作为种业创新的源头和基础，种质资源在粮食安全领域的地位分外凸显。"杂交水稻之父"袁隆平在创 立"三系杂交水稻"技术时，需要运用雄性不育系、保持系、恢复系3种不同功能的水稻亲本配合实现杂 交育种。得益于1970 年在海南发现的雄性不育野生稻"野败"，我国杂交水稻发展才掀开崭新一页。 1979年，李振声院士牵头的课题组经过20多年攻关育成小麦新品种"小偃6号"，其凭借有效抵抗小麦条 锈病、产量高、品质好等特点成为我国小麦育种的重要骨干亲本。可以说，我国农业的重大发展突破， 都与关键性种质资源的发现、研究与利用息息相关。 2021年《种业振兴行动方案》实施以来，我国种源安全水平稳步提升，种业科技创新进入世界第一方 阵。抗稻飞虱水稻、耐密宜机收玉米等一批重大新品种问世，过去主要依靠国外的西蓝花等品种实现自 主选育，越来越多的优质中国种子破土而出、茁壮成长。农作物自主选育品种面积占比95%以上，国家 级种业基地供种保障率达80%，种质资源"家底"更厚，为充实"米袋子"、提稳"菜篮子"、丰富"果盘 子"打下坚实基础。 也要看到，我国是种质资源大国，但还不是种质资源强国，尚存种质资源精准鉴定利用不足、突破性品 种不多等短板 ...

【现象】如今，银杏在一些城市很常见，为何仍处于濒危等级？实际上，濒危的是"野生银杏"而非"景 观银杏"，前者种群数量稀少，后者基因相同或相近，依靠它们无法增加银杏的基因多样性。这反映出 种质资源多样性的重要意义。 【点评】 也要看到，我国是种质资源大国，但还不是种质资源强国，尚存种质资源精准鉴定利用不足、突破性品 种不多等短板。紧紧围绕高质量发展要求，直面问题、精准发力，集中力量破难题、补短板、强优势、 控风险，才能推动种业振兴由点及面整体提升。 其中，做好种质资源的鉴定改良是一个工作重点。当前我国种质资源表型鉴定仅完成35%，距离到2030 年达到60%的目标还有不小距离。开展种质资源专项调查，加快资源精准鉴定，摸清我国农业种质资源 家底和发展变化趋势，抓好收集保护和共享利用，这是打好种业翻身仗的首要任务，也是事关农业长远 发展的重大战略需求。 在育种创新迈向以"生物技术+人工智能"为特征的新阶段背景下，还需加快人工智能驱动的育种体系创 新，加强智能育种装备、育种算法模型的研发应用，打造一批智慧育种新场景。推进育种领域的创新链 产业链资金链人才链深度融合，才能让好品种尽快形成现实生产力。 小小种子蕴藏着改变 ...

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the world's largest barley germplasm resource base in Linzhou County, Lhasa, Tibet, is crucial for preserving diverse strains of barley, which are essential for food security and agricultural resilience in the region [2][25]. Group 1: Importance of Barley - Barley, specifically highland barley, is a traditional staple food for the Tibetan people and is vital for food security in Tibet due to its adaptability to extreme high-altitude climates [4]. - The diverse strains of barley serve as a "genetic bank," providing potential resistance to diseases and ensuring food supply stability in case of agricultural crises [2]. Group 2: Research and Development - The germplasm resource base contains over 4,000 varieties of barley, which are essential for breeding programs aimed at improving crop resilience and yield [2][25]. - The barley yield in Tibet has significantly increased from less than 200 jin per mu (approximately 100 kg) in the early days of liberation to 700-800 jin per mu (approximately 350-400 kg) today, with 80%-90% of the area covered by improved varieties [24]. Group 3: Personal Journey of Researchers - Dawa Tonzhu, a key researcher, was inspired by his mentors and the historical contributions of earlier scientists in the field of barley research, leading him to pursue advanced studies and contribute to the development of new barley varieties [10][27]. - The late Nima Zhashi, a prominent figure in Tibetan barley research, played a crucial role in supporting Dawa Tonzhu's education and career, emphasizing the importance of fieldwork and farmer engagement in agricultural research [12][22]. Group 4: Future Directions - The ongoing efforts to breed new barley varieties and promote agricultural technology are vital for enhancing the productivity and sustainability of barley farming in Tibet [25][27]. - The research community aims to leverage the genetic diversity preserved in the germplasm resource base to develop improved barley strains that can meet the challenges posed by climate change and agricultural diseases [27].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the world's largest barley germplasm resource base in Linzhou County, Lhasa, Tibet, is crucial for agricultural biodiversity and food security, particularly for the local population who rely heavily on barley as a staple food and currency [1][3][5]. Group 1: Importance of Barley - Barley, specifically Qiang barley, is essential for the Tibetan people, serving as both food and a medium of exchange for other goods like butter and meat [5]. - The genetic diversity of over 4,000 barley varieties is vital for resilience against potential agricultural crises, such as plant diseases [1][3]. Group 2: Research and Development - The germplasm resource base was developed under the leadership of Dawa Tonzhu, who emphasized the importance of maintaining diverse barley varieties for future breeding efforts [1][24]. - The yield of barley in Tibet has significantly improved, with production per mu increasing from less than 200 jin to 700-800 jin, and the coverage of improved varieties reaching 80%-90% [23]. Group 3: Personal Journey of Dawa Tonzhu - Dawa Tonzhu's journey from a student with financial difficulties to a leading researcher in barley cultivation highlights the importance of mentorship and support in agricultural science [9][11]. - His experiences in the field have shaped his understanding of agricultural challenges and the need for practical solutions that directly benefit local farmers [19][24]. Group 4: Legacy and Future Directions - The passing of his mentor, Nima Zhaxi, marked a significant moment, yet Dawa Tonzhu continues to advance barley research and development, ensuring the legacy of scientific inquiry and agricultural improvement in Tibet [21][24]. - The focus remains on utilizing the rich genetic resources available to develop new barley varieties that can meet the evolving needs of the agricultural sector [29][30].

Core Viewpoint - The tea industry in Wuyishan, Fujian, is experiencing a revival due to traditional production techniques and vibrant tea tourism activities, which are boosting the local economy and consumption [1][3]. Group 1: Economic Impact - The integration of tea culture with tourism in Wuyishan has significantly enhanced local economic activities, attracting both domestic and international tourists [3][4]. - The total output value of the tea industry chain in Wuyishan has reached 15 billion yuan [6]. Group 2: Cultural Significance - The "Shouting Mountain Tea Festival" is an ancient custom dating back over a thousand years, celebrated annually during the tea picking season to symbolize good weather and a bountiful harvest [4]. - Wuyishan's tea culture is deeply embedded in various aspects of local life, including dining, accommodation, transportation, and shopping, reinforcing the foundation for rural revitalization [6]. Group 3: Resource Management - Wuyishan has established a large ecological tea tree germplasm resource bank, preserving 3,290 samples of tea tree genetic resources, which are considered rare agricultural resources [3][6]. - The region has developed 148,000 acres of green ecological tea gardens, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices [6].