来自萨拉热窝的能源专家阿尔米尔·贝恰雷维奇对此表示，新法律虽标志着与欧盟法规接轨，但实际效 果仍面临挑战。他指出，波黑在近两年已从电力净出口国转为净进口国，且该法律难以在2026年CBAM 正式生效前完全实施。尽管方向积极，能否真正达到预期目标仍是未知数。（驻波黑使馆经商处） 波黑媒体《独立报》12月1日报道。波黑新通过的《电力监管、传输与市场法》成为国内能源转型的关 键一步。国际大电网会议区域分支机构（SEERC）主席埃德姆·比查克契奇强调，波黑部长会议必须立 即向欧盟申请碳边境调节机制（CBAM）豁免，并同步启动与欧洲市场联动的电力交易所建设。 比查克契奇指出，建立交易所是一项需数年推进的系统工程，急需引进国际专家加速落实。他呼吁成立 专门机构，对国内能源进行"绿色"与"高污染"分类认证，以避免未来对欧出口面临额外征税。他警告 称，若未能获得CBAM豁免，波黑电力将只能短期转向塞尔维亚市场，而后者也将很快实施相同规则。 ...

Core Viewpoint - Bosnia and Herzegovina's parliament has taken a significant step towards aligning with EU energy market rules by passing the draft law on electricity regulation, transmission, and market, which is essential for establishing an electricity exchange [1] Group 1: Legislative Developments - The draft law aims to achieve coordination with EU regulations, which is a condition for Bosnia to be exempt from the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) [1] - If Bosnia fails to obtain this exemption, it could face taxes on exports to the EU starting next year, potentially resulting in losses of up to several billion marks [1] Group 2: Market Structure and Efficiency - The establishment of an electricity exchange is intended to enhance the efficiency and fairness of the electricity sector by replacing closed bilateral agreement pricing with prices formed through public supply and demand [1] - The exchange will facilitate connections with surrounding markets, improve energy stability, and open doors for increased exports and better integration into the European energy system [1] Group 3: Location and Development - The proposed headquarters for the electricity exchange will be in Mostar, continuing the practice of balanced distribution of electricity sector institutions across the country [1] - Current locations of key operators include the transmission operator in Banja Luka, the system operator in Sarajevo, and the national regulatory commission in Tuzla, with the choice of Mostar promoting balanced development throughout Bosnia [1]

Core Insights - Bosnia's energy sector is undergoing significant transformation and facing serious challenges, as highlighted by the chairman of the CIGRE conference, Zijad Bajramovic [1] Energy Production and Investment - Despite a decline in coal production and unfavorable hydrological conditions last year, investments in renewable energy generation have seen substantial growth [1] - Bosnia plans to construct approximately 1500 megawatts of solar and wind power capacity over the next three years, with an expected annual generation of about 3 terawatt-hours [1] Infrastructure and System Risks - The electricity grid structure in Bosnia is projected to face risks of system congestion and instability, with an estimated need for around 1.4 billion marks for upgrades to the transmission and distribution systems by 2030 [1] Regulatory Developments - Starting from early 2026, the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) will fully impact Bosnia's electricity exports [1] - Bosnia has committed to establishing a power exchange and a carbon emissions trading system, with the recently passed Electricity Regulation, Transmission, and Market Law being a crucial step towards integrating with the European electricity market and avoiding CBAM taxation before 2030 [1] Conference Participation - The energy conference has over 500 engineers and experts from Bosnia, Croatia, Slovenia, and Serbia, focusing on topics such as electrification of transport, large-scale application of heat pumps, battery system investments, and development in industrial and service sectors [1]

Group 1 - Bosnia and Herzegovina is currently the only country in Europe without an established electricity exchange, despite the government's efforts to create a unified market regulatory framework in line with EU energy regulations [1] - The draft law for electricity regulation has not yet been submitted to the Bosnian parliament, and its approval by the end of this year remains uncertain, with the earliest possible establishment of an electricity exchange projected for the second half of 2026 [1] - The country has seen a fourfold increase in electricity imports in the first half of this year, indicating a shift from being an exporter to an importer due to policy failures and delays in renewable energy infrastructure development [1] Group 2 - Establishing an electricity exchange in Mostar could facilitate connections with neighboring markets, which is essential for Bosnia to qualify for EU carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) tariff exemptions by 2030 [2] - The development of renewable energy projects, such as the large wind farm in Tomislavgrad and a planned 400 MW project in Glamoč, is insufficient to address the energy supply issues and attract more foreign investment [1]