来源：新华社 我是谁？我从哪里来？我要到哪里去？这些贯穿人类文明的终极之问，可以在古老化石中找到最鲜活的答案。通过亿万年的遗存，科研人员回 溯生命演化的足迹，努力破解地球的远古奥秘。 今年，我国古生物学界多点开花、捷报频传。从天空飞鸟到陆地生灵，从早期生命到人类先祖，一系列重大发现为全球演化研究书写下浓墨重 彩的"中国篇章"。 天穹寻踪：刷新演化历史 鸟类从恐龙演化而来，通过漫长的进化过程逐渐发展出羽毛和飞行能力。长久以来，生活在约1.5亿年前的始祖鸟，被视为最早的鸟类，而今 年的一项重磅发现改写了这一认知。 在福建政和，我国科研人员发现了一种全新的鸟类化石"政和八闽鸟"。它最特殊的地方，在于尾椎减少、具有愈合的尾综骨。尾骨缩短是恐龙 向鸟类演化中最彻底的形态变化之一，这一发现将现代鸟类的身体构型出现时间，向前推进了近2000万年，证明在恐龙称霸的侏罗纪时期，鸟 类演化的关键进程已然开启。 政和八闽鸟和政和动物群生态复原图。（中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所供图） 与此同时，中美两国科研人员合作发现的一件始祖鸟新标本"芝加哥标本"，以其保存完好的骨骼、软组织及羽毛等细节，为恐龙到鸟类演化关 键期的头骨演化和 ...

比如，在银行业股票估值最低的2022年到2023年，市场上有大量的流言，说银行的基本面靠不住，因 为"贷了太多款给房地产行业"，风险太大。 但是打开当时银行的半年报、年报就会发现：其中清清楚楚地披露着给房地产行业的贷款占比——通常 不到总资产的10%。但是，绝大多数投资者宁可相信流言，却不相信银行报表。 再比如，不少投资者会说，中美贸易冲突导致上市公司的港口业务受到巨大影响。其实，仔细看港口公 司的公告就会发现，美国方向的吞吐量只占行业总吞吐量的5%左右，根本无伤大雅。但是，流言仍然 比事实影响了更多的投资者。 记得还有一次，出版行业的股票受到了流言的影响，认为"AI的崛起会大幅降低图书的编辑成本"，于是 股票价格暴涨。 （原标题：股市"小作文"为何屡屡得逞？| 猫猫看市） 在资本市场工作久了，会发现一个很有趣的现象：大多数投资者总是更容易受到流言（或称"小作文"） 的侵扰，但是对一些写在公告里的数据和事实却往往视而不见。 毕竟，在原始人类生存的简单环境中，欺骗自己的族人并不会带来太多利益，超小的社会团体（最多几 百人）也会让说谎者无所藏身。所以，在绝大多数情况下，人们是可以直接相信身边人的话，而索要直 接证 ...

Core Insights - The research led by Ni Xijun reconstructs the skull fossil of "Yunxian Man 2" and establishes a new evolutionary tree for the genus Homo, shedding light on the origins of the Dragon Man and Denisovans [1][8]. Group 1: Relationship with Modern Humans - The Yunxian Man is closely related to modern humans, sharing a common ancestor approximately 1 million years ago [2][3]. - The Dragon Man branch is more closely related to modern humans than the Neanderthal branch, which was previously thought to be a sister group to Homo sapiens [3][8]. Group 2: Classification of Denisovans - Denisovans are classified as part of the Dragon Man branch, although they are often considered an independent group due to limited fossil evidence [4][5]. - The classification of Denisovans remains debated, as they lack a formally recognized species name and are primarily identified through DNA fragments [4][5]. Group 3: Methodology and Technological Advances - The study introduces a novel approach to fossil reconstruction, focusing on assessing the potential inaccuracies in the reconstruction process rather than solely on precision [9][13]. - A statistical method was employed to analyze the stability of the evolutionary tree despite potential errors in the reconstruction, demonstrating a significant technical breakthrough [13][14]. Group 4: Fossil Significance - The age of the Yunxian Man fossil, estimated at 1 million years, is crucial for understanding the divergence of Homo sapiens from other branches [8][9]. - The research emphasizes the rarity of well-preserved fossils from this time period, making the Yunxian Man a unique specimen for evolutionary studies [8][9]. Group 5: Future Research Directions - The research team is open to further analysis and validation of their findings by other researchers using their publicly available database [32][34]. - There is potential for applying the new methodologies to other species, although challenges remain in reconstructing fossils that lack extensive data [30][31].

