马年将至，由智通财经与红双喜集团马利画材联合推出的大型系列报道《寻马记》。从上海出发，到天 山之下，长安城外，中原大地，齐鲁海滨……寻找中国文物与艺术中的马——寻找那份奔腾不止的生命 力与澎湃的精神。 在商代，马主要用于战争、田猎和祭祀。由于年代久远，除了殷墟妇好墓出土的玉马和陕西甘泉出土的 一对商代青铜马，我们今天能看到的殷商时代的"马"，大多只存在于甲骨文和殷商古墓车马坑的车马遗 迹里了。 从汉代和唐代出土的文物里，能看到许多生动的马——西汉的陶马、东汉的墓砖马及壁画马和唐代的三 彩马。而在商代出土的文物里，除了前述的玉马和铜马，很少能直接看到马的形象，但在甲骨文里，却 多次出现了"马"或者以"马"为部首的文字；此外，从商代各种规制不同的陵墓里发现了多座车马坑，其 中有大量殉葬马的遗骨。 由于商代对马匹的使用已经达到了相当的高度，战争、打猎、祭祀、殉葬都离不开马，仅在殷墟花园庄 东地出土的甲骨中，就有30余片提到了马匹。学者从甲骨文里整理出了几十种马的名字，不同毛色的马 各有不同的名称，比如，驳，指的就是杂色马，这个字中包含的部分意义被沿用至今，构成了我们日常 使用的"驳杂"一词。此外，当时人还会根据马的 ...

■ 何大齐 文并图 [Pg :] 甲骨文 金文 ූ 08 % 甲骨文 ତାଙ 彩本 甲骨文上面是一把尺子,下边是一粒黍米,表示摆下一尺长的黍米，共一百粒。金文承接甲骨文稍变形，篆书相似，隶变后楷书 写作百。 本义为黍米一百粒。引申为数词百（十个十之数），如"三百六十行"。成语"百步穿杨"，讲楚国养由基善于射箭，能射中百步 远的杨柳叶子。 因为数词百表示一个比较大的数字,引申为"众多"之义，如"百战百胜"、"百闻不如一见"、"千方百计"、"百科全书"、"百 衲"（僧衣）、"百年"（人的一生）、"百日"（指相当长的时间）、"百叶"（牛羊的重瓣的胃）、"百姓"（泛指不居官位的 人）、"百乘"（念shèng，古代称四匹马拉一辆车为一乘,百乘即一百辆兵车）、"百家"（指学术上的各种派别）、"百废俱 兴"（一切废置的事情都兴办起来）等等。 天文学上指宇宙间能发光或反射光的天体，如"恒星"（能发出光和热的星体，如太阳、织女星）、"行星"（自身不发光，环绕 恒星公转的星体）、"卫星"（环绕行星运动的星体，如月亮）。 还引申为形状像星的东西，如"人造卫星"、"五星上将"（美军特有军衔，相当于元帅)、"海星"(生活在浅海石缝中的 ...

■ 何大齐 文并图 甲骨文从爪（覆手），从木（树上有果实），会用手采摘树上果实之意。金文省去树上的果实，篆书整 齐化。隶变后楷书写成"采"，注意与"釆"不同。 本义为摘取，如"采茶"，"采莲"，"采药"，"采撷"。 引申为收集，如"采风"，"采集"，"采种"，"采访"。 三末 e langu y 会意字 [c ă i ] 甲骨文 冷 金文 篆 又引申为选择，如"博采众长"，"采取"，"采用"，"采购"，"采光"，"采伐"。 还引申为挖掘，如"开采"，"采矿"，"采煤"，"采油"，"采掘"。 又特指文章的词藻，如"文采"，"繁采寡情，味之必厌"。 还表示神色、表情，如"兴高采烈"，"无精打采"，"神采"，"风采"。 为了分化字义，"采"专用表示神采。摘取义则另加义符，手写作"採"。 如今简化字仍用"采"。颜色之义另加义符（三撇表示色的光），写作"彩"来表示。 注意："釆biàn"是野兽的脚印。和"采"在写法上有区别。 4 F 紫体宇为無 f 甲骨文 34 金文 篆 甲骨文像人手持舞具正在起舞形。篆书繁化分为三形。一形（左图）另加符号"亡"，用以表示没有之 义；二形另加义符歼（双足），用以表示用脚跳舞之意；三形简 ...

