文/ 中国国际经济交流中心资深专家委员、国际货币基金组织原副总裁 朱民 10月2 8日下午备受关注的"十五五"规划建议全文正式公布。建议全文不 仅内容更翔实、部署更具体，也更清晰的明确了实现目标的重要方向。未 来"十五五"期间，究竟有哪些更详细的内容和更具体的要求？ 五个战略维度分析"十五五"规划建议 总书记的说明和《建议》非常有力量，令人振奋。如果用四个字来归纳我的感觉，叫"逆势而上"。这个逆势就是要逆反全球化之"势"，而且同时还 要"上"，"上"就是我们的经济要发展，"上"就是我们继续要走向世界，进入世界舞台的中央，提升我们的国际地位。所以这是一个非常有力量、非常有战 略格局，也是非常鼓舞人心的讲话和规划。我在里面看到有几个高的战略维度。 第一点，就是要 深刻理解当前宏观外部环境变化 的艰巨性、波动性和剧烈性，我觉得这个很重要，这是一个长期的变化，也就是说我们以前一直以为全 球化的基础——市场化原则、国际惯例、全球配置、效率第一，现在都会发生变化。所以不单是中美的博弈、特朗普政府的关税战，而是全球规章、制 度、秩序的打破。 第二点，就是 集中力量做好我们自己的事 ，面对外部环境变化的时候，我们怎么应对，还 ...

Core Insights - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes a strategic approach to counter global challenges while focusing on domestic economic growth and stability [1][2][4] Strategic Dimensions - Understanding the current macro external environment's challenges and volatility is crucial, as traditional globalization principles are changing [1][2] - Concentrating on internal affairs is essential to respond effectively to external changes [1][2] Historical Perspective - A historical viewpoint is necessary to recognize China's position and trajectory in the global landscape, marking a significant opportunity for advancement [2] Goal Orientation - The unwavering goal of building a modern socialist country and achieving national rejuvenation remains central despite global changes [2] Problem Orientation - Identifying and addressing existing issues is vital after understanding the broader context [2] Economic Growth and Quality - The plan highlights the importance of both qualitative and quantitative aspects of growth, with an average economic growth rate of 5.5% during the first four years of the "14th Five-Year Plan" [3] - Labor productivity improvement is emphasized as a key factor for quality growth, alongside increasing wages and domestic consumption [3] Domestic Market Stability - Enhancing internal stability is critical to countering external uncertainties, with a focus on unifying the domestic market [4][5] Technological Advancements - China has made significant strides in technology, particularly in AI, quantum computing, and fiber optics, positioning itself competitively against the U.S. [6][7][8] Global Layout - The "China + N" phenomenon reflects a shift in global investment strategies, with increased importance placed on China's market by international companies [9][10][11] Currency Internationalization - Accelerating the internationalization of the Renminbi is deemed essential for strengthening the economy and financial system, with a focus on capital account openness [12]

Core Insights - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes a strategic approach to counter global challenges while focusing on domestic economic growth and stability [1][6] - The plan outlines a clear goal of building a modern socialist country and achieving national rejuvenation by 2035, with a commitment to maintaining economic growth around 5% [5][2] - The concept of "China + N" reflects a new global strategy where Chinese enterprises expand internationally while attracting foreign investment and technology [12][13] Strategic Dimensions - Understanding the changing macro external environment is crucial, highlighting the volatility and challenges posed by the breakdown of global rules and order [1][2] - The focus on historical context emphasizes recognizing China's position and trajectory in the global landscape, presenting a significant opportunity for advancement [2][3] - A goal-oriented approach is essential, with unwavering commitment to national objectives despite global uncertainties [2][3] Economic Growth and Quality - The plan indicates that the average economic growth rate during the "14th Five-Year Plan" was approximately 5.5%, setting a foundation for future growth [5] - Emphasis on improving labor productivity is critical, as it is seen as a key factor in enhancing economic quality and overall growth [5][6] - The importance of domestic consumption and living standards is highlighted, with a goal for wages to increase as a proportion of total income [5] Domestic Market Stability - Strengthening the domestic market is identified as a primary strategy to counter international uncertainties, with a focus on unifying regulations and improving the business environment [6][9] - The establishment of a unified domestic market is deemed essential for enhancing internal stability and resilience against external shocks [6] Technological Advancements - China is positioned to compete with the U.S. in several technological fields, particularly in AI, quantum computing, and nuclear energy, with significant advancements expected in the next five years [9][10][11] - The focus on AI+ applications indicates a strategic shift towards practical implementations rather than just foundational models, suggesting a competitive edge in specific areas [9] Global Engagement - The "China + N" strategy signifies a shift in how global companies view China, recognizing its importance in the global supply chain and market [12][13] - China's outbound direct investment (ODI) has begun to match foreign direct investment (FDI), indicating a significant change in the global investment landscape [13] Currency Internationalization - The acceleration of the internationalization of the Renminbi is deemed necessary for strengthening China's financial position in global markets [14] - The plan includes steps to enhance capital account openness and develop a global bond market to facilitate Renminbi's international use [14]