来源：科技日报 科技日报记者 崔爽 12月5日，在中国考古博物馆举办的"球幕影院超高清视界焕新暨二里头遗址数字影片发布会"上，3D球 幕影片《考古遗址中的文明——二里头》正式上线。这部采用AI+8K+3D等数字技术的影片，带领观众 穿越3800年时空，见证"最早中国"的文明图景。 该片为中国联通与中国考古博物馆联合推出的"中华文明元宇宙展示3D球幕系列"第二部作品，首部作 品《考古遗址中的文明——陶寺》于去年推出。 值得一提的是，此次合作中，中国考古博物馆对球幕影院进行了全面升级。全新搭载的直径约16米的 LED透声球幕，以8K超高清分辨率和HDR 10Bit色彩，结合三维全景声系统，实现真正的身临其境。 为更好地呈现这一重大考古成果，联通在线广州公司（联通沃音乐文化有限公司）团队深入遗址现场， 充分发挥5G、AI等优势，运用扩展现实、三维建模、裸眼3D等前沿手段，对遗址和文物进行毫米级数 字化扫描和复原。基于共同的文化使命，双方通过"科技+文化"的"加法"，迸发出"乘法"效应。 中国联通表示，希望与中国考古博物馆继续并肩，将"中华文明元宇宙展示3D球幕系列"打造成持续创 新的文化IP，通过数字技术，让收藏在 ...

Core Insights - The discovery and excavation of the Zhengzhou Shang City site have significantly advanced the understanding of early Shang civilization, marking its 70th anniversary this year [5][6][12] - The site has transitioned from being an underground heritage to a vibrant cultural landmark, integrating historical preservation with modern urban life [4][22] Archaeological Findings - The Zhengzhou Shang City site features a massive city layout with a wall structure nearly 7 kilometers long, predating the Anyang Yin Ruins [6][12] - Recent excavations have uncovered the largest storage facilities from the early Shang period, with 17 newly discovered long rectangular earthen foundations [8] - The site has revealed the most extensive water system from the early Shang, indicating advanced planning and functionality [9][11] - New findings include bronze casting workshops, challenging previous assumptions about the distribution of such facilities [9][12] Cultural and Historical Significance - The Zhengzhou site is crucial for understanding the transition between the Xia and Shang dynasties, serving as a key archaeological link [12][15] - The site has provided substantial evidence for the existence of a significant political entity before the Shang dynasty, supporting the historical narrative of the Xia dynasty [17] - The discovery of the site has filled gaps in the archaeological record between the Erlitou culture and the Yin Ruins, establishing a continuous historical narrative [15][17] Public Engagement and Development - The establishment of the Zhengzhou Shang City National Archaeological Park and the museum has facilitated public engagement with the site [19][21] - Innovative educational programs have attracted over 13,000 participants, enhancing community interaction with the archaeological heritage [21] - The integration of cultural heritage into urban development is seen in the revitalization of historical areas, promoting tourism and local culture [22][23]

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Summer Cultural Forum held in Zhoukou highlights the significance of archaeological findings in understanding the formation of Chinese civilization, particularly during the Xia Dynasty, which is crucial for the 5000-year history of Chinese civilization [1] Group 1: Archaeological Achievements - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Henan Province has made significant archaeological discoveries, including 12 major findings that were published on the National Cultural Heritage Administration's "Archaeological China" platform [2] - Henan has led the nation with a total of 55 projects recognized as national top ten archaeological discoveries, reflecting the central role of the Central Plains in the development of Chinese civilization [2] Group 2: Key Archaeological Sites - The Gongyi Shuanghuashu site, dating back approximately 5300 years, is a significant settlement from the Yangshao culture, providing critical materials for understanding the origins of Chinese civilization [3] - The Erlitou site is identified as the late capital of the Xia Dynasty and has been repeatedly recognized as a top archaeological discovery [3] - The Huaiyang Shizhuang site is the earliest known granary city from the Xia Dynasty, offering valuable insights into early state grain storage and management [3] - The Zhengzhou Shangdu Shuyuan Street cemetery represents the highest status noble burial site discovered in the early Shang Dynasty [3] Group 3: Ongoing Archaeological Initiatives - Henan Province has conducted over 7500 archaeological exploration projects and more than 1300 excavation projects during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, leading to numerous important discoveries [4] - The province's "archaeology first, then land transfer" policy has set a national precedent, influencing the newly revised "Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" [4] - Future plans include advancing archaeological reforms and enhancing research capabilities to promote the study of Chinese civilization and achieve high-quality development in archaeology [4]

