《未来之地》 （英）尼克·博斯特罗姆著 黄菲飞 译 中信出版集团 2025年4月出版 当算法解放双手，"心灵"将如何安放? ——读《未来之地》 ◎夏学杰 在现代社会，工作不仅是谋生手段，更是身份认同的重要来源。当人们介绍自己时，通常会先说自己的 职业："我是教师""我是程序员""我是医生"。工作和职业构成了我们自我认知的核心部分。当AI取代人 类劳动，这种基于工作的身份认同将如何重构？ 作者认为，人类长期以来形成了一种深层心理结构：努力—回报模式。我们相信努力工作会带来相应回 报，这种信念支撑着我们的奋斗精神。但当AI能够轻松完成我们需要付出巨大努力才能完成的工作 时，这种心理模式受到挑战。如果AI可以比我们写出更好的小说、谱写出更优美的曲子、解决更复杂 的科学问题，我们的努力还有价值吗？ 作者还在书中深入探讨了西西弗斯的神话隐喻。西西弗斯被罚永无止境地将巨石推上山坡，每次接近山 顶时巨石就会滚落，他必须重新开始。这个神话在很多方面反映了人类劳动的处境：我们努力积累知 识、财富、成就，但最终都难免一死，一切归零。 人工智能正在以前所未有的速度重塑人类的世界。从AlphaGo战胜李世石，到ChatGPT 通过图 ...

Group 1 - The article discusses the resurgence of science fiction in popular culture, highlighting the return of series like "Black Mirror" and "Love, Death & Robots," which reflect the increasing relevance of sci-fi themes in contemporary society [1][15] - It emphasizes the concept of a technological singularity, where advancements in AI and other technologies could lead to a utopian society characterized by abundance and reduced need for work [3][10] - The article references Nick Bostrom's book "Deep Utopia," which explores three progressive future scenarios: post-scarcity, post-work, and post-instrumental eras, each representing different stages of societal evolution in response to technological advancements [4][10] Group 2 - The post-scarcity era is described as a time of material abundance where basic needs are easily met, drawing parallels to the myth of Cockaigne, a utopian land of plenty [6][8] - The post-work era envisions a future where automation eliminates the need for human labor, raising questions about the meaning of work and how society will adapt to reduced employment opportunities [10][11] - The post-instrumental era suggests a world where human effort is no longer required to achieve desires, leading to a potential shift in societal values and the concept of personal achievement [12][13] Group 3 - The article raises critical questions about the implications of advanced technology on human purpose and meaning, particularly in a future where work may no longer be necessary [17][19] - It highlights the need for society to redefine concepts of work and learning in light of these technological advancements, suggesting a potential shift towards leisure and community engagement [11][14] - Bostrom's work is positioned as a philosophical exploration of these themes, encouraging readers to consider the future of humanity in a world dominated by superintelligent AI [15][17]