在印度尼西亚北苏拉威西省附近海域，一场跨越国界的科学探索取得突破性进展。近期，中国与印尼的 科学家开展海洋生态联合调查，在这片海域发现了新的浅海热液口，成为两国携手应对气候变化、共同 守护海洋生态的生动实践。 热液口通常隐匿于数千米的深海，此次在浅海发现热液口实属罕见。更难得的是，在热液口高温、强酸 的极端环境下，周边依然存在多样性极高的珊瑚礁和海草床生态系统。这种奇特的生命现象，为全球气 候变化研究提供了宝贵的"天然实验室"，中印尼科研团队能够通过观察研究典型海洋生态系统对气候变 化的适应与演变，进一步探索生态修复技术。 作为此次联合调查的中方负责人，我率领多学科团队与印尼专家们同心协力，克服暴雨、高温、毒蛇出 没等困难条件，共采集珊瑚、热液水体、浮游生物、环境DNA等样品500余份，获得了大量原位观测资 料。依托新发现的热液口与该海域原有的36个固定观测站位，一个功能更完备、数据更完善的中印尼北 苏拉威西海洋生态观测网络初步形成，将助力研究生物多样性和生态连通性的长期变化规律及响应机 制，为保护全球海洋生态系统、应对气候变化提供科学依据。 正如一位参与此次联合调查的印尼科学家所说，对海洋的守护是跨越国界的 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the accelerated melting of glaciers due to global warming, with approximately 26% of glaciers in China disappearing over the past 60 years, and a UNESCO report predicting that one-third of world heritage glaciers will vanish by 2050 [1] - The formation of ice lakes from melting glaciers is increasing, leading to unique high-altitude aquatic ecosystems that pose risks to downstream areas if they burst [1] - Understanding the water environment changes in ice lakes is crucial for scientific protection and management of these fragile water bodies, but current monitoring methods are inadequate [1][2] Group 1: Ice Lake Monitoring Challenges - There are about 20,000 ice lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, which are continuously increasing, impacting local pastoral activities due to limited grazing areas [2] - The research team faces significant challenges in monitoring these lakes, including harsh weather conditions and the difficulty of transporting samples over long distances [3] - The unpredictability of ice lake changes complicates the monitoring process, making it hard to capture significant water quality changes during field studies [3] Group 2: Technological Innovations in Monitoring - The research team has partnered with Hikvision to implement video monitoring technology to observe glacier melting and ice lake water environment changes, achieving long-term and real-time monitoring [4] - High-resolution observations have shown a strong correlation between lake water color and measured water quality, allowing for more efficient monitoring compared to traditional methods [4] - The new monitoring approach using RGB imaging and deep learning models enables the team to detect rapid fluctuations in ice lake water quality and understand the driving factors behind these changes [5] Group 3: Future Implications and Research Goals - The innovative monitoring technology has the potential to be applied to thousands of ice lakes, facilitating comprehensive research on climate change and its effects on local ecosystems [5] - The research team has accumulated over a hundred terabytes of data, contributing to ongoing efforts to understand and protect the fragile high-altitude ecosystems [5] - The commitment to rigorous research and ecological protection remains a priority, aiming for a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature in the region [5]

Group 1 - China has surpassed the United States in climate change research capabilities, leading the world in decarbonization technology development [1][2] - In 2023, Chinese research institutions published approximately 14,000 climate change-related papers, exceeding the United States' 13,000 papers, marking a significant shift in global research output [1] - By 2024, China is projected to publish around 17,000 papers, accounting for 20% of the global total, further widening the gap with the United States [1] Group 2 - As of the fourth quarter of 2024, Chinese electric vehicle (EV) sales will account for 55% of the global market share, leading in both European and Asian markets [2] - China's solar and wind power generation capacity reached 50% in 2023, surpassing traditional coal power, establishing China as a core player in global decarbonization efforts [2] - China has also outperformed the United States in the quality of research, ranking first in the number of highly cited papers from 2004 to 2024 [2]