Core Insights - The research confirms that the Denisovans belong to the Dragon Man lineage, significantly altering the timeline of human evolution [1][2] - The study reveals that the divergence time of modern humans, Neanderthals, and Dragon Man is much earlier than previously accepted, suggesting a more complex evolutionary history [2] Group 1: Research Findings - The "Yunxian Man 2" skull, discovered in Hubei, exhibits both primitive and advanced features, indicating a transitional form in human evolution [1] - The analysis shows that Yunxian Man is not a representative of Homo erectus but closely related to the Denisovans, marking it as an early representative of the Dragon Man lineage [2] Group 2: Implications for Human Evolution - The study constructs a new evolutionary tree for the genus Homo, aligning with genomic research and suggesting that human ancestors had already diverged into multiple independent groups over a million years ago [2] - This research provides a crucial link for understanding East Asian ancient human evolution and prompts a reevaluation of the entire evolutionary family tree of the genus Homo [2]

Core Insights - Recent studies by the Chinese Academy of Sciences have revealed new findings about human evolution and the evolutionary pathways of early mammals, utilizing advanced technologies to analyze ancient fossils [1][2][7]. Group 1: Human Evolution - The research on the Yuncheng Man skull, dated to approximately 1 million years ago, has clarified the human evolutionary lineage, indicating that multiple human groups had already diverged by that time [2][4]. - The study reconstructed the skull and identified features that suggest it belongs to an early representative of the Dragon Man lineage rather than Homo erectus, challenging previous classifications [2][4]. - The findings propose that the divergence of Homo sapiens, Dragon Man, and Neanderthals occurred earlier than previously recorded, thus reshaping the timeline of human evolution [2][4]. Group 2: Early Mammal Evolution - The research on the Sichuan Zizhong multi-toothed beast fossil, dating back 160 to 168 million years, has uncovered a unique jaw joint structure that indicates a significant evolutionary transition from reptiles to mammals [5][6]. - The study suggests that the multi-toothed beast's jaw joint adaptation was crucial for its burrowing lifestyle, providing insights into the evolutionary mechanisms of jaw structures in early mammals [5][6]. - Another fossil, the Lufeng quadruped from the early Jurassic period, has been identified as a transitional form in jaw joint evolution, filling gaps in the understanding of vertebrate evolution [6]. Group 3: Technological Innovations - Advanced technologies such as high-precision CT scanning and 3D reconstruction have been employed to analyze and reconstruct ancient fossils, enhancing the understanding of their morphology and evolutionary significance [7]. - The application of new statistical methods and high-resolution imaging has allowed researchers to validate their findings and improve the accuracy of fossil reconstructions [7]. - The ongoing use of innovative techniques is expected to continue revealing insights from previously dormant fossils, further enriching the understanding of life's history [8].

Core Viewpoint - A newly analyzed ancient human skull fossil, approximately 1 million years old, challenges traditional human evolution theories, revealing a new evolutionary branch closely related to the Denisovans, named "Longren" (Homo longi) [2][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - The research led by Ni Xijun from the Chinese Academy of Sciences indicates that the divergence time of modern humans, Neanderthals, and the Longren branch has been significantly pushed forward, surpassing previous academic consensus [2][5]. - The skull fossil, known as "Yunxian Man 2," was discovered in Hubei Province in 1990 and was initially classified as Homo erectus due to its damaged state at the time of discovery [3][4]. - The reconstructed skull exhibits a blend of primitive and advanced features, with a brain capacity exceeding 1100 milliliters, indicating a complex evolutionary history [4][5]. Group 2: Methodology - The research team utilized high-precision CT scanning and surface scanning technologies to identify features of the fossil, followed by innovative digital reconstruction methods to piece together the skull [4]. - A new statistical framework was developed to validate the reconstruction results, addressing a long-standing challenge in paleobiology [4]. Group 3: Implications - The findings suggest that the Yunxian Man is an early representative of the Longren branch, indicating that human ancestors had already diverged into multiple independent evolutionary groups as early as 1 million years ago [5]. - The research provides clarity on the evolutionary timeline between 1 million and 300,000 years ago, highlighting the complexity of human origins [5].

