2025.12. 14 本文字数：2898，阅读时长大约5分钟 作者 | 第一财经 杜川 11月金融数据显示出企业票据冲量、居民需求疲软、对公信贷投放季节性回升的显著分化特征。 当月新增人民币贷款3900亿元，同比少增1900亿元，不及市场预期。结构上，企业部门虽发挥"压舱 石"作用，但主要依赖票据融资和短期贷款拉动，中长期贷款同比少增；居民部门信贷需求进一步走 弱，贷款减少2063亿元，同比多减4763亿元；与此同时，M1-M2负剪刀差扩大至-3.1%，非银存款 增长年内规律也被打破。 居民短贷、中长贷双弱 数据显示，11月新增人民币贷款3900亿元，同比少增1900亿元，显著低于市场预期。票据融资增加 3342亿元，同比增加2119亿元，环比减少1664亿元。票据冲量背后，是信贷需求的持续疲软以及实 体有效融资需求的不足。 尽管整体数据不及预期，但企业部门依然发挥信贷投放"压舱石"作用。11月企（事）业单位贷款增加 6100亿元，同比增加3600亿元，环比增加2600亿元。其中，企业短期贷款增加1000亿元，同比、环 比分别增加1100亿元、2900亿元；企业中长贷增加1700亿元，同比减少400亿元，环 ...

Core Insights - The European Central Bank (ECB) survey indicates that corporate credit demand has been weak but showed an increase in the second quarter, with expectations for further growth in the third quarter [1] Group 1: Credit Demand Trends - Corporate credit demand was initially weak but has seen a rise in the second quarter [1] - There are expectations for continued growth in credit demand in the third quarter [1]

Investment Rating - The report indicates a positive outlook for the industry, suggesting a focus on potential investment opportunities following the "Two Sessions" policy signals [3]. Core Insights - The manufacturing sector has returned to an expansion phase, with a PMI of 50.2 in February 2025, indicating improved production and new orders [8]. - The construction industry has shown significant improvement, with a PMI of 52.7 in February 2025, driven by post-holiday resumption of work and supportive fiscal policies [13]. - There has been a notable increase in corporate credit demand, with new RMB loans reaching 4.78 trillion yuan in January 2025, reflecting a recovery in the real economy [16]. - The government work report highlights a commitment to maintaining a GDP growth target of around 5% for 2025, alongside a historic high fiscal deficit rate of 4% [27][28]. Summary by Sections 1. Manufacturing Sector Recovery - The manufacturing PMI rose to 50.2 in February 2025, with production and new orders indices at 52.5 and 51.1 respectively, indicating a return to expansion [8]. - Export orders have improved, with a new export orders index at 48.6, suggesting better-than-expected export performance despite tariff impacts [8]. 2. Significant Growth in Corporate Credit - In January 2025, the new social financing scale reached 7.06 trillion yuan, with new RMB loans contributing significantly to this growth [16]. - The increase in corporate credit demand is attributed to enhanced confidence in the economy and supportive government policies [23]. 3. Government Work Report Highlights - The report sets a GDP growth target of 5% for 2025, maintaining consistency with previous years [27]. - The fiscal deficit rate is set to rise to 4% in 2025, reflecting a strong commitment to fiscal expansion [28]. - The government plans to increase the special bond quota to 4.4 trillion yuan in 2025, with a focus on infrastructure and debt resolution [29].