焦守广 通讯员 马芳馨 济南报道 春节临近,在举杯欢庆、共享美食的同时,一种潜藏在餐具、食物中的"隐形杀手"可能悄悄找上门——它 就是幽门螺杆菌。这种可在人体胃部强酸环境中存活的细菌,常通过聚餐中的密切接触传播,成为威胁胃 部健康的"隐形隐患"。 可引发多种胃部疾病 "很多市民对幽门螺杆菌并不陌生,但对它的危害和传播方式了解不够深入,尤其是春节聚餐增多,交叉感 染的风险会明显上升。"济南市民族医院检验科医生刘琪表示,幽门螺杆菌并非"无关紧要"的细菌,它的传 播特性与节日聚餐场景高度契合,需重点警惕。 如何检测是否感染 那么,市民该如何判断自己是否感染幽门螺杆菌?检测过程复杂吗? 刘琪表示,目前,最常用的检测方法是碳13尿素呼气试验,这种方法无痛、无创、快速、准确,非常适合普通 市民筛查。 检测流程十分简便,市民只需满足空腹或禁水禁食禁烟2小时以上的条件,口服专用检测试剂后静坐一段时 间,对着集气袋吹口气,整个过程半小时左右即可完成,无需担心疼痛或不适。 五类人群注意筛查 不过,并非所有人都需要进行幽门螺杆菌筛查。五类建议筛查的人群: 一是经常出现胃痛、胃胀、反酸、嗳气、不明原因口臭等症状的人。 幽门螺杆菌是目 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of dietary habits and lifestyle choices in maintaining gastric health, highlighting specific foods and behaviors that can harm the stomach and suggesting ways to protect it. Group 1: Foods to Avoid - High-salt foods can irritate the gastric mucosa, increasing the risk of gastritis and potentially leading to gastric cancer. Daily salt intake should be limited to 5 grams [2][3]. - High-sugar foods can disrupt gut microbiota balance and increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Daily sugar intake should not exceed 25 grams [4][6]. - Smoking and alcohol consumption can lead to GERD and are associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. Alcohol intake should be limited to 15 grams per day [7][8][10]. - Poor dietary hygiene can lead to Helicobacter pylori infection, a significant factor in gastric diseases. Proper handwashing and food hygiene practices are recommended [10][11]. - Certain medications, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can damage the gastric mucosa. Consultation with a doctor before taking these medications is advised [12][13]. Group 2: Recommendations for Gastric Health - Increasing the intake of fresh fruits and vegetables can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants that help reduce inflammation and lower gastric cancer risk. Consuming fruits at least three times a week can reduce gastric cancer risk by 62% [15][16]. - Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial, as obesity is linked to an increased risk of gastric cancer. A Body Mass Index (BMI) of 24 or higher indicates overweight, while a BMI of 28 or higher indicates obesity [18]. - Eating in moderation and chewing food thoroughly can help reduce gastric burden and improve digestion [17].

Core Points - The article discusses five habits that are detrimental to stomach health and provides recommendations for maintaining a healthy stomach. Group 1: Harmful Habits - High salt intake can irritate the gastric mucosa and increase the risk of gastritis and stomach cancer. It is recommended to limit salt intake to 5 grams per day [3][4]. - High sugar consumption can disrupt gut microbiota balance and increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The recommended daily sugar intake is no more than 25 grams [5][7]. - Smoking and drinking alcohol can lead to GERD and are associated with an increased risk of stomach cancer. It is advised to limit alcohol intake to no more than 15 grams per day [8][10]. - Poor dietary hygiene can lead to Helicobacter pylori infection, which is linked to various gastric diseases. Maintaining cleanliness and regular disinfection of utensils is recommended [10][11]. - Long-term use of certain medications, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can damage the gastric mucosa. Consulting a doctor before taking medications is advised [12][13]. Group 2: Recommendations for Stomach Health - Consuming fresh fruits and vegetables can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants that help reduce inflammation and lower stomach cancer risk. Eating fruits at least three times a week can reduce stomach cancer risk by 62% [15][16]. - Regular consumption of soy products, which contain isoflavones, may help prevent stomach cancer [16]. - Controlling portion sizes and chewing food thoroughly can reduce the burden on the stomach [17]. - Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial, as obesity is a risk factor for stomach cancer. A Body Mass Index (BMI) of 24 or higher is considered overweight [18]. - Regular health check-ups are important, especially for those with a family history of Helicobacter pylori infection [19].

Group 1 - The long-term use of chopsticks can lead to health risks due to the accumulation of bacteria and mold in small grooves on their surface, which can compromise stomach health [1] - A study by the Shanghai Consumer Protection Commission found that chopsticks used for over 6 months have 30% more mold than new ones, with wooden and bamboo chopsticks being particularly susceptible to wear and moisture [1] - Different materials have varying replacement cycles; wooden and bamboo chopsticks should be replaced every 3-6 months, while stainless steel and ceramic chopsticks can be checked every 3 months for wear [1] Group 2 - Proper cleaning of utensils is crucial for stomach health, with a recommendation to wash chopsticks separately to reduce bacterial counts by 30%-50% compared to washing them together [2] - Boiling utensils in water at 100 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes can kill 99% of pathogens, but certain toxins require higher temperatures or alkaline treatment to eliminate [2] - The habit of consuming very hot food poses cancer risks, with recommendations to keep food temperatures between 10-40 degrees Celsius [2] Group 3 - Regular screening for Helicobacter pylori is advised as it is a major cause of gastritis and stomach cancer, with recommendations for adults to undergo testing [3] - The use of separate utensils for serving food is encouraged to prevent cross-contamination [3] - Advances in technology have made painless gastroscopy more accessible, with recommendations for adults to undergo this examination every 3-5 years for early detection of stomach diseases [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of dietary habits and lifestyle choices in maintaining gastric health, highlighting specific foods and behaviors that can harm the stomach and offering recommendations for protection. Group 1: Foods to Avoid - High-salt foods can irritate the gastric mucosa and increase the risk of gastritis and potentially gastric cancer, with a recommendation to limit salt intake to under 5 grams per day [4] - High-sugar foods can disrupt gut microbiota balance and are linked to functional dyspepsia, with a suggested daily sugar limit of 25 grams [6][5] - Smoking and drinking alcohol can lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease and are associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer; it is advised to limit alcohol intake to no more than 15 grams per day [7][9] - Poor dietary hygiene can lead to Helicobacter pylori infection, a significant factor in various gastric diseases, with recommendations for proper handwashing and food safety practices [9] - Certain medications, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can damage the gastric mucosa, and it is advised to consult a doctor before use [10] Group 2: Recommendations for Gastric Health - Increasing the intake of fresh fruits and vegetables can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants that protect gastric health, with a recommendation to fill half of each meal with vegetables [12] - Regular consumption of soy products is beneficial due to the presence of isoflavones that may induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells [14] - Eating in moderation and chewing food thoroughly can help reduce gastric burden, with a suggestion to eat until 70-80% full [15] - Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial, as obesity is linked to an increased risk of gastric cancer; BMI should be monitored, with specific thresholds for overweight and obesity provided [16]