Core Points - The recent amendments to the Village Committee Organization Law and the Urban Residents Committee Organization Law emphasize the leadership of the Communist Party in grassroots governance, ensuring that the Party's leadership is integrated throughout the work of these committees [2][3] - The modifications aim to strengthen the grassroots self-governance system as stipulated in the Constitution, consolidating the role of village and urban residents' committees as essential grassroots organizations [2][3] - The changes also focus on reducing the burden on grassroots organizations, providing legal frameworks for local governments to support these committees in their operations [4] Group 1 - The amendments reinforce the Party's leadership in grassroots self-governance, ensuring that village and community committees operate under the guidance of the Communist Party [3] - The laws aim to enhance the effectiveness of community self-management, self-service, self-education, and self-supervision, contributing to the modernization of grassroots governance systems [3] - The modifications include legal provisions for the qualifications of committee members and established practices such as "Four Discussions and Two Publics" and "One Shoulder to Carry" [3] Group 2 - The amendments align with the central government's directive to reduce burdens on grassroots organizations, clarifying the responsibilities of village and community committees [4] - Local governments are mandated to establish mechanisms to alleviate formalism and provide necessary support for the committees, including funding, facilities, and training [4] - The changes also enhance the funding mechanisms for community service projects, encouraging collective economic support for public affairs and community governance [4]

Core Points - The recent amendments to the Village Committee Organization Law and the Urban Residents Committee Organization Law were passed by the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee, effective from January 1, 2026, emphasizing the importance of grassroots self-governance and the leadership of the Communist Party in local governance [1][2][3] Group 1: Background and Principles - The amendments are a response to the need for strengthening grassroots governance and enhancing the role of the Communist Party in local governance, reflecting the importance of grassroots self-governance as stipulated in the Constitution [1][2] - The basic principles guiding the amendments include strengthening the Party's leadership, consolidating grassroots self-governance, maintaining a problem-oriented approach, and ensuring consistency in legal provisions across urban and rural contexts [2] Group 2: Key Content of Amendments - The amendments include provisions to enhance the leadership of the Communist Party in grassroots governance, improve the composition and responsibilities of village and residents' committees, and refine the electoral system for these committees [2][4] - New regulations have been introduced to promote democratic consultation, improve decision-making mechanisms, and enhance democratic management and supervision within village and residents' committees [5] Group 3: Implementation and Support - The amendments aim to ensure that grassroots committees can effectively exercise their functions, with local governments required to provide necessary support and resources for their operations [6][7] - Specific measures include establishing mechanisms to reduce bureaucratic burdens on grassroots committees and ensuring adequate funding, training, and infrastructure support [6][7]

Core Points - The law aims to enhance grassroots self-governance, develop grassroots democracy, protect residents' rights, and modernize governance capabilities at the community level [2][3] - The residents' committee is a grassroots self-governing organization that operates under democratic principles, including elections, consultations, decision-making, management, and supervision [2][3] Chapter Summaries Chapter 1: General Principles - The law establishes the framework for residents to manage their own affairs and promotes grassroots democracy [2] - Residents' committees are responsible to residents' meetings and representatives [2] Chapter 2: Composition and Responsibilities of Residents' Committees - Residents' committees consist of 5 to 9 members, including women, and must avoid conflicts of interest among relatives [4][5] - The committees have various responsibilities, including promoting laws and policies, managing public affairs, mediating disputes, and assisting in community safety [6][7] Chapter 3: Elections of Residents' Committees - Elections for committee members are conducted by all eligible residents or their representatives, with a term of five years [10][11] - The election process includes provisions for candidate nominations, voting methods, and the validity of elections [15][16] Chapter 4: Residents' Meetings and Representative Meetings - Residents' meetings consist of all residents aged 18 and above and can be convened by the committee [26][27] - Decisions made in these meetings require a majority vote and can involve significant community issues [30][31] Chapter 5: Democratic Management and Supervision - The committees must implement a democratic decision-making process and maintain transparency in their operations [33][34] - A supervisory committee is established to oversee the residents' committee, ensuring accountability and adherence to regulations [28][29] Chapter 6: Support for Residents' Committees - The law outlines financial support for the daily operations of residents' committees from local governments [41][42] - Community service projects can receive funding from various sources, including government and charitable organizations [42][43] Chapter 7: Supplementary Provisions - The law applies to various administrative regions and mandates local governments to ensure its implementation [47][48] - The law will take effect on January 1, 2026 [50]

