► 文 观察者网 赖家琪 80年前，美国分别向广岛和长崎投下两枚原子弹，加速了日本在第二次世界大战中的投降。战后在国际 社会压力下，日本宪法第九条规定放弃该国发动战争的权利，以换美国提供的安全保障。1967年，时任 日本首相佐藤荣作提出"不制造、不拥有、不引进核武器"的"无核三原则"。 然而时至今日，日本国内却出现企图推翻这一长期国策的危险动向，严重违背其和平承诺，引发国际社 会高度警惕。 据英国路透社8月20日报道，借口美国总统特朗普动摇了对盟友的安全承诺，越来越多日本政客公然鼓 吹要打破"不可思议的禁忌"——部署核武器。在加强与美国的"核威慑"合作之外，这群日本政客甚至提 出，若美国失信，日本或需考虑独立防务甚至发展自己的核武器。 此类举动必然遭到包括中国在内的所有曾遭受日本侵略国家的坚决反对。中国外交部发言人曾明确指 出，中方一贯认为，日本作为《不扩散核武器条约》无核武器缔约国，应切实履行核不扩散国际义务。 中方也一向反对核武器国家在他国领土上部署核武器。由于历史原因，日方在军事安全领域的有关动向 一直受到高度关注。中方敦促日方谨言慎行，在维护地区和平与稳定方面采取负责任的态度。 日本企图拥核，锅甩给特 ...

Group 1 - The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has withdrawn its last batch of inspectors from Iran, marking the first expulsion of IAEA personnel since Iran began uranium enrichment activities two decades ago [1] - The withdrawal follows Iran's new law criminalizing international oversight, leading to a more severe information blockade regarding Tehran's nuclear program [1] - Prior to the withdrawal, IAEA inspectors conducted nearly 500 inspections in Iran, tracking 409 kilograms of near-weapons-grade enriched uranium, which is now unaccounted for [1] Group 2 - The average number of visits by IAEA inspectors to nuclear facilities in Iran was 1.4 times per day last year [4] - Iran has accused the IAEA of assisting Israel in attacks on its nuclear facilities, a claim that the IAEA's Director General has denied [4] - Although Iran has not exited the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), it may invoke provisions of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties to suspend cooperation with the IAEA [4]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the complex history and ongoing political dynamics surrounding Iran's nuclear program, highlighting the role of the United States and Israel in shaping the situation, and the implications for regional stability and international relations [1][12]. Group 1: Historical Context - The U.S. initially supported Iran's nuclear capabilities in the 1950s, providing technology and training, which laid the groundwork for the current nuclear issue [4][6]. - The 1979 Islamic Revolution led to a shift in Iran's nuclear ambitions, with the new regime viewing nuclear technology as a symbol of Western influence [5][6]. - After the Iran-Iraq War, Iran sought to revive its nuclear program, recognizing the need for military deterrence [6][8]. Group 2: Key Events and Developments - The exposure of Iran's nuclear facilities in 2002 marked a turning point, leading to increased scrutiny and tensions between Iran and the international community [6][7]. - The 2005 resumption of uranium enrichment by Iran, despite international pressure, escalated the situation, resulting in UN sanctions [8][9]. - The 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was a significant diplomatic achievement, temporarily easing sanctions in exchange for limitations on Iran's nuclear program [10][11]. Group 3: Recent Tensions and Developments - The U.S. withdrawal from the JCPOA in 2018 under the Trump administration reignited tensions, leading to a "maximum pressure" campaign against Iran [12][13]. - Recent military actions by the U.S. against Iranian nuclear facilities have further complicated the situation, raising concerns about regional stability [12][13]. - The ongoing conflict between Iran and Israel, particularly in the context of proxy battles, continues to influence the dynamics of the nuclear issue [12][13].

Group 1 - The G7 draft states that Israel has the right to self-defense [1] - The draft asserts that Iran can never possess nuclear weapons [1]

Core Viewpoint - The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is actively monitoring the situation in Iran, particularly regarding its uranium enrichment activities, which are approaching weapon-grade levels [1] Group 1: Monitoring and Engagement - The IAEA has confirmed that the Natanz uranium enrichment facility was one of the targets of recent attacks [1] - The agency is in contact with Iranian authorities regarding radiation levels and is maintaining communication with its inspectors in the country [1] Group 2: Condemnation of Iran's Actions - The IAEA issued its strongest condemnation of Iran in 20 years, highlighting Iran's failure to comply with its nuclear non-proliferation obligations [1]

Domestic News - The Chinese government has approved a certain number of export licenses for rare earth-related items, indicating a willingness to enhance communication with relevant countries regarding export controls in the civilian sector [3] - Ant Group's Ant Financial has initiated the application for a stablecoin license in Hong Kong and has engaged in multiple rounds of communication with regulators [3] - The People's Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange have jointly issued measures to support financial initiatives in Fujian, aiming to explore new paths for cross-strait integration and development [3] - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology supports car manufacturers' commitment to a "60-day payment term" to promote healthy industry development [3] International News - Israel is considering military action against Iran in the coming days, as reported by ABC News [2] - The International Atomic Energy Agency has announced that Iran has violated its nuclear non-proliferation obligations, with Iranian media stating that a new uranium enrichment facility will be launched in a secure area [2] Market and Economic Updates - The U.S. dollar index (DXY) has fallen to a three-year low, while the euro has risen to a three-and-a-half-year high [3] - Morgan Stanley maintains its oil price forecast for 2025 but warns that in the worst-case scenario, oil prices could double [3]

Core Viewpoint - The Iranian UN delegation asserts that the legacy of the US Central Command, characterized by armed aggression and complicity in Israeli actions, has exacerbated regional instability, undermining the credibility of the US in discussions about peace and nuclear non-proliferation [1] Group 1 - The US Central Command's actions are viewed as contributing to regional instability [1] - The Iranian delegation claims that these actions diminish the US's credibility in advocating for peace [1] - The complicity in Israeli actions is highlighted as a significant factor in the current geopolitical climate [1]

Core Viewpoint - China emphasizes the importance of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) in maintaining global peace and development, while highlighting the unprecedented challenges it currently faces [1][2]. Group 1: China's Position on Nuclear Weapons - China advocates for the inseparability of its own security and collective security, calling for the two countries with the largest nuclear arsenals to resume compliance with the New START treaty and further reduce their nuclear stockpiles [2]. - The country urges nuclear-armed states to negotiate a "No First Use" treaty and to abandon nuclear sharing and extended deterrence arrangements, as well as to withdraw nuclear weapons deployed abroad [2]. - China maintains that security rights and obligations are inseparable, promoting a fair and just nuclear non-proliferation system and opposing unilateral sanctions and military force in resolving regional nuclear issues [2]. Group 2: China's Defense Policy and Commitment - China asserts its commitment to a defensive national defense policy, having pledged not to use nuclear weapons first under any circumstances since it acquired them, and not to threaten non-nuclear weapon states [3]. - The country positions itself as a responsible nation, with its nuclear policy being a significant contribution to global peace, remaining consistent for over 60 years [3].