近期，中国有色矿业集团在赞比亚的运营项目因环境泄漏问题陷入争议。事件发生后，企业虽迅速响应并配合整改，中赞两国政府也通过对话积极协调，但 随后却有当地农民团体提出数额高达800亿美元的巨额赔偿要求，远超常规尺度，使得事件陡然复杂化。 这一极端案例，折射出中企在非洲运营所面临的普遍性挑战。为何当地政府与民间的反应会出现如此显著的温差？赞比亚乃至非洲整体的营商环境与政治社 会情况如何？对于"中企在非洲易受欺负"的负面舆论，又该如何看待？近期中国对非出口的显著增长，其背后的真正驱动力是什么？ 对此，观察者网特邀清华大学国际关系学系系主任唐晓阳，系统性剖析中企出海非洲的机遇与挑战。 【对话/观察者网 郑乐欢】 · 稳中存忧的赞比亚政局 观察者网：近期，中国有色矿业在赞比亚的运营项目因环境泄漏问题引发当地污染争议。事件发生后，中企迅速响应并配合整改，赞比亚政府与中国政府也 通过对话积极协调后续工作。然而，近日有报道称，百余名当地农民集体提出高达800亿美元的赔偿要求，这一数额远超事件常规赔偿尺度。为何赞比亚政 府与民间对此事的反应出现显著差异？ 唐晓阳：这主要是因为非洲国家的政治体制相对复杂，党派选举等因素为不同势力施 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that China has maintained its position as Africa's largest trading partner for 16 consecutive years, with trade expected to exceed 2 trillion yuan in 2024, reaching 2.1 trillion yuan [1] - The China-Africa trade index has significantly increased from a base value of 100 in 2000 to 1056.53 in 2024, indicating robust growth in trade relations [1] - In the first five months of this year, China's imports and exports to Africa reached 963.21 billion yuan, marking a year-on-year growth of 12.4% and setting a historical record for the same period [1] Group 2 - Agricultural cooperation has expanded, with agricultural imports from Africa expected to surpass 70 billion yuan for the first time in 2024 [1] - In the first five months of this year, China imported agricultural products worth 15.83 billion yuan from Africa, with significant growth in coffee (145.7%), cocoa beans (88.6%), and frozen strawberries (82%) [1] - Exports of pesticide formulations and agricultural machinery to Africa increased by 12% and 41%, respectively, during the same period [1] Group 3 - Infrastructure construction cooperation has shown significant results, with Africa being China's largest market for foreign contracted projects since 2022 [2] - In the first five months of this year, China's exports to Africa through foreign contracted projects amounted to 12.59 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 46.5% [2] - Exports of ships, marine engineering equipment, engineering machinery, electric motors, and generators to Africa also saw substantial growth, with increases of 41.6%, 58.5%, and 51.1%, respectively [2]

Core Insights - Since the establishment of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in 2000, China-Africa relations have experienced significant development, with trade cooperation expanding to higher levels, deeper dimensions, and broader fields [1] - China has maintained its position as Africa's largest trading partner for 16 consecutive years, with trade volume reaching a record high [1] Trade Volume and Growth - In 2024, the trade volume between China and Africa is expected to exceed 2 trillion yuan for the first time, reaching 2.1 trillion yuan, marking four consecutive years of growth [1] - In the first five months of this year, China's imports and exports to Africa totaled 963.21 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.4%, setting a historical record for the same period [1] - Exports to Africa amounted to 599.57 billion yuan, reflecting a growth of 20.2%, while imports from Africa reached 363.64 billion yuan, with a growth of 1.6% [1] Trade Index - The China-Africa Trade Index, compiled by Chinese customs, has shown remarkable growth since the establishment of the Forum, rising from a base value of 100 points in 2000 to over 1000 points in 2023, and reaching 1056.53 points in 2024, illustrating the robust development of China-Africa trade [1]

Core Insights - The trade volume between China and Africa has reached a historical high for the same period, indicating strong economic recovery and resilience in China's goods trade despite external pressures [1] Trade Performance - In the first five months of this year, China's total import and export value with African countries amounted to 963.21 billion yuan, representing a growth of 12.4% [1] - Exports to Africa were 599.57 billion yuan, showing an increase of 20.2% [1] - Imports from Africa totaled 363.64 billion yuan, with a modest growth of 1.6% [1] - The trade with Africa accounted for 5.4% of China's total import and export value [1]

Core Insights - China has maintained its position as Africa's largest trading partner for 16 consecutive years, with trade volume reaching $295.6 billion in 2024, marking a 4.8% year-on-year increase [1][1][1] Trade Performance - China's imports from Africa amounted to $116.8 billion, reflecting a 6.9% increase year-on-year [1] - Exports to Africa reached $178.8 billion, showing a 3.5% growth compared to the previous year [1] Market Opportunities - China's vast market provides significant opportunities for African products, exemplified by the case of macadamia nuts, where 90% of South Africa's production is exported to China, contributing to South Africa becoming the world's third-largest producer of macadamia nuts [1] Upcoming Events - The Fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo is scheduled to take place from June 12 to June 15 in Changsha, Hunan, with the theme "China-Africa Cooperation for Modernization" [1]

Group 1 - In Q1 2025, Hunan Province's import and export to Africa reached 12.48 billion yuan, with exports at 6.72 billion yuan, an increase of 33.2%, and imports at 5.76 billion yuan [1] - Changsha accounted for 52.4% of Hunan's total trade with Africa, with a total of 6.54 billion yuan in imports and exports [1] - General trade was the primary trade method, with 9.95 billion yuan in general trade, making up 79.7% of the total trade with Africa [1] Group 2 - In Q1 2025, private enterprises contributed over 80% of Hunan's trade with Africa, totaling 10.04 billion yuan, while state-owned and foreign-invested enterprises also showed growth [1] - South Africa was the largest trading partner for Hunan in Africa, with trade amounting to 2.63 billion yuan, accounting for 21% of Hunan's total trade with Africa [2] - Electrical machinery, automobiles, and measuring instruments saw significant export growth, with total exports of electrical products reaching 3.48 billion yuan, a 34.8% increase [2] Group 3 - In 2024, the trade volume between China and Africa reached 2.1 trillion yuan, marking a historical high, with China being Africa's largest trading partner for 16 consecutive years [3] - The upcoming Fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo in June 2024 in Changsha will focus on enhancing cooperation in various sectors, including infrastructure and clean energy [3]