Core Points - The National People's Congress Standing Committee has decided to amend the "Organic Law of Villagers' Committees of the People's Republic of China" to enhance grassroots self-governance and promote rural revitalization [1] - The amendments emphasize the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the integration of self-governance, rule of law, and moral governance in village committees [1] - New provisions include the establishment of a supervisory body for grassroots self-governance and recognition of contributions by organizations and individuals in this area [1] Summary by Sections Article Modifications - Article 1 is revised to focus on grassroots self-governance and rural revitalization [1] - Article 2 emphasizes democratic processes within villagers' committees [1] - Article 4 highlights the leadership of the Communist Party and the support for villagers' self-governance activities [1] - New Article 5 establishes a supervisory body for grassroots self-governance [1] - New Article 7 introduces recognition for outstanding contributions in self-governance [1] Committee Structure and Responsibilities - Article 8 mandates the inclusion of women in committee membership and allows for cross-appointments between village committees and party organizations [1] - Article 9 outlines the establishment of various sub-committees within the villagers' committee [1] - Article 10 emphasizes the role of villagers' committees in resource management and ecological protection [1] Governance and Community Engagement - Article 11 requires committees to promote legal awareness and support villagers in fulfilling their legal obligations [1] - Article 12 mandates committees to assist in community safety and conflict resolution [2] - Article 13 encourages collaboration with social organizations and volunteers in rural governance [3] - Article 14 promotes unity among multi-ethnic communities [4] Election and Decision-Making Processes - Article 15 outlines the structure of the villagers' election committee [1] - Article 16 specifies eligibility criteria for candidates in village elections [1] - Article 18 details the nomination process for committee candidates [1] - Article 25 requires villagers' meetings to be convened under certain conditions [1] Financial and Operational Support - New provisions ensure financial support for the operation of villagers' committees from local governments [10][11] - Article 42 outlines the funding sources for public welfare projects and committee operations [10] - Article 44 emphasizes the need for comprehensive service facilities in villages [10] Implementation and Compliance - The amendments will take effect on January 1, 2026, and the law will be republished accordingly [15]

Core Viewpoint - The recent amendments to the Village Committee Organization Law and the Urban Residents Committee Organization Law are aimed at strengthening grassroots governance and enhancing the role of the Communist Party in local governance, effective from January 1, 2026 [1][2][4]. Group 1: Background and Principles - The amendments are a response to the need for improved grassroots governance and are aligned with the constitutional mandate for grassroots self-governance [2]. - The basic principles of the amendments include strengthening the Party's leadership in grassroots governance, consolidating grassroots self-governance, and ensuring consistency in legal provisions across urban and rural contexts [3]. Group 2: Key Content of Amendments - The amendments emphasize the Party's comprehensive leadership in grassroots governance, refine the composition and responsibilities of village and residents' committees, and enhance democratic processes such as elections and consultations [3][5]. - New provisions include the establishment of democratic decision-making mechanisms, improved management and supervision systems, and enhanced support for the operational needs of village and residents' committees [3][9]. Group 3: Significance and Implementation - The modifications are seen as a practical application of Xi Jinping's rule of law thought in grassroots governance, aiming to enhance community self-management and promote a governance system that combines self-governance, rule of law, and moral governance [4]. - Authorities are urged to prepare for the effective implementation of these laws, ensuring that they are fully operational and beneficial to the community [4].

Core Points - The 18th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee approved amendments to the Villagers' Committee Organization Law and the newly revised Urban Residents' Committee Organization Law, both effective from January 1, 2026 [1] - The amendments aim to improve the composition, responsibilities, elections, discussions, management, and supervision of the "two committees," enhancing grassroots democratic development and governance modernization [1] - New provisions include the establishment of "Elderly and Women and Children Work Committees" under village and community committees to strengthen care for the elderly and left-behind children [1] - The amendments clarify the relationship between village committees, villager groups, and rural collective economic organizations, allowing village committees to perform the functions of collective economic organizations where none exist [1] - The revised Urban Residents' Committee Organization Law expands the responsibilities of community committees to assist in guiding and supervising owners' meetings and committees, as well as mediating property disputes [1][2] - Changes were also made to the election processes, democratic management, and supervision of both community and village committees [2]

Core Points - The 18th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee approved amendments to the Village Committee Organization Law and the newly revised Urban Residents Committee Organization Law, both effective from January 1, 2026 [1][2] - The amendments aim to improve the composition, responsibilities, elections, deliberation, management, and supervision of the "two committees," enhancing grassroots democracy and governance capabilities [1] - New provisions include the establishment of "Elderly and Women and Children Work Committees" under village and residents' committees to strengthen care for the elderly and left-behind children [1] - The amendments clarify the relationship between village committees, villager groups, and rural collective economic organizations, allowing village committees to perform the functions of collective economic organizations where none exist [1] - The revised Urban Residents Committee Organization Law expands the responsibilities of residents' committees to assist in guiding and supervising owners' meetings and mediating property disputes [1][2]

Core Points - The upcoming 18th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee will conduct a second review of the draft amendments to the Village Committee Organization Law and the Urban Residents Committee Organization Law [1][2] - The amendments are closely related to grassroots organizations and the lives of residents, introducing new provisions such as the establishment of committees focused on the elderly, women, and children, as well as mediation of property disputes [1][2] Group 1 - The draft amendments aim to enhance the responsibilities of village and urban committees, emphasizing the integration of democracy, rule of law, and moral governance [2][3] - The amendments will clarify the forms and deadlines for public disclosure of village and community affairs, allowing the use of modern information technology for transparency [2][3] - A significant number of public opinions were collected during the consultation period, with 410 opinions on the Village Committee Law and 2017 on the Urban Residents Committee Law [3] Group 2 - The amendments reinforce the leadership of the Communist Party in grassroots governance, allowing party organization leaders to serve as heads of village and community committees [4][5] - The changes aim to strengthen democratic management and supervision mechanisms, including the establishment of a Residents' Supervision Committee [5][6] - The revisions will ensure that residents' rights to know, participate, express, and supervise are protected, thereby promoting the development of whole-process people's democracy [6]