Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implementation of the second phase of the solvency regulatory framework in China's insurance industry, focusing on the concept of future policy surplus as a key indicator of a company's future profitability [1][2]. Group 1: Future Policy Surplus - The future policy surplus is introduced under the second phase of solvency regulations and is crucial for assessing a company's future profitability [1]. - The future policy surplus is defined as the difference between accounting reserves and solvency reserves, adjusted for potential tax provisions and cash value guarantees [2]. - As of 2024, the future policy surplus for 66 insurance companies is projected to be 2.26 trillion, accounting for 8.8% of total assets, a decrease of approximately 150 billion from the end of 2022 [14]. Group 2: Impact of Accounting Standards - Starting in 2023, insurance companies began implementing the new accounting standard IFRS 17, which affects how insurance reserves are reported [3]. - The article highlights the importance of consistency in reporting deferred tax liabilities (DTL) and actual capital across different accounting standards [7][8]. - Companies that do not maintain consistency in their reporting may face challenges in validating their solvency reports [9]. Group 3: Analysis of Companies - The article provides a detailed analysis of various insurance companies, noting that the future policy surplus varies significantly among them, with some companies like AIA Life exceeding 15% of total assets [14]. - The article identifies that companies with a high proportion of participating insurance products tend to have lower future policy surplus compared to traditional insurance products [16]. - The future policy surplus for major players like China Life and Ping An has shown a noticeable decline, attributed to their historical focus on participating insurance products [15]. Group 4: Factors Influencing Future Policy Surplus - The decline in future policy surplus can be attributed to several factors, including a high proportion of participating insurance, adjustments in risk premiums, and changes in actuarial assumptions [19]. - Conversely, an increase in future policy surplus may result from a lower proportion of participating insurance and the successful generation of new business [19][22]. - The article emphasizes that the future policy surplus is a critical indicator but does not fully reflect a company's overall asset-liability management (ALM) status [16].