加快培育自主品种的同时，团队也积极联合龙头企业共建育繁推示范基地，实现从实验室到货架的"加速跑"。 南京农业大学校长、菊花遗传与种质创新利用团队负责人陈发棣介绍说，菊花原产中国，是我国传统名花和世界四大切花之一，但曾经很长 时间，产业却面临"卡脖子"困境——切花菊等商业品种95%以上依赖进口，且品种单一、抗性差，野生和近缘种质资源分布零散、家底不清、性 状不明，优异资源挖掘滞后，自主品种选育严重迟缓。 立志培育出优质抗逆、适应产业需求的自主品种，以陈发棣为牵头人的南京农业大学菊花遗传与种质创新利用团队从上世纪90年代起正式开 启菊花遗传育种研究。从云贵高原到青藏冰川，从东海之滨到西北荒漠，团队成员们对野生菊花资源进行系统搜集、整理、保存与评价。 在这些珍贵资源基础上，近年来，团队持续选育出不同花期的切花菊、园林小菊、盆栽小菊等系列新品种400余个，为"中国花"用"中国种"提 供了品种支撑。截至2025年，团队育成的切花菊、园林小菊品种已分别占我国市场上相关商业化品种的30%和60%，辐射70%的产区，打破了国外 品种垄断。 南京农业大学校长、菊花遗传与种质创新利用团队负责人陈发棣指导学生开展菊花杂交育种。（受 ...

Core Viewpoint - The flower industry in Henan province, particularly in cities like Nanyang, Luoyang, and Kaifeng, is experiencing growth but faces challenges in production levels, transaction models, and the need for value-added products [1][4][15]. Group 1: Industry Development - Nanyang is recognized as the largest base for rose seedling cultivation in China, with 155,000 acres of flower fields producing 1.6 billion seedlings annually, employing 150,000 people [2]. - The city has transformed its rose industry by creating a "Rose Big Market" that showcases various rose varieties and offers comprehensive solutions beyond just seedling sales [2][4]. - The market for roses is expanding, with 88 cities in China designating roses as their city flower, leading to a surge in themed parks [4]. Group 2: Challenges and Opportunities - Despite holding 60% of the national market share for rose seedlings, Nanyang faces challenges in product development, brand building, and secondary processing capabilities [4]. - The flower industry in Henan is primarily focused on the first industry (seedling production), with limited development in secondary (processing) and tertiary (services) industries [4][15]. - There is a call for deeper exploration of the multi-functional value of roses, including medicinal, culinary, and industrial applications [4]. Group 3: Innovations and Trends - The flower industry is shifting from traditional sales methods to e-commerce and live streaming, with online sales currently accounting for less than 20% of transactions [10][12]. - Companies are encouraged to adopt digital technologies to enhance the efficiency of flower production and sales, aiming for a transformation from "product sales" to "horticultural lifestyle services" [14]. - The introduction of new technologies and equipment is improving production processes, such as the drying of peony flowers, which has doubled efficiency [7][8]. Group 4: Future Directions - The Henan province aims to increase its flower cultivation area to 1.363 million acres by the end of 2024, with 551,000 people employed in the industry [15]. - There is a focus on enhancing the quality of flower products and developing unique varieties with intellectual property rights [15][16]. - The province plans to establish a comprehensive flower trading platform that integrates trading, warehousing, and tourism, positioning itself as a national and global flower distribution center [13][14].