"都说秋冬要进补， 我哪知道会补出大问题！" 宁波大学附属人民医院（鄞州人民医院）甲乳外科病房里，58岁的李阿姨（化姓）刚做完乳腺结节切除手术，躺在病床上感慨万千。她没料到那个与自 己"和平共处"了整整20年的乳腺结节，竟因一场"温补养生"风暴，在短短几周内迅速增大，最终不得不走上手术台。 进补一个月 早在2005年的一次体检中，李阿姨就被查出左侧乳房有一个直径约5毫米的乳腺结节。多年随访，这个结节始终没有变化，不疼也不痒。 今年入秋后，随着气温骤降，李阿姨认为"年纪大了该好好补一补"，开始服用阿胶、蜂王浆，还炖起了雪蛤汤，每天早晚各一碗。"都是别人推荐的好东 西，能养颜抗衰，还能增强体质。"她回忆道。 没想到，不到一个月，她突然感觉左侧乳房胀痛，摸上去还能明显感觉到一个硬块。在家人的陪同下，她来到宁波大学附属人民医院（鄞州人民医院）甲 乳外科就诊。 接诊的医生详细问诊后安排超声检查，发现李阿姨的乳腺结节已从原来的5毫米增长到近18毫米，且边界不清、血流信号丰富，提示存在活跃增生甚至恶 变风险。在医生的建议下，李阿姨接受了乳腺结节切除手术。 医师正在查房 滋补品含有的类雌激素 成了结节的"燃料" 左乳长出一个 ...

Core Points - The article emphasizes that breast nodules are not diseases but rather a description of a condition, with most nodules being benign and malignant cases being rare [3][4]. Group 1: Understanding Breast Nodules - Breast nodules are a common concern, often discovered during self-examinations or medical check-ups, and they can appear as single or multiple lumps in one or both breasts [5][6]. - Symptoms associated with breast nodules may include localized pain, nipple discharge, skin changes, and swelling of nearby lymph nodes [6][8]. Group 2: Risk Factors - Genetic factors, such as a family history of breast cancer or carrying BRCA1/2 genes, increase the risk of developing breast nodules [11]. - Reproductive and hormonal history, including early menstruation, late menopause, and lack of childbirth, are also significant risk factors [12]. - Lifestyle choices, such as high sugar and fat diets, obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, and lack of exercise, contribute to the risk [14]. - Emotional stress and poor sleep patterns can lead to hormonal imbalances, increasing the likelihood of nodules [15][36]. Group 3: Self-Examination and Screening - Self-examination techniques are recommended, including visual inspection and tactile checks for lumps [16][19]. - Various screening methods, such as ultrasound and mammography, are essential for early detection of breast cancer and assessing nodules [24][25]. - BI-RADS classification is used to evaluate the risk of malignancy in detected nodules, with categories ranging from benign to highly suspicious [29][30]. Group 4: Management and Prevention - Regular check-ups and self-examinations are crucial for early detection and management of breast nodules [41]. - Maintaining a balanced diet, managing stress, and ensuring adequate sleep can help reduce the risk of developing nodules [37][40].

Group 1: Thyroid Nodules - The most common examination for thyroid nodules is thyroid ultrasound, which can diagnose the presence of nodules [1] - X-ray examination can observe whether there is calcification in thyroid nodules [1] - Thyroid nuclear scanning can determine whether the nodules are cold or hot [1] - Generally, if a thyroid nodule reaches grade 4, it requires specialist consultation and close follow-up, which involves increased frequency of specialized examinations rather than annual check-ups [1] Group 2: Breast Nodules - Breast ultrasound remains the first choice for screening breast nodules due to its non-invasive, painless, and radiation-free nature [3] - Mammography is effective in capturing microcalcifications and is suitable for women over 50 or those with less breast tissue as an additional examination [3] - According to ultrasound grading reports, if a nodule reaches grade 4, immediate specialist consultation is recommended [3] Group 3: Lung Nodules - Lung nodules refer to space-occupying lesions in the lung with a diameter of less than 3 centimeters, typically examined through chest X-rays and chest CT scans [5] - Chest X-rays can detect larger nodules, while nodules near the lung hilum may require chest CT for further evaluation [5] - Generally, solid nodules larger than 6 millimeters and ground-glass nodules larger than 8 millimeters are recommended for further evaluation [5]