金融开放即便没有严格的"条件论"和"次序论"，开放与改革也不能背离太远。 党的二十届四中全会紧紧围绕全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，对未来五年发 展作出顶层设计和战略擘画，是乘势而上、接续推进中国式现代化建设的又一次总动员、总部署。全会 审议通过的《建议》是指导"十五五"时期经济社会发展的纲领性文件，其部署的以下重点领域、关键环 节的改革对于人民币国际化行稳致远至关重要。 一是做强国内循环体系。 与"十四五"规划相比，"十五五"规划建议（下称《建议》）将"扩大高水平开放"的内容大幅前置，凸显 了我国以开放促改革促发展的决心和勇气。同时，在部署"扩大自主开放"时提出，要推进人民币国际 化，提升资本项目开放水平。开放水平越高，对改革的促进作用越大；反过来，开放水平越高，对改革 的要求也就越高。根据《建议》对于"十五五"时期我国面对战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因 素增多的发展环境的总体判断，以推进人民币国际化为重要目标的高水平开放更需要与聚焦消除制约高 质量发展体制机制障碍的深层次改革协调配套、整体推进，以更好统筹发展和安全。 新兴市场危机大都缘于改革滞后 我国奉行渐进式对外开放，目前已 ...

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a unified national market is essential for leveraging China's vast market advantages, building a high-level socialist market economy, and supporting the new development pattern [2][3]. Group 1: Significance of Advancing a Unified National Market - Advancing the unified national market is a strategic measure to unleash China's enormous domestic demand potential and promote sustained economic recovery [3]. - It is necessary to enhance the unity, openness, competitiveness, and orderliness of the market system to fully realize the potential of China's super-large market [5]. - The unified national market serves as a strategic support for constructing a new development pattern, facilitating smooth circulation of goods and resources, and enhancing international competitiveness [6]. Group 2: Unified Market Basic System - The core of the unified market basic system includes unified property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit systems to ensure uniformity of institutional rules nationwide [7]. - Strengthening the unified property rights protection system is crucial for the operation of the socialist market economy, particularly for non-public economic entities [7]. - Implementing a unified market access system is essential to eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation, ensuring equal access for all market entities [8]. Group 3: Unified Market Infrastructure - High-standard connectivity of market infrastructure is fundamental for the smooth flow and efficient allocation of goods and resources [10]. - Enhancing the modern logistics system and commercial circulation system is vital to reduce logistics and transaction costs, thereby improving market operation efficiency [10][11]. - The construction of a modern commercial circulation system is necessary to promote the integration of commerce and circulation, enhancing overall efficiency [11]. Group 4: Unified Government Behavior Standards - Standardizing government behavior is essential for maintaining fair competition in the market, particularly in areas like investment attraction and procurement [12]. - It is important to eliminate regulations that hinder the construction of a unified market and ensure fair competition in the bidding and procurement sectors [13][20]. Group 5: Unified Market Supervision and Law Enforcement - Establishing unified market supervision rules is crucial for creating a fair competitive market order and enhancing regulatory efficiency [14]. - Improving the effectiveness of market supervision through various methods, including big data and digital technologies, is necessary for advancing the unified national market [14][22]. Group 6: Unified Factor Resource Market - A unified factor resource market is essential for promoting the free flow and efficient allocation of production factors such as land, labor, capital, technology, and data [15]. - Developing a unified capital market and enhancing the interconnectivity of various financial infrastructures are critical for facilitating resource allocation [16]. Group 7: Expanding Domestic and International Openness - Continuous expansion of both domestic and international openness is fundamental for fostering competitive conditions in the unified national market [17]. - Promoting the integration of domestic and international markets will enhance the efficiency of resource allocation and support the new development pattern [21]. Group 8: Focus on Key Challenges - Addressing "involution" in competition, which leads to price wars rather than innovation, is essential for fostering a healthy competitive environment [19]. - Promoting the orderly exit of outdated production capacity and enhancing industry concentration are necessary for improving market efficiency [19].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a unified market foundation system is essential for the effective functioning of the market economy and resource allocation efficiency in China [3][4][5]. Summary by Sections Market Foundation System - The market foundation system is crucial for regulating market economic operations, as highlighted in the "Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of a National Unified Market" issued in March 2022 [3]. - The system has evolved alongside China's reform and opening-up, with significant laws such as the Company Law and Anti-Monopoly Law being established to support a unified market framework [4]. Current Challenges - Despite progress, there are still significant challenges, including regional disparities in market rules, local protectionism, and barriers to market entry for new industries [5][7]. - The lack of a comprehensive national legislative framework for social credit systems and other areas has led to difficulties in cross-regional collaboration [7]. Legal and Regulatory Framework - There is a need for a unified, transparent, and law-based market foundation system to eliminate barriers and enhance market vitality [5][8]. - The design of laws and regulations should focus on unity, precision, and foresight, particularly in emerging sectors like artificial intelligence and big data [8][10]. Enforcement and Supervision - Ensuring uniform enforcement and regulatory standards is vital for the effective implementation of the unified market foundation system [10][11]. - The establishment of a modern regulatory system that leverages technology is necessary to address issues of inconsistent enforcement and local protectionism [11][12]. Collaborative Support Systems - Building a collaborative support system across various sectors is essential for the successful implementation of the unified market foundation system [12][13]. - Coordination between competition policies and other regulatory frameworks is necessary to eliminate local protectionist policies and ensure fair competition [13][14]. Awareness and Governance - There is a need to address cognitive biases and promote a correct understanding of the relationship between local development and the national unified market [14][15]. - Enhancing the theoretical and policy understanding of local leaders is crucial for overcoming local protectionism and fostering a unified market environment [15].