Core Viewpoint - The increasing detection of thyroid nodules due to enhanced ultrasound technology and health check-ups raises concerns among individuals, despite most nodules being benign. There is a need for proper understanding and management of thyroid nodules, as many popular remedies circulating online may pose health risks [1][2]. Group 1: Types of Thyroid Nodules - Thyroid nodules are categorized into three types: solid nodules, cystic nodules, and mixed nodules. Solid nodules, which consist of follicular cell proliferation, generally do not disappear. Cystic nodules may shrink or disappear if the cystic fluid is absorbed by the body. Mixed nodules may reduce in size but will not completely vanish [2]. - Subacute thyroiditis can lead to nodules that may shrink or disappear after inflammation subsides [2]. Group 2: Risks of Popular Remedies - There are currently no specific medications to reduce or eliminate thyroid nodules. Popular remedies such as hot compresses and dandelion tea may carry health risks. For instance, hot compresses can increase blood supply to the nodules, potentially causing them to grow larger [2]. - Dandelion tea does not guarantee the elimination of nodules and may cause discomfort in individuals with certain health conditions. Other methods like massage, acupuncture, and scraping do not address the underlying issues of nodules [2]. Group 3: Treatment Options - Surgical intervention or radiofrequency ablation may be considered for malignant or suspicious nodules, large benign nodules causing symptoms, or specific thyroid conditions. A cytological diagnosis is necessary before considering radiofrequency ablation [5]. - Most benign thyroid nodules do not require medication if they are not associated with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. It is advised to avoid unverified remedies and to manage health scientifically with regular follow-ups [5].

Group 1 - The core issue of iodine deficiency remains a public health concern in China, with a significant portion of the population still lacking adequate iodine intake despite improvements over the years [2][4][3] - The recommended daily iodine intake for pregnant women is 230 micrograms, which is double that of adults, highlighting the importance of sufficient iodine during pregnancy to prevent developmental issues in infants [1][2] - The implementation of universal salt iodization has been effective in reducing the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders, with a reported iodized salt coverage rate of 94.8% and a suitable iodine nutrition status among pregnant women [3][4] Group 2 - Despite the progress made, there is a growing misconception among the public that iodine deficiency is no longer a concern, leading to increased consumption of non-iodized salt [4][6] - Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial for metabolism and overall health; a lack of iodine can lead to various health issues, including thyroid dysfunction [4][6] - Epidemiological studies indicate that iodine deficiency is a risk factor for thyroid nodules, and adequate iodine intake may help reduce the incidence of such conditions [7][6] Group 3 - The majority of salt consumed in China is from well and rock salt (87%), with iodized salt being the recommended option to meet iodine needs while also addressing sodium intake [8] - In coastal regions, despite the availability of iodine-rich foods like seaweed, the consumption frequency is low, making iodized salt a necessary source of iodine for residents [9][8] - The public health strategy of iodizing salt is recognized as a safe, effective, and low-cost method to ensure adequate iodine intake across the population [7][3]