女性的乳房不仅是美丽与自信的象征，更是孕育生命的源泉，它的健康关乎每一个家庭的幸福。然而，中国女性的乳房健康问题越来越严峻。数据显示， 中国是乳腺癌发病率增长最快的国家之一，发病率正以每年约3%的速度递增，且发病年龄逐渐提前，当前，乳腺癌已成为威胁女性健康的首要恶性肿瘤 之一。我们如何正确认识乳腺癌？第一财经《名医面对面》邀请复旦大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科副主任医师 杨犇龙 为大家进行科普： 复旦大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科副主任医师 杨犇龙 Q:中国乳腺癌发病率呈现怎样的特征？ A:发病率持续上升：中国每年乳腺癌新发病例超过50万例，并以每年3%的速度递增，增速是全球平均增速的2倍，在全世界排第一； 城市地区发病和死亡例数明显高于农村：乳腺癌发病例数，城市地区约是农村地区的2倍；死亡例数，城市地区约是农村地区的1.8倍； 发病年龄早：中国女性乳腺癌发病平均年龄比西方国家提早了10年，45-55岁的女性是乳腺癌高发年龄。 Q:乳腺癌有哪些发病成因？ A:不可抗的危险因素： 性别：性别是乳腺癌的一个重要的危险因素。仅仅作为女性就是患乳腺癌的危险因素。虽然男性也可能患上乳腺癌，但这种疾病主要发生于女性。女性中 比男性多 ...

女性的乳房不仅是美丽与自信的象征，更是孕育生命的源泉，它的健康关乎每一个家庭的幸福。然 而，中国女性的乳房健康问题越来越严峻。数据显示，中国是乳腺癌发病率增长最快的国家之一，发 病率正以每年约3%的速度递增，且发病年龄逐渐提前，当前，乳腺癌已成为威胁女性健康的首要恶 性肿瘤之一。我们如何正确认识乳腺癌？第一财经《名医面对面》邀请 复旦大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺 外科副主任医师 杨犇龙 为大家进行科普： 复旦大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科副主任医师 杨犇龙 Q:中国乳腺癌发病率呈现怎样的特征？ A: 发病率持续上升 ：中国每年乳腺癌新发病例超过50万例，并以每年3%的速度递增，增速是全球 平均增速的2倍，在全世界排第一； 城市地区发病和死亡例数明显高于农村 ：乳腺癌发病例数，城市地区约是农村地区的2倍；死亡例 数，城市地区约是农村地区的1.8倍； 发病年龄早 ：中国女性乳腺癌发病平均年龄比西方国家提早了10年，45-55岁的女性是乳腺癌高发 年龄。 包括饮酒，超重或肥胖，不运动，未生育，未母乳喂养，避孕，绝经后激素治疗，隆胸等，都会诱发 乳腺癌。 需要特别注意是， 乳腺癌是一个雌激素相关的肿瘤，如果长期暴露在高雌激素相关的 ...

2月4日世界癌症日前夕，《全民健康大讲堂》节目邀请复旦大学附属肿瘤医院党委书记、肿瘤整复整形 多学科团队首席专家吴炅教授、复旦大学附属肿瘤医院浦东院区护理办公室副主任裘佳佳，帮我们拨开 乳腺癌的认知迷雾。让科学的健康理念，陪伴每一位女性，走过人生的每一个阶段。 近日，"00后女孩常熬夜压力大确诊乳腺癌"冲上热搜。这个在互联网语境中"整顿职场"、拒绝内耗的00 后群体，居然也到了被"癌症"盯上的年纪。近年来20-40岁女性乳腺癌患病率年均增长3%-4%，年轻患 者不仅面临癌症本身的挑战，还常伴随焦虑抑郁、生育顾虑等特殊问题。 作为女性健康的主要威胁，乳腺癌的诊疗早已告别"一刀切"的单一模式，乳房重建手术、保乳手术，让 乳腺癌患者保乳率从过去不足20%到如今突破50%的跨越。这不仅意味着更多女性能在治好疾病的同 时，保住身体的完整，更说明如今的科学理念，已经从单纯"治病"，变成了"治人"，让每一位和病魔抗 争的女性，既能守住健康，更能留住尊严和自信。 乳腺癌发病呈现"双向增长" "我国40岁以下的年轻乳腺癌患者占比显著高于欧美国家，35岁以下的极年轻乳腺癌患者也不在少 数。"吴炅在直播中明确指出，虽然人口老龄化导 ...

Core Points - The article emphasizes that breast nodules are not diseases but rather a description of a condition, with most nodules being benign and malignant cases being rare [3][4]. Group 1: Understanding Breast Nodules - Breast nodules are a common concern, often discovered during self-examinations or medical check-ups, and they can appear as single or multiple lumps in one or both breasts [5][6]. - Symptoms associated with breast nodules may include localized pain, nipple discharge, skin changes, and swelling of nearby lymph nodes [6][8]. Group 2: Risk Factors - Genetic factors, such as a family history of breast cancer or carrying BRCA1/2 genes, increase the risk of developing breast nodules [11]. - Reproductive and hormonal history, including early menstruation, late menopause, and lack of childbirth, are also significant risk factors [12]. - Lifestyle choices, such as high sugar and fat diets, obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, and lack of exercise, contribute to the risk [14]. - Emotional stress and poor sleep patterns can lead to hormonal imbalances, increasing the likelihood of nodules [15][36]. Group 3: Self-Examination and Screening - Self-examination techniques are recommended, including visual inspection and tactile checks for lumps [16][19]. - Various screening methods, such as ultrasound and mammography, are essential for early detection of breast cancer and assessing nodules [24][25]. - BI-RADS classification is used to evaluate the risk of malignancy in detected nodules, with categories ranging from benign to highly suspicious [29][30]. Group 4: Management and Prevention - Regular check-ups and self-examinations are crucial for early detection and management of breast nodules [41]. - Maintaining a balanced diet, managing stress, and ensuring adequate sleep can help reduce the risk of developing nodules [37][40].

