Core Viewpoint - The construction of a unified national market is a key measure for promoting economic quality development and serves as an important institutional guarantee for achieving Chinese-style modernization [9][10]. Group 1: Importance of a Unified National Market - The unified national market is essential for smooth domestic economic circulation and has significant practical implications in the current complex domestic and international economic environment [14]. - The establishment of a unified market is a natural trend in developing a socialist market economy and is crucial for enhancing China's competitiveness in international markets [6][10]. Group 2: Progress and Challenges - Various regions have actively promoted reforms for a unified market, achieving positive progress in improving market access systems and eliminating local protectionism [6][10]. - Despite positive outcomes, challenges remain, including market segmentation, local protectionism, and high institutional transaction costs that hinder the flow of production factors across regions [6][10]. Group 3: Principles for Reform - The construction of a high-level socialist market economy requires a combination of effective markets and proactive government intervention, ensuring fair competition and unified property rights protection [6][7]. - The approach should include both establishing new regulations and abolishing outdated ones that hinder the development of a unified market [7]. Group 4: Global Perspective and Openness - The construction of a unified market should align with "institutional openness," connecting domestic market rules with international standards, particularly in areas like data flow and intellectual property protection [7][10]. - This alignment will enhance the internationalization of the domestic market and support the new dual circulation development pattern [7]. Group 5: Future Directions - The unified national market is a major topic for effective governance and must be approached with a systematic mindset to fully leverage both central and local advantages [7][10]. - Continuous reforms are necessary to transform China's institutional advantages into robust social productivity and global competitiveness [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article analyzes the internal logic of the integration of the securities industry under the strategy of a "unified capital market," drawing on international experiences and China's practices, and proposes suggestions for promoting high-quality integration from both regulatory and financial institution perspectives [1]. Group 1: Internal Logic of Securities Industry Integration - The "unified capital market" strategy aims to accelerate the development of a unified capital market in China, similar to the experiences of developed markets like the US and Europe, which have implemented measures such as nurturing leading institutions and integrating trading platforms [3]. - Securities firms play a crucial role in facilitating the cross-regional flow of capital, breaking information asymmetry, and enhancing market risk identification and mitigation [3]. - The integration of the securities industry is essential for the evolution of the financial industry structure, leading to efficiency, concentration, and internationalization [3][4]. Group 2: International Experience in Securities Industry Integration - The integration of the securities industry in developed markets has primarily occurred through mergers and acquisitions, which have helped create leading investment banks and asset management institutions [7]. - Diversified mergers can quickly fill business gaps and enhance overall strength, as demonstrated by Morgan Stanley's various acquisitions to strengthen its business segments [8]. - External mergers can achieve economies of scale and expand business scope, exemplified by Charles Schwab's expansion into asset management through strategic acquisitions [9]. - Consolidation within niche markets can enhance specialization, as seen with Evercore's strategic acquisitions in the advisory sector [10]. - Overseas mergers and acquisitions serve as a high-level strategy for enhancing international influence, illustrated by UBS's global expansion efforts [11]. Group 3: Role of Commercial Banks in Securities Industry Integration - In contrast to China, developed markets often adopt a mixed operation model where commercial banks actively participate in securities mergers, leading to the formation of large integrated financial groups [12]. - Historical experiences show that large banking groups possess significant capital strength and extensive client bases, which can facilitate the growth of investment banking and asset management businesses [13]. Group 4: Current Practices of Securities Industry Integration in China - China's securities industry is entering a new wave of integration, characterized by four main models, including strategic integration among leading securities firms and regional integration led by local state-owned enterprises [14]. - The merger of major firms like Guotai Junan and Haitong Securities signifies a shift towards large-scale, intensive development in the industry, enhancing capital strength and service capabilities [14].