月有食卜骨给出了示例模板 商 日有食い育 配 rk △商 月有食卜骨（图为卜骨的正反两面） 天津博物馆藏 这块牛肩胛骨 是来自商代的卜骨 别看它只有窄窄一条 却是世界上有关月食的较早记录之一 信息含量极为丰富 正面残存28字 分属6条卜辞 其中一条卜辞大意是 在癸亥日进行了占卜 希望知道接下来的十天有无灾祸 反面仅有7字，内容却格外重磅 "旬壬申夕，月有食" （从癸亥日开始算）第十天壬申日的夜晚，发生了月食。 根据甲骨文的内容，有研究认为 这次月食发生在 公元前1189年10月25日 且是一次月偏食 短短7个字 堪称来自3000多年前的 "月食观测报告" 月有食卜骨 对研究商代天文成就 具有突出的科学价值和历史价值 在人类早期天文学发展史上 留下浓墨重彩的一笔 多次记录月食现象 古人也是"追月族" 古人和我们一样 也爱在夜晚时抬头望月 于是，天象月食 被多次记录在诗词文献中 早在《诗经·小雅》中就明确 记录了一次月食 "彼月而食，则维其常" 古人还将月食赋予了神话色彩 认为月中有蟾蜍，可以吞食月亮 《史记》中 就有关于蟾蜍食月说法的记载 明代的《神宗实录》中 还准确记录了月食的详细时间 万历十五年二月乙亥夜， ...

Core Viewpoint - The Yin Ruins, dating back over 3,300 years, is recognized as the first historically documented and archaeologically verified capital site of the late Shang Dynasty, serving as a cornerstone for exploring Shang and Xia cultures and the origins of Chinese civilization [2][3]. Group 1: Historical Significance - The discovery and confirmation of the Yin Ruins are pivotal for understanding the origins of Chinese civilization and culture [2][3]. - The site has been a focal point for both domestic and international scholars, attracting a significant number of visitors [8]. Group 2: Recent Developments - On October 28, 2022, General Secretary Xi Jinping visited the Yin Ruins, expressing a long-standing interest in the site and emphasizing its importance for learning and understanding Chinese civilization [2][3]. - The Yin Ruins Museum is the first national major thematic museum showcasing Shang civilization, featuring nearly 4,000 artifacts, with over three-quarters being displayed for the first time [5][6]. Group 3: Visitor Engagement - The museum has seen a peak visitor count of approximately 29,000 on October 3 of the previous year, indicating its popularity and the public's interest in the artifacts, such as the bronze cow and the ceremonial ding [9]. - Visitors express admiration for the museum's exhibition design and the presentation of artifacts, highlighting the effective curation and interpretation of the exhibits [7]. Group 4: Cultural Legacy - The Yin Ruins represent the pinnacle of bronze civilization in China, with a continuous history as the capital for 273 years during the late Shang Dynasty [10]. - The emergence of oracle bone script during this period marks a significant development in the evolution of Chinese writing, which has influenced cultural transmission for thousands of years [10].

Core Points - The "Remarkable Oracle Bone Script" exhibition opened on July 11 at the Hong Kong Central Library, part of the "Hong Kong Chinese Culture Festival 2025" [1] - The exhibition is co-hosted by various governmental and cultural organizations from Henan Province and aims to promote the inheritance of Chinese culture [1] - The exhibition features three main areas: cultural, artistic, and technological displays, highlighting the evolution of Chinese characters from oracle bone script to modern Chinese [1] Group 1 - The exhibition showcases the significance of oracle bone script as a precious cultural heritage of the Chinese nation, influencing the development of Chinese characters [1] - Visitors can engage with the exhibition through interactive experiences, including a "Hundred Family Surnames" wall and a 25-minute VR experience exploring the evolution of oracle bone script [1] - The exhibition will run until July 22, inviting the public to participate in promoting Chinese cultural heritage [2]

Group 1 - The exhibition "Remarkable Oracle Bone Script" in Hong Kong attracted significant attention, particularly for the book "Remarkable Oracle Bone Script," which is noted for its accessibility and engaging content [1][2] - The book is published by Henan Daily and features seven sections, including a hall of fame for oracle bone script figures, stories, and modern interpretations, combining academic insights with media expertise [1] - The integration of digital technology allows readers to access an AI reading assistant through QR codes embedded in the book, enhancing the reading experience by linking print and digital media [1] Group 2 - The book is considered beneficial for students of all ages, serving as a resource for elementary school teachers, self-study for middle school students, and introductory material for university students pursuing related research [2] - There is a suggestion to publish a traditional Chinese version to help more young people in Hong Kong deepen their understanding of national and cultural identity [2]