Core Points - The Liangzhu Ancient City site has been officially listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, recognized as a testament to 5,000 years of Chinese civilization and a treasure of world civilization [1][3] - The site has implemented advanced protection systems using new technologies and traditional culture to enhance economic and social development [1][4] - The Liangzhu Forum has been established as a platform for cultural exchange and dialogue, promoting the understanding and appreciation of Chinese civilization [1][13] Group 1: Heritage Protection and Research - The Liangzhu site is utilizing plant essential oils as a "skincare product" to inhibit moss growth, which can damage the site [3][4] - A new laboratory dedicated to the protection of earthen sites in humid environments is set to open in 2024, enhancing preservation efforts [3][4] - Recent archaeological findings at the site include over 20 water dams and four north-south earth mounds, showcasing the social mobilization capabilities of the Liangzhu civilization [4][5] Group 2: Cultural and Economic Development - The Liangzhu cultural corridor is being developed, integrating various cultural and creative projects, with 74 key cultural projects launched this year [9][13] - The local economy is benefiting from the cultural heritage, with over 1,500 enterprises established in the Liangzhu New Town, contributing to the digital cultural industry [8][9] - The Liangzhu culture has inspired numerous creative products, with hundreds of items available across various categories, enhancing local cultural identity [9][10] Group 3: International Collaboration and Dialogue - The Liangzhu site has engaged in international dialogue with other world heritage sites, promoting cultural exchange and understanding [11][12] - The Liangzhu Forum has become a significant platform for civilizational dialogue among countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative [13] - The Liangzhu culture is increasingly recognized globally, serving as a window for the dissemination of Chinese culture [13]

Core Insights - The Peking University Sackler Museum of Archaeology and Art serves as a modern museum and a specialized archaeological museum, showcasing over 13,000 artifacts that reflect the history of archaeology at Peking University since its establishment in 1993 [1][2] - The museum features a special exhibition commemorating the 100-year history of archaeology at Peking University, highlighting significant milestones and contributions to the field [1][2] Group 1: Historical Development - The Archaeology Research Office was established at Peking University in 1922, marking the beginning of modern archaeology in China, with Ma Heng as its first director [2] - In 1952, Peking University founded the first archaeology program in Chinese higher education, which later developed the "Peking Model" of field archaeology training [2][5] Group 2: Academic Contributions - The Archaeology Department has expanded its academic disciplines to include religious archaeology, ceramic archaeology, and environmental archaeology, among others, contributing to the understanding of human culture and the origins of Chinese civilization [2][5] - Notable archaeologists associated with Peking University include Ma Heng, Xiang Da, and Su Bingqi, who have significantly influenced the field over the past century [2] Group 3: Recent Achievements - Peking University has participated in 39 archaeological projects that received national recognition, with 16 projects included in the "Top 100 Archaeological Discoveries of the Century" [5][8] - Recent excavations, such as those at the Sanxingdui site and the Zhouyuan site, have provided critical insights into the development of early Chinese cities and metallurgy [5][8] Group 4: Future Outlook - The Peking University Archaeology Department aims to continue its role in exploring and preserving Chinese civilization, as emphasized by the department head, Shen Ruiwen, who stated that the responsibility is "unavoidable" [8]

Core Insights - The Peking University Sackler Museum of Archaeology and Art serves as a modern museum and a specialized archaeological museum, showcasing over 13,000 artifacts that reflect the history of archaeology at Peking University since its establishment in 1993 [1][2] Group 1: Historical Development - The Archaeology Research Office was established at Peking University in 1922, marking the beginning of modern archaeology in China, with Ma Heng as its first director [1][2] - In 1952, Peking University established the first archaeology program in Chinese higher education, which later developed the "Peking Model" of field archaeology training [2][3] Group 2: Academic Contributions - The Archaeology Department has expanded its academic fields to include religious archaeology, ceramic archaeology, and environmental archaeology, contributing to significant research on the origins of modern humans and the early development of Chinese civilization [2][3] - Notable archaeologists associated with Peking University include Ma Heng, Xiang Da, and Su Bingqi, who have collectively contributed to the field over the past century [2] Group 3: Recent Achievements - Peking University has participated in 39 archaeological projects recognized as "Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries" in China, with 16 projects included in the "Top 100 Archaeological Discoveries of the Century" [5] - Recent excavations, such as those at the Sanxingdui site and the Zhouyuan site, have provided critical insights into the development of Chinese civilization and urbanization during the Zhou dynasty [3][5] Group 4: Future Outlook - The Peking University Archaeology Department is committed to continuing its role in the exploration of Chinese civilization and cultural heritage preservation, as emphasized by the department head, Shen Ruiwen [5]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the continuous and evolving nature of Chinese civilization, highlighting archaeological discoveries that reflect the early concepts of "China" and its cultural significance [2][3][5]. Group 1: Archaeological Discoveries - The Shanxi Xiangfen Taosi site has yielded the earliest known astronomical instrument, the gnomon, dating back approximately 4,300 to 4,000 years, showcasing early Chinese civilization's understanding of time and space [3][4]. - The Henan Yanshi Erlitou site is noted for the discovery of a turquoise dragon-shaped artifact, which is considered a significant representation of early Chinese royal power and craftsmanship, dating back around 3,800 to 3,500 years [6][7][8]. - The Shaanxi Baoji He Zun, a bronze ritual vessel from the early Western Zhou period, contains the earliest known written record of the term "China," indicating the political and cultural significance of the term during that era [9][10]. Group 2: Cultural Significance - The concept of "China" evolved from a geographical notion to a cultural identity, as seen in the inscriptions and artifacts that reflect the integration of various cultural elements during the Zhou dynasty [10][11]. - The Hubei Wuhan Museum's Five-Breasted Divine Beast Mirror features the phrase "Chinese people," marking it as one of the earliest known instances of this term in physical artifacts, reflecting societal values and aspirations during the Han dynasty [13][14]. - The Xinjiang "Five Stars" woven armguard, discovered in the Niya site, illustrates the historical interactions and cultural exchanges among different ethnic groups in ancient China, emphasizing the unity and diversity of the Chinese civilization [15][16][17].

