撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 环境、社会和遗传因素促使人们暴饮暴食并减少身体运动，从而导致体重增加。随着时间的推移，体重增加通常与高血压、血脂异常和心血管疾病的发展有关。 肥胖相关的血脂异常的特征是血清甘油三酯 （TG） 水平升高、低密度脂蛋白 （LDL） 胆固醇水平升高以及高密度脂蛋白 （HDL） 胆固醇水平低，这种血脂谱 型具有促动脉粥样硬化作用。然而，肥胖导致血脂水平变化的机制尚不清楚。 2025 年 10 月 16 日，剑桥大学的研究人员在国际顶尖医学期刊 Nature Medicine 上发表了题为： Obesity due to MC4R deficiency is associated with reduced cholesterol, triglycerides and cardiovascular disease risk 的研究论文。 肥胖 通常与 低密度脂蛋白 胆固醇 水平升高以及 心血管疾病 风险增加有关。而这项研究带来一项矛盾的发现——携带 MC4R 基因突变的人会 严重肥胖 ，但他 们 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 水平较低，且 心脏病 患病风险也低于体重指数 （BMI） 相似的同 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant advancements in the field of functional oils, particularly focusing on the clinical research conducted by Peking University and Zhidai Technology, which highlights the health benefits of glycerol diester oil in improving lipid metabolism and reducing cardiovascular disease risks [2][5][14]. Group 1: Research Background - Cardiovascular disease prevention requires lifestyle interventions, with dietary fat intake being a critical factor. Over 95% of traditional cooking oils are triglycerides, which are linked to increased triglyceride levels and related health risks [4]. - The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in China has surpassed 330 million, necessitating effective management strategies to address public health and healthcare costs [4]. Group 2: Clinical Research Findings - A randomized controlled trial involving 120 healthy participants was conducted over 8 weeks to assess the effects of glycerol diester oil on various metabolic indicators [7][10]. - The study showed significant improvements in six key lipid metabolism indicators, including blood lipids, visceral fat, uric acid, body fat, and waist circumference, without altering participants' usual dietary habits [11][12]. Group 3: Implications and Innovations - Zhidai Technology, as a pioneer in the glycerol diester field, fills a research gap in the clinical application of high-purity glycerol diester oils, providing reliable data to support functional oils' use [14]. - The research offers an innovative non-pharmaceutical intervention for high-risk populations, allowing for lipid metabolism rebalancing through oil substitution without dietary changes, thus contributing to chronic disease prevention strategies [14].

Core Viewpoint - The study reveals that genetic-nutrition interactions control diurnal enhancer-promoter dynamics and liver lipid metabolism, highlighting the importance of genetic and environmental factors in metabolic processes [3][5]. Group 1 - Genetic variations lead to differences in the circadian patterns of gene expression in the liver of humans and mice [4]. - Nutritional challenges alter the rhythmic expression of liver genes in a strain-specific manner [4]. - Over 80% of rhythmic genes and enhancer-promoter interactions are interdependent on genetic and nutritional factors [5]. Group 2 - An atypical clock regulatory factor, estrogen-related receptor gamma (ESRRγ), emerges as a key transcription factor in the study [4]. - Knockout of the Esrrγ gene in mice eliminates strain-specific metabolic responses to diet [4]. - Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with rhythmic gene expression are enriched in enhancer-promoter interactions and correlate with lipid metabolism characteristics in humans [6]. Group 3 - The findings emphasize the previously underappreciated temporal dimension of genetic-environment interactions in regulating lipid metabolism traits [8]. - The research has significant implications for understanding individual differences in susceptibility to obesity-related diseases and personalized timing therapies [8].

Core Viewpoint - The research conducted by Wuhan University focuses on the mechanism by which PCSK9 promotes the degradation of LDLR, offering new hope for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia [2][3]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study reveals that PCSK9 obstructs the recycling of LDLR, leading to its degradation in lysosomes, which is critical for understanding cholesterol metabolism [2]. - Various cell lines, including HuH7 and LDLR knockout HuH7 cells, were utilized to explore the intricate regulatory mechanisms between PCSK9 and LDLR [2]. - The research involved multiple experimental stages, including validating the impact of SNX17 on LDLR recycling and investigating how PCSK9 interferes with this process [2]. Group 2: Product Usage - The research utilized ExCell Bio FSP500, a premium fetal bovine serum, which is essential for maintaining cell growth and functionality in vitro [3]. - The choice of fetal bovine serum is crucial, as improper selection can significantly affect experimental outcomes and publication potential [6]. Group 3: Industry Standards and Safety - The International Serum Industry Association (ISIA) emphasizes the importance of traceability in serum sourcing to ensure product quality and safety [6]. - The prevalence of smuggled serum from countries with frequent bovine diseases poses significant safety risks for researchers [8]. - Recent incidents, such as the smuggling case involving 12 million yuan worth of bovine serum, highlight the need for stringent regulations and compliance in the serum industry [10]. Group 4: Company Credentials - ExCell Bio is recognized as a leading global manufacturer of fetal bovine serum, with a strong commitment to safeguarding biological safety [12][14]. - The company ensures that all serum products are traceable to their source and meet rigorous quality standards through proper documentation [14][15].