来源 | 华尔街见闻 黄金市场的游戏规则已经改变。黄金不再仅仅是央行的游戏，私营部门的巨鲸们正在入场，并且他们是为了对冲"全球政策风险"而来。 据追风交易台消息，高盛全球投资研究部商品团队分析师Daan Struyven与Lina Thomas在1月21日的报告中，将2026年12月黄金目标价 上调至5400美元/盎司（此前为4900美元）。上调预测的核心理由并不新奇：央行买金仍强；美联储降息有利ETF；地缘与政策不确定性提 升避险需求。 真正"改变预测起点"的，是他们此前反复提示的一个上行风险正在落地——私人部门对冲与配置黄金的需求开始显性化，而且 更"黏"（sticky）：买进后不容易在短期内撤出，抬高了金价中枢。 从 " 央 行 主 导 " 到 " 央 行 + 私 人 部 门 抢 金 " 高盛把过去三年的上涨拆成两段： 2023-2024 ：央行买金驱动的稳步上行 在俄央行外汇储备被冻结事件之后，央行（尤其新兴市场）对"储备资产的中立性/可用性"重新评估，增配黄金推动金价分别实现 较大年度涨幅。 宏观政策型对冲 （例如财政可持续性、货币纪律与长期通胀风险、全球政策不确定性）更难在短期被"解决"，因此对冲 ...

Core Viewpoint - Goldman Sachs has raised its gold price target for December 2026 to $5,400 per ounce from a previous forecast of $4,900, driven by strong central bank demand, favorable conditions for ETFs due to potential Fed rate cuts, and increased safe-haven demand amid geopolitical and policy uncertainties [1][2][4]. Group 1: Demand Drivers - The report identifies a shift from central bank-driven demand to a combination of central bank and private sector demand for gold, with private sector hedging becoming more pronounced and sticky [1][4]. - The forecast for gold price increases is divided into two phases: 2023-2024 driven by central bank purchases, and a significant acceleration in 2025 due to competition for limited bullion between central banks and private investors [2][6]. - Central banks are expected to purchase approximately 60 tons of gold monthly in 2026, contributing about 14 percentage points to the price increase, with a long-term trend of emerging market central banks diversifying their reserves [7]. Group 2: Private Sector Influence - The private sector's role is highlighted as crucial, with high-net-worth families increasing their physical gold purchases and investors using options as hedging tools, which are harder to quantify [2][4]. - The report emphasizes that the "sticky hedges" from private sector demand will likely remain in place through 2026, supporting a higher baseline for gold prices rather than a temporary spike [9][10]. Group 3: Price Dynamics and Risks - The report outlines that 17% of the expected price increase is attributed to central bank and ETF demand, while the sticky hedges from the private sector help maintain a higher price level [7][9]. - Key signals to monitor for potential price peaks include the sustainability of central bank gold purchases, the Fed's monetary policy direction, and the resolution of macroeconomic uncertainties [11][12][13].

Core Viewpoint - The rules of the gold market have changed, with private sector investors entering the market to hedge against global policy risks, leading to a significant upward revision of gold price targets by Goldman Sachs from $4,900 to $5,400 per ounce for the year [1] Group 1: Market Dynamics - The competition for physical gold is intensifying as central banks and private capital vie for limited supplies, accelerating the upward trend in gold prices [2] - In 2023 and 2024, gold prices are expected to rise by 15% and 26% respectively, primarily driven by panic buying from central banks following the freezing of Russian reserves [2] - By 2025, gold prices are projected to surge by 67%, as central banks are no longer the sole major buyers, leading to increased competition with private investors [2] Group 2: Investment Behavior - Analysts note a significant increase in physical gold purchases by high-net-worth families and a surge in bullish options buying, contributing to the upward pressure on gold prices [4] - The gap between actual gold prices and Goldman Sachs' traditional model predictions has widened since 2025, indicating a shift in buying behavior [4] - The demand for new hedging tools against global macro policy risks has surged, reflecting a change in investor sentiment [4] Group 3: Price Projections - Goldman Sachs forecasts a 17% increase in gold prices by the end of 2026, with emerging market central banks' diversification contributing 14 percentage points to this growth [5] - The average monthly gold purchases by central banks are expected to remain high at 60 tons, significantly above the pre-2022 average of 17 tons [5] - A return of funds to Western ETFs, driven by anticipated Fed rate cuts, is expected to contribute an additional 3 percentage points to gold price increases [5] Group 4: Signals for Reversal - Despite the upward price target revision, the risk distribution for gold prices remains skewed towards the upside, with potential for increased private sector allocation [7] - Two key signals for a potential reversal in gold prices include a decline in central bank gold purchases to pre-2022 levels and a shift in Fed policy from rate cuts to rate hikes [7] - The lack of elasticity in gold supply means that high prices alone cannot resolve supply issues, and demand collapse would be necessary for a price reversal [7]