Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the contributions of Chinese scientists during the Anti-Japanese War, highlighting their innovative spirit and dedication to national survival and revival through scientific endeavors [1][2][28]. Group 1: Contributions of Scientists - Chinese scientists mobilized to support the nation during the war, utilizing their knowledge to address urgent needs in military and civilian sectors [2][22]. - Notable achievements include the development of a new wireless radio transmitter by Yan Jici, which significantly improved wartime telecommunications [5][6]. - The invention of the Hou's alkali-making method by chemist Hou Debang reduced production costs by 40% and increased salt utilization to 96%, contributing to industrial development [7]. Group 2: Educational and Institutional Resilience - The migration of Zhejiang University during the war exemplified the commitment to education, with faculty and students continuing their studies under dire conditions [15][17]. - The establishment of the Yan'an Natural Science Institute marked a significant effort to maintain scientific education and research during the war [18][19]. Group 3: Agricultural and Medical Innovations - Agricultural scientists like Shen Liying made significant contributions to wheat breeding, promoting the cultivation of high-yield varieties [24]. - Medical researchers developed vaccines and nutritional solutions to combat health crises during the war, addressing the high mortality rates among soldiers and civilians [26][27]. Group 4: Legacy and Impact - The scientific advancements made during the war laid the groundwork for post-war technological development in China, influencing various industries [31][32]. - The spirit of innovation and dedication displayed by scientists during the war continues to inspire contemporary scientific endeavors in China [34][36].

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the contributions of Chinese scientists during the Anti-Japanese War, highlighting their innovative spirit and dedication to national survival and development through science and technology [1][2][18]. Group 1: Contributions of Scientists - Chinese scientists mobilized to address national crises, utilizing their expertise in various fields to support the war effort [2][3]. - Notable achievements include the development of a new wireless telegraph frequency stabilizer by physicist Yan Jici, which significantly improved wartime telecommunications [5]. - Chemist Hou Debang invented a new method for soda production that reduced costs by 40% and increased salt utilization to 96%, contributing to industrial development during the war [5]. - The construction and subsequent destruction of the Qiantang River Bridge by engineer Mao Yisheng exemplified the commitment of scientists to national interests [5]. Group 2: Educational Resilience - The migration of Zhejiang University during the war, led by geographer Zhu Kezhen, demonstrated the resilience of educational institutions under duress, maintaining academic activities despite challenging conditions [7][9]. - The establishment of the Yan'an Natural Science Academy by chemist Chen Kangbai marked a significant effort to continue scientific education and research during wartime [11]. Group 3: Agricultural and Medical Innovations - Agricultural scientist Shen Liying's work in wheat breeding resulted in the promotion of over 3 million acres of improved wheat varieties, showcasing the impact of scientific research on food security [15]. - Medical researchers, including virologist Tang Feifan, developed vaccines and conducted nutritional studies to address health crises during the war, highlighting the role of science in public health [17]. Group 4: Legacy and Impact - The scientific advancements made during the war laid the groundwork for post-war technological development in China, influencing various industries such as pharmaceuticals and aviation [20][21]. - The spirit of innovation and dedication exhibited by scientists during the Anti-Japanese War continues to inspire contemporary scientific endeavors in China [23].