Core Insights - The Shimao archaeological site in northern Shaanxi, China, is revealing significant insights into the origins and development of Chinese civilization, with discoveries dating back over 4,000 years [1][2]. Archaeological Discoveries - The Shimao site features a large prehistoric city with a complex structure including a royal city, inner city, and outer city, covering an area of over 4 million square meters [2]. - Notable findings include a large stone sculpture with a divine face, which symbolizes a connection between the human and supernatural realms, reflecting the cultural identity of the Shimao people [2][4]. - The site has yielded a vast number of exquisite jade artifacts, despite being located in a region not known for jade production, indicating a unique cultural practice of embedding jade within the stone walls [4][6]. Cultural Significance - The discoveries at Shimao have led to new understandings of prehistoric Chinese civilization, with scholars proposing that it may have been the capital of the pre-Xia dynasty or a settlement of the Yellow Emperor's tribe [7]. - Advanced techniques in archaeology, including the use of MR holographic technology, have been employed to visualize and present the findings, enhancing public engagement with the site [7]. Tourism and Heritage - The Shimao site has been included in the "Preliminary List of World Cultural Heritage" in China, and the establishment of the Shimao Museum and National Archaeological Site Park is attracting tourists [7].

Core Viewpoint - University museums are increasingly recognized as important cultural and educational institutions, serving both academic and public interests while enhancing the educational experience for students and the community [2][3][4][5][6][8]. Group 1: Role and Impact of University Museums - University museums provide specialized public cultural services and have become a "second classroom" on campuses, leveraging academic resources to enhance education and cultural development [2][3]. - The Xi'an Jiaotong University Westward Migration Museum integrates historical narratives into the "Big Ideological and Political Course," hosting over 30 themed exhibitions to engage audiences with the Westward Migration story [4]. - The Sichuan University Museum, with over 80,000 historical artifacts, collaborates with academic research to deepen the understanding of cultural heritage and supports archaeological projects [5][6]. Group 2: Educational and Cultural Significance - University museums utilize modern technology to create immersive experiences, enhancing student engagement with Chinese civilization and culture [6]. - The Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Museum showcases significant achievements in China's aerospace history, inspiring students through exhibits like the "Beijing One" aircraft and the "Fengru Three" drone [8][9]. - Specialized university museums, such as the Electronic Science Museum at the University of Electronic Science and Technology, present collections that reflect advancements in their respective fields, serving as auxiliary classrooms for professional learning [9].

Core Insights - The Shimao site in Shaanxi plays a significant role in the exploration of Chinese civilization, showcasing a variety of artifacts such as stone sculptures, jade artifacts, and bone needles, which highlight the richness of prehistoric culture [1][3][5] Archaeological Significance - The Shimao site, established around 2300 BC and abandoned by 1800 BC, is recognized as the largest known prehistoric city in China, featuring a 10-kilometer stone wall and divided into three parts: the royal city, inner city, and outer city [7] - The unique practice of embedding jade artifacts within the city walls is believed to be a form of protective ritual, reflecting the inhabitants' desire for stability and security [7][8] Cultural Artifacts - The site is renowned for its jade artifacts, including a recently discovered eagle-patterned jade axe, which provides valuable insights into the cultural beliefs of the Shimao people [8][10] - Various stone carvings, including human and animal figures, demonstrate the Shimao people's understanding of nature and their artistic skills, with some carvings resembling characters from oracle bone inscriptions [10][12] Ongoing Research and Mysteries - Despite the wealth of cultural relics, many questions remain regarding the origins, customs, and the reasons for the abandonment of the Shimao site, indicating that further archaeological research may yield new insights [14][15]