Core Insights - Recent studies by the Chinese Academy of Sciences have unveiled new findings from ancient fossils, shedding light on human evolution and the evolutionary pathways of early mammals [1][3][5] Group 1: Human Evolution - The research on the Yuncheng Man skull, dated to approximately 1 million years ago, has revealed that it is not a representative of Homo erectus but rather an early member of the Dragon Man lineage, suggesting that human ancestors had already diversified into multiple groups by that time [3][4] - The study has redefined the timeline of human evolution, indicating that the divergence of Homo sapiens, Dragon Man, and Neanderthals occurred earlier than previously recorded [4][5] Group 2: Mammalian Evolution - The study of the Sichuan Ziguang multi-toothed beast fossil, dating back 160 to 168 million years, has provided insights into the evolution of jaw joints, showing a unique "tooth bone-cheekbone" joint that offers stability and strength similar to modern mammals [5][7] - Another fossil, the Lufeng curved bone beast from the early Jurassic period, has been identified as a transitional form in jaw joint evolution, filling a gap in understanding the evolutionary mechanisms of vertebrates [7][8] Group 3: Technological Innovations - Advanced technologies such as high-precision CT scanning and 3D reconstruction have been employed to analyze and reconstruct ancient fossils, allowing researchers to uncover new details and validate their findings through extensive simulations [8][9] - The integration of these technologies has revitalized the study of long-dormant fossils, enhancing the understanding of life's history [10]

Core Viewpoint - The research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has identified a new evolutionary branch related to the mysterious Denisovans, named "Longren" (Homo longi), based on a skull fossil dated to approximately 1 million years ago, significantly advancing the timeline of human evolution [1][7]. Group 1: Research Findings - The skull fossil, known as "Yunxian Man 2," was discovered in Hubei Province in 1990 and was initially classified as a Homo erectus due to its severe damage and deformation at the time of discovery [3][5]. - Advanced techniques such as high-precision CT scanning and structured light surface scanning were employed to reconstruct the skull, revealing a blend of primitive and advanced features, with a brain capacity exceeding 1100 milliliters [5][7]. - The findings suggest that human ancestors had already diverged into multiple independent evolutionary groups as early as 1 million years ago, indicating a more complex evolutionary history than previously understood [7][8]. Group 2: Implications for Human Evolution - The study clarifies the evolutionary timeline between 1 million and 300,000 years ago, highlighting the complexity and diversity of early human species [8]. - The Longren branch is closely related to modern humans, indicating that many Middle Pleistocene human fossils from Asia can be classified under this lineage, including those from various archaeological sites [7].

Core Insights - The 2025 Yuanmou Forum was held to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the discovery of Yuanmou Man, focusing on the theme of promoting cultural relics activation and stimulating new momentum in the cultural tourism industry [1][2] - Experts discussed human migration origins, Paleolithic archaeology, site value transformation, and digital innovation in cultural heritage [1] - The forum aims to establish a national academic platform for promoting the exploration of Chinese civilization and enhancing public cultural services through the Yuanmou Man site park [1] Group 1: Forum Highlights - The forum featured the unveiling of the "Yuanmou Workstation," a key research base for the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, and the opening ceremony of the Yuanmou Man Archaeological Site Park [2] - Expert discussions included topics such as human evolution during the Ice Age, environmental changes, and the new dynamics of cultural tourism economy related to the Yuanmou Man site [2] Group 2: Expert Contributions - Experts emphasized the importance of the Yuanmou Man and its culture in reconstructing the history of human origins in East Asia, highlighting the need for a research center and archaeological park [1] - The Good Museum's approach to cultural heritage activation through value excavation and multi-dimensional promotion was shared, showcasing successful academic research and social benefits [1] - Recommendations were made for national archaeological site park construction to focus on heritage protection, archaeological research, international exchange, and cultural transmission, alongside efforts for heritage application [1]