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the contributions of Chinese scientists during the Anti-Japanese War, highlighting their innovative spirit and dedication to national survival and revival through scientific endeavors [1][24]. Group 1: Contributions of Scientists - Chinese scientists mobilized to address national crises, developing technologies and methods to support military and civilian needs during the war [2][3]. - Notable achievements include the development of a new radio transmitter by physicist Yan Jici, which significantly improved wartime telecommunications [3]. - Chemist Hou Debang invented a new method for soda production that reduced costs by 40% and increased salt utilization to 96%, contributing to industrial development [4]. - Bridge expert Mao Yisheng faced the destruction of the Qiantang River Bridge shortly after its completion, demonstrating the commitment of scientists to national interests [5]. - Radio engineer Luo Peilin created over 60 radio stations using limited resources, enhancing communication for the Eighth Route Army [6]. Group 2: Educational Resilience - The migration of Zhejiang University during the war exemplified the commitment to education, with faculty and students continuing their studies under dire conditions [7][9]. - The establishment of the Yan'an Natural Science Academy by chemist Chen Kangbai marked a significant effort to maintain scientific education and research during the war [11]. - Southwest Associated University became a beacon of academic resilience, producing many future leaders in science and technology [12][13]. Group 3: Agricultural and Medical Innovations - Entomologist Zhou Yao developed biological pest control methods that saved vast areas of wheat fields, showcasing the application of scientific knowledge to agriculture [14]. - Wheat breeding scientist Shen Liying made significant contributions to crop production despite personal health challenges, promoting the planting of high-yield varieties [15][16]. - Medical scientists addressed health crises during the war, with significant contributions to vaccine development and nutritional studies to improve soldier health [17]. Group 4: Lasting Impact on Science and Technology - The scientific advancements made during the war laid the groundwork for post-war technological development in China, influencing various industries [20][21]. - The spirit of innovation and resilience demonstrated by scientists during the war continues to inspire contemporary scientific endeavors in China [24].

Group 1: Contributions of Intellectuals and Scientists - A significant number of intellectuals and scientists dedicated themselves to the war effort during the Anti-Japanese War, contributing to military and civilian needs through scientific innovation [1][2][3] - Notable figures include Wu Yunduo, who led the development of various munitions despite severe personal injuries, and other experts who innovated in metallurgy and communication technology [2][3] - The efforts of these individuals not only supported military operations but also ensured the survival and resilience of the nation during a time of crisis [1][2] Group 2: Medical Contributions - Medical scientists played a crucial role in providing healthcare amidst the war, establishing a robust medical support system that trained over 15,000 healthcare workers and performed over 200,000 surgeries [5][6][7] - Lin Kesheng and Tang Feifan are highlighted for their significant contributions to medical care and the development of domestic penicillin, which was vital for treating wounded soldiers [5][6][7] - The medical community's efforts were instrumental in preserving life and maintaining the fighting capacity of the military [4][5] Group 3: Educational and Scientific Continuity - The war prompted universities like Zhejiang University to relocate and continue their educational missions, resulting in significant scientific advancements despite challenging conditions [8][9][10] - Faculty and students engaged in research and education in makeshift settings, leading to important discoveries in various scientific fields [9][10] - The legacy of these efforts continues to influence modern scientific research and education, demonstrating the enduring impact of wartime scholarship [11]

Group 1 - The newly revised "Law of Popularization of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China" designates September as the National Science Popularization Month, with this year's theme being "Technology Changes Life, Innovation Wins the Future" [1] - The main event of the National Science Popularization Month is held at the China Science and Technology Museum and the National Science Communication Center, organized by the China Association for Science and Technology in collaboration with 34 member units [1] Group 2 - The "Innovation Achievements Exhibition" at the China Science and Technology Museum showcases over 30 research teams' innovations, featuring interactive displays of the first sets of technology achievements [5][8] - Wearable electronic fabrics are highlighted, which integrate functions such as power generation, lighting, energy storage, sensing, computing, and communication into soft fibers, transforming clothing into smart products [8] Group 3 - The exhibition "Chinese Scientists in the Anti-Japanese War" commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Anti-Japanese War, showcasing the contributions of scientists during critical historical moments [10] - The exhibition is divided into three parts: serving the battlefield, ensuring national livelihood, and preserving academic heritage, illustrating how scientists rapidly applied knowledge to meet urgent wartime needs [11] Group 4 - Notable contributions include the establishment of a machine factory by Shen Hong, which provided essential machinery to support the war effort, producing 134 sets of various machines for military use [11] - The exhibition also features the work of metallurgist Ye Zhupai, who developed non-ferrous metal resources, producing 500 tons of refined copper annually for munitions during the war [13]