近日，河南省肿瘤医院超声医学科收治了3例特殊的甲状腺癌患者，他们是一家人。 河南省肿瘤医院头颈外科主任医师 罗瑞华 张松涛 北京大学首钢医院普外科副主任医师 高庆坤 甲状腺结节，癌变几率有多大？ 据医生介绍，家中最小的孩子先确诊，两位姐姐前来探病时顺便接受检查，竟也发现了同样的癌。此 前，他们的父亲已因甲状腺癌做了切除手术。 甲状腺个头不大、压力不小，近年来相关疾病发病率持续攀升，其中"甲状腺结节"的检出率尤为突出。 体检查出甲状腺结节，癌变几率有多大？甲状腺癌会遗传吗？ 《生命时报》邀请专家为你解答，并教你护好脆弱的甲状腺。 受访专家 中日友好医院内分泌科主任医师 张金苹 北京大学首钢医院普外科副主任医师高庆坤介绍，甲状腺结节发病人群十分普遍，几乎覆盖约70%的60 岁以上人群，但大部分不需治疗干预。 高庆坤表示，在无症状人群中，约19%~67%有甲状腺结节，而恶性结节所占比例不足10%。目前，甲 状腺癌的发病率呈快速上升趋势，但死亡率一直较为稳定。 河南省肿瘤医院头颈外科主任医师罗瑞华也表示，甲状腺结节大多为良性，有5%~10%为恶性，特别是 生活压力大、经常熬夜的人，发展为甲状腺癌的风险更大。 甲状腺癌 ...

Group 1 - The core issue of iodine deficiency remains a public health concern in China, with a significant portion of the population still lacking adequate iodine intake despite improvements over the years [2][4][3] - The recommended daily iodine intake for pregnant women is 230 micrograms, which is double that of adults, highlighting the importance of sufficient iodine during pregnancy to prevent developmental issues in infants [1][2] - The implementation of universal salt iodization has been effective in reducing the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders, with a reported iodized salt coverage rate of 94.8% and a suitable iodine nutrition status among pregnant women [3][4] Group 2 - Despite the progress made, there is a growing misconception among the public that iodine deficiency is no longer a concern, leading to increased consumption of non-iodized salt [4][6] - Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial for metabolism and overall health; a lack of iodine can lead to various health issues, including thyroid dysfunction [4][6] - Epidemiological studies indicate that iodine deficiency is a risk factor for thyroid nodules, and adequate iodine intake may help reduce the incidence of such conditions [7][6] Group 3 - The majority of salt consumed in China is from well and rock salt (87%), with iodized salt being the recommended option to meet iodine needs while also addressing sodium intake [8] - In coastal regions, despite the availability of iodine-rich foods like seaweed, the consumption frequency is low, making iodized salt a necessary source of iodine for residents [9][8] - The public health strategy of iodizing salt is recognized as a safe, effective, and low-cost method to ensure adequate iodine intake across the population [7][3]