上游原料端，全球铅精矿供应呈现宽松态势，价格趋于稳定，这为中游冶炼环节提供了一定的成本缓冲 空间。然而，环保标准的持续提升使得矿山的合规运营成本增加，部分资源条件或环保基础薄弱的小型 矿山面临退出压力。 需求面进入结构转换期 主导的电池行业需求正经历深刻的结构性调整。在交通动力领域，新能源汽车的快速发展对传统铅酸电 池形成了持续的替代压力。然而，在电动轻型车、后备电源及储能等特定场景，铅酸电池凭借其成本与 安全优势仍保有稳定需求，且海外市场订单成为支撑需求的重要变量。其他工业领域对铅的消费则保持 相对平稳。整体来看，需求正从过去的普遍增长转向不同细分领域的差异化发展。 当前铅产业链各环节在成本、技术及需求结构性变化的共同影响下，正经历一系列调整。 长江铅业网(pb.ccmn.cn)今日现货铅价行情预估：美国11月非农数据表面温和，深层却显露经济裂痕。 新增就业6.4万人的表象下，失业率跳升至4.6%的三年高位，叠加前值大幅下修，共同指向劳动力市场 实质性放缓。这份报告被市场果断解读为经济增长动力减弱的明确信号，并迅速强化了对美联储货币政 策即将转向的预期。数据公布后，投资者迅速启动"降息交易"布局。美元指数应 ...

Summary of the Chromium Industry Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference focused on the chromium industry, particularly the price trends and supply dynamics of chromium products in 2025 [1][4]. Key Points and Arguments - **Price Trends**: Since early 2025, chromium product prices have been rising, especially a significant increase in metal chromium prices at the end of October due to unexpected state reserve purchases leading to supply tightness [1][5]. - **Supply Dynamics**: The second state reserve purchase exceeded expectations, with quantities close to four times the first purchase, causing a supply crunch and subsequent price hikes [5][7]. - **Demand Growth**: There is a notable increase in demand for high-temperature alloys and high-end manufacturing materials, with high-temperature alloy demand growing by 20%-30% [8][17]. - **Regulatory Changes**: The European Union plans to implement a critical raw materials law in 2026, requiring strategic reserves to reach 45% of annual consumption, indicating a global increase in demand for these materials [9][8]. - **Export Tariffs**: South Africa plans to impose a 25% export tax on unprocessed chromium ore, which may increase costs for Chinese chromium salt companies but is expected to have a limited overall impact due to China's market influence [10][11]. - **Chromium Salt Demand**: Chromium salts are primarily used in stainless steel production, which is expected to see stable demand growth [12]. - **Waste Treatment Improvements**: Significant advancements in waste treatment technologies have reduced waste output and eliminated hexavalent chromium, turning waste into valuable raw materials for steel production [13]. - **Environmental Challenges**: Stricter environmental standards pose challenges for smaller companies, potentially leading to production halts or market exits due to high compliance costs [15][14]. Additional Important Insights - **Market Volatility**: The chromium market has experienced significant price fluctuations throughout 2025, with notable increases in February, March, and October [3][4]. - **Future Supply Outlook**: The global supply of chromium is expected to remain tight, with low inventory levels across the supply chain, affecting the ability of major producers to meet market demand [28][29]. - **Strategic Stockpiling**: The state reserve's large-scale purchases are part of a strategic move to ensure supply security, influenced by international market conditions [7][6]. - **Technological Advancements**: Companies like Zhenhua and Yinhe have adopted new processes that significantly reduce waste and improve environmental compliance, enhancing their competitive edge [13][24]. - **Profitability Trends**: The chromium industry has seen fluctuating profit margins, with potential for improvement as demand increases and supply constraints persist [25][24]. This summary encapsulates the critical insights from the conference call regarding the chromium industry, highlighting the interplay between supply, demand, regulatory changes, and technological advancements.