trade, services, intellectual property, and e-commerce [4][12] - This move is seen as a way to provide greater convenience for other developing members and open new avenues for negotiations based on multilateral rules [6][12] - China's historical context shows that it has enjoyed less SDT compared to other developing countries, indicating a nuanced approach to its role within the WTO [6][12] Group 2: China's Development Status - Despite the announcement, China retains its status as a developing country, which aligns with WTO rules and reflects its ongoing development challenges [16][17] - The retention of this status allows China to advocate for the interests of the Global South, emphasizing its commitment to maintaining a voice for developing nations in international trade [17][18] - China's development level, while significantly improved, still shows disparities when compared to developed economies, justifying its position as a developing country [16][17] Group 3: Impact on WTO Reform - China's declaration is expected to inject new momentum into WTO reform efforts, addressing existing challenges such as restoring negotiation functions and enhancing trade review mechanisms [21][22] - The commitment to forgo new SDT may encourage other nations, particularly developed ones, to return to the negotiation table and foster trust in multilateralism [21][22] - This strategic choice aligns with China's broader goals of high-level openness and adherence to international trade standards, as seen in its participation in regional trade agreements like RCEP and potential CPTPP membership [21][22]

Core Viewpoint - China has committed to not seeking new special and differential treatment in current and future World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations, reflecting its role as a responsible developing country and supporting a more balanced and fair global trade system [1][2]. Group 1: China's Commitment - China's decision aligns with its development stage and acknowledges its position as the world's second-largest economy and the largest goods trading nation [1]. - The commitment is seen as a significant step towards supporting the multilateral trading system amid rising unilateralism and protectionism [2][3]. Group 2: WTO's Response - The WTO welcomed China's announcement, highlighting it as a critical moment for the organization, which faces challenges from hegemonism and trade wars [2]. - WTO Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala emphasized the urgency of reforming the WTO to ensure the interests of developing and least developed members are prioritized [2]. Group 3: Implications for Global Trade - China's decision serves the WTO reform agenda and sends a strong signal in support of necessary reforms [3]. - As the largest developing country, China's proactive stance is expected to foster consensus on WTO reforms and contribute to achieving significant outcomes in multilateral trade negotiations [3].

Core Points - China announced at the high-level meeting of the Global Development Initiative that it will not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future WTO negotiations, demonstrating its commitment to multilateral trade systems and responsibilities as a major developing country [1][2] - The position and identity of China as the world's largest developing country remain unchanged, and it will continue to stand with other developing nations [1] - This announcement is expected to bring new opportunities and momentum to global economic cooperation, with a focus on promoting common interests and supporting WTO reforms [1] Summary by Sections - **China's Commitment to Multilateral Trade** China emphasizes its unwavering support for the multilateral trade system and is willing to enhance communication and cooperation with all parties to contribute to an open world economy [2] - **WTO Negotiations and Reforms** China aims to push for the inclusion of investment facilitation agreements and e-commerce agreements into the WTO legal framework and seeks practical outcomes from the upcoming 14th WTO Ministerial Conference in March 2026 [2]