Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the emergence of agricultural cooperatives in Gansu Province, specifically in the Xifeng District, which are driving the development of rural industries and improving the livelihoods of local farmers through collaborative efforts and modern agricultural practices [1][4]. Group 1: Cooperative Development - The Yao Hui Livestock Cooperative currently has a cattle stock of 800, focusing on the Simmental breed, known for its short growth cycle and high meat yield [2]. - The cooperative was established in 2013 and has grown from a few dozen cattle to over 1,000 through a model that integrates cooperatives, bases, and farmers, benefiting over 200 local households [2][4]. - The cooperative expects to produce 1,200 to 1,300 cattle this year, generating a revenue of 17 million to 18 million yuan, while also providing employment opportunities for local villagers [2]. Group 2: Agricultural Practices - The cooperative employs a feed ratio strategy, mixing corn, soybean meal, and other nutrients to ensure the cattle's diet is balanced [2]. - The cooperative has also adopted a circular farming model by using livestock manure to cultivate over 1,000 acres of corn, which serves as both feed and a cost-saving measure [2]. Group 3: Broader Impact on Local Agriculture - The Xifeng District has been actively promoting new agricultural entities, encouraging the establishment of cooperatives that focus on various sectors such as fruits, livestock, and vegetables [4]. - The Wanrunyuan Cooperative has 276 greenhouses and supports 46 farmers in growing specialty fruits and vegetables, with an average income exceeding 20,000 yuan per greenhouse [5]. - The district has a total of 1,295 agricultural cooperatives, benefiting approximately 27,800 farmers and creating 157 demonstration cooperatives, which have transformed the rural economy from fragmented to concentrated [4][8].

Core Viewpoint - India is emerging as a significant player in the global dairy market, contributing to ongoing trade tensions, particularly with the U.S. imposing high tariffs on Indian dairy products [3][4]. Group 1: Historical Development of India's Dairy Industry - Over the past 30 years, India has maintained its position as the world's largest milk producer, accounting for one-fourth of global milk production, with a record output of over 240 million tons last year, more than double that of the U.S. [4] - In the early 1940s, India faced severe milk shortages, producing only about 17 million tons annually, prompting government initiatives to improve milk quality [4][5]. - The introduction of cooperative models in the 1940s and 1950s, led by local farmers in Anand, transformed the dairy landscape, allowing farmers to gain better control over pricing and production [6][7]. Group 2: Technological and Structural Innovations - The development of milk powder technology by experts helped stabilize milk supply, addressing seasonal fluctuations in production [5]. - The establishment of the Amul brand in 1957 marked a significant milestone, combining health and nutrition concepts to create new consumer demand [8]. - By 1996, a network of 170 dairy processing centers and over 70,000 village cooperatives had been established, significantly improving farmers' income [9]. Group 3: Current Challenges in the Dairy Sector - Despite the cooperative framework, approximately 60% of India's milk is still purchased by the informal sector, indicating a challenge in formalizing the market [10]. - The average farm size in India is significantly smaller than in the U.S., with Indian farmers averaging only 4 cows per farm compared to 380 in the U.S., leading to lower production efficiency [10]. - Rising feed costs and a previous milk shortage crisis in 2022 highlight the ongoing vulnerabilities within India's dairy farming model [10].