Core Viewpoint - Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women globally, with an increasing incidence rate, approximately 2.3 million new cases reported annually according to the World Health Organization [1] Group 1: Incidence and Demographics - The incidence of breast cancer is rising both globally and in China, with a notable increase in younger patients [3] - Breast cancer typically occurs more frequently in women around the ages of 55 to 60, with a secondary peak in women around 40 years old [3] - Younger breast cancer patients tend to experience faster disease progression and a higher likelihood of lymph node metastasis [3] Group 2: Symptoms and Self-Examination - The primary symptom of breast cancer is a breast lump, with about 80% of patients presenting with this symptom at diagnosis [5] - Most early-stage breast cancer patients do not exhibit obvious symptoms, making regular self-examination crucial [5] - Recommended self-examination frequency is once every one to two months, including visual checks for skin changes and nipple discharge [7] Group 3: Screening and Diagnosis - Due to the uncertainty of self-examinations, regular hospital screenings are essential, including ultrasound, mammography, MRI, and ductoscopy [9] - Early-stage breast cancer often presents with calcifications that are difficult to detect via ultrasound, necessitating mammography for accurate diagnosis [9] - It is advised that women over 40 undergo mammography screenings every one to two years, especially if abnormalities are detected on X-rays [11]

Core Viewpoint - The study reveals a mechanism of liver-breast metabolic communication that drives cancer progression, particularly highlighting the role of exosomes derived from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in promoting breast cancer development [9]. Group 1: Research Findings - Exosomes from fatty liver induce the release of free fatty acids in breast adipocytes, thereby promoting breast cancer progression [3][10]. - The study establishes a correlation between NAFLD and increased breast cancer risk in atypical hyperplasia individuals, as well as poor prognosis in breast cancer patients [4]. - The accumulation of fatty liver-derived exosomes in adipocytes contributes to the formation of a pro-tumor microenvironment in the breast [4]. Group 2: Mechanisms Involved - The targeting of adipocytes by exosomes is mediated by the interaction between ErbB4 and Nrg4 [4][10]. - TRMT10C in the exosomes is transferred to mitochondria, leading to m1A modification of mitochondrial mRNA, which suppresses the translation of ND5 and ND6, resulting in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and accelerated tumor progression [4][10]. Group 3: Prognostic Indicators - Plasma ErbB4-positive exosomes are identified as an independent prognostic indicator for breast cancer patients with NAFLD [5].

Core Insights - Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women, with 357,200 new cases reported in China in 2022, making it the second most prevalent malignant tumor among females [2] - Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) poses significant challenges, requiring long-term treatment and causing both physical pain and psychological stress for patients [2][17] - The emotional and psychological needs of breast cancer patients often go unrecognized, highlighting the importance of understanding their experiences [3] Group 1: Psychological Impact and Support - Many breast cancer patients experience feelings of incompleteness due to the loss of a breast, which can affect their self-image and societal perceptions of normalcy [4][5] - Self-blame is a common reaction among newly diagnosed patients, leading to increased anxiety and depression, with studies indicating that self-blame can exacerbate psychological distress [7][8][10] - Openly expressing emotions and seeking support from family and peers can significantly aid in coping with the disease, as hiding feelings may lead to increased isolation [11][13][15] Group 2: Quality of Life and Treatment Advances - Despite the challenges, breast cancer patients can still lead high-quality lives, as advancements in medical treatments have improved survival rates and options for managing the disease [18][19] - The psychological burden of breast cancer often correlates with physical symptoms, with a high prevalence of anxiety (84.1%) and depression (25.2%) among patients with advanced stages of the disease [17] - Innovative therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), are becoming more prevalent, providing targeted treatment options that can enhance patients' quality of life [18] Group 3: Family Dynamics and Communication - The impact of breast cancer extends beyond the individual, significantly affecting family dynamics and the roles of patients within their households [21] - Effective communication with children about the illness is crucial, as it can alleviate fears and misconceptions, helping to maintain a sense of stability in the family [24][26] - Maintaining routines and providing emotional support to children can help them adapt to changes brought about by a parent's illness, fostering a sense of security [27]

证券代码：600276 证券简称：恒瑞医药 公告编号：临 2025-016 江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司 关于药品临床试验进展的公告 本公司董事会及全体董事保证本公告内容不存在任何虚假记载、误导性陈述 或者重大遗漏，并对其内容的真实性、准确性和完整性承担法律责任。 近日，江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司（以下简称"公司"）自主研发的羟乙磺 酸达尔西利片联合内分泌治疗在激素受体（HR）阳性、人表皮生长因子受体 2 （HER2）阴性女性乳腺癌辅助治疗中的一项多中心、随机、双盲的Ⅲ期临床试验 （研究方案编号：SHR6390-Ⅲ-303），首次期中分析主要终点达到统计学显著性。 研究结果显示，达尔西利联合内分泌治疗，较安慰剂联合内分泌治疗，可显著降 低患者复发风险，提高患者无侵袭性疾病生存期（IDFS）[1]。公司已于近期向国 家药品监督管理局药品审评中心递交上市前沟通交流申请。 一、 药品的基本情况 药品名称：羟乙磺酸达尔西利片 剂型：片剂 二、 药品的临床试验情况 达尔西利已于国内获批两项适应症，即本品适用于激素受体（HR）阳性、人 表皮生长因子受体 2（HER2）阴性局部晚期或转移性乳腺癌患者：1.与芳香化酶 抑制剂联合使 ...