（原标题：花朝节：古人最浪漫的"嘉年华"｜新知） 文博时空 作者：徐之南 《花神胜会》 潘振镛（1852～1921） 赏花——饮酒赋诗 在春意盎然的时节，北宋文学家钱惟演的牡丹园迎来了又一年的花开盛景，钱惟演的朋友们早早便来到 了园内，吟诗作赋、泼墨绘画，大抒雅怀。牡丹园中，繁花似锦的景象与朋友们的笑颜相映成趣，勾勒 出了一幅充满温馨与欢愉的画面。不禁让人想起邵雍的诗句："洛阳人惯见奇葩，桃李花开未当花。须 是牡丹花盛发，满城方始乐无涯。"诗人张子望也描述过这样的场景："平生自是爱花人，到处寻芳不遇 真。只道人间无正色，今朝初见洛阳春。" 原来，钱惟演任留洛阳期间四处寻访牡丹，当他看到出自邙山姚家的"姚黄"和魏相府的"魏花"后，禁不 住惊呼："人谓牡丹花王，'姚黄'真可为王，而'魏花'为后也。"从此，他开始亲自种花，在公署后面建 了一座十几亩大的牡丹园，栽满了牡丹，在御署双桂楼座后的小屏上记述了90余种。 此后，文人墨客络绎不绝，以牡丹园为中心举办起盛大的赏花宴会——万花会。万花会上，用花千万 朵。无论是文人雅士还是普通百姓，都争相观赏，街道上车水马龙，热闹非凡，笙歌舞乐不断。北宋政 治家文彦博在《游花市示之 ...

Group 1 - The development of local specialty industries is being supported by financial institutions, which provide essential funding to enhance the growth of these industries and improve the livelihoods of local communities [1] - The kiwi fruit industry in Hongda Village, Shaanxi, has become a significant agricultural sector, with a planting area of 2,650 acres and financial support from local banks helping to alleviate initial funding challenges [2][3] - The integration of technology in agriculture, such as the implementation of a smart agricultural system, has led to reduced production costs and increased product quality in the kiwi industry [3] Group 2 - In Heze, Shandong, the peony industry has transformed into a "flower economy," with an expected total output value of over 13 billion yuan in 2024, creating employment for over 500,000 people [4] - Financial support from banks has enabled peony growers to expand their operations significantly, with one grower increasing their planting area to over 700 acres and achieving annual sales exceeding 5 million yuan [5] - The establishment of over 120 peony production and processing enterprises has contributed to the development of a complete industrial chain around the peony flower [6] Group 3 - In Salt Border County, Sichuan, the mulberry industry has seen significant growth, with local farmers increasing their planting area and production capacity due to financial support from postal savings banks [7][8] - The establishment of modern cold storage facilities has improved the supply chain for mulberry products, enhancing their marketability and reducing waste [7] - The mulberry industry has diversified into various products, creating a circular economy that adds value to the entire supply chain [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The transformation of previously idle land in Inner Mongolia into a flourishing peony flower economy demonstrates the successful integration of agriculture and tourism, enhancing both ecological and economic benefits for the local community [1][2]. Group 1: Economic Development - The peony flower industry has created over 100 jobs, with villagers earning an additional annual income of 40,000 to 50,000 yuan through land transfer and participation in flower care and tourism services [2]. - The flower garden, covering over 1,500 acres, was previously an abandoned area that has now become a significant source of income for local farmers [1][2]. Group 2: Agricultural Innovation - The introduction of a forestry technology company has led to the cultivation of peonies and other flowers in previously unused land, enhancing the area's agricultural productivity [1]. - The peony flowers are not only for ornamental purposes but also have medicinal value, with plans to establish procurement agreements with enterprises for the roots once they mature [2]. Group 3: Tourism and Cultural Integration - The first Peony Cultural Festival was held, showcasing local agricultural products and promoting the integration of flower cultivation with tourism, thereby addressing the challenge of reduced visitor numbers after the flower season [3]. - The development of seasonal picking tourism projects and the establishment of standardized greenhouses for various fruits and vegetables aim to attract visitors year-round, ensuring continuous economic activity [3].

Group 1: Tourism and Economic Impact - During the May Day holiday, Changshu received 1.5319 million tourists, a year-on-year increase of 6.33%, generating a total tourism revenue of 138.3998 million yuan, up 4.9% year-on-year, highlighting its appeal as a tourist destination in the Yangtze River Delta region [1] - From 2018 to 2023, wetland-themed parks in Changshu attracted 13.8 million visitors, generating direct tourism revenue of 636 million yuan, significantly benefiting surrounding industries such as dining and accommodation [2] Group 2: Biodiversity and Environmental Protection - Changshu has effectively protected rare and endangered species, with the number of bird species increasing from 136 in 2011 to 328 in 2023, showcasing successful biodiversity conservation efforts [2] - The city has developed a wetland protection model that emphasizes ecological civilization, innovation, and the harmonious coexistence of urban development and wetland conservation [1][2] Group 3: Agricultural Development - Changshu has a pond aquaculture area of 90,200 acres, producing approximately 24,800 tons of various aquatic products annually, with the primary industry output value exceeding 1.463 billion yuan [8] - The ecological and economic benefits of the primary industry have been realized through new technologies and mechanisms, meeting local and international market demands [8] Group 4: Cultural and Creative Industries - The 34th Jiangsu (Changshu) Shanghu Peony Festival integrates technology, culture, and creativity, enhancing the visitor experience and promoting local cultural heritage [10] - Local government initiatives have led to the development of creative products based on local history, such as limited edition peony-themed gifts, contributing to the growth of the cultural and creative industries [10] Group 5: Policy and Legislative Framework - Jiangsu Province has initiated biodiversity baseline surveys across 95 counties, with 93 completed, revealing a total of 8,842 species, including 176 nationally protected species [13] - The implementation of the Jiangsu Provincial Biodiversity Protection Regulations marks a significant step in local biodiversity legislation, following similar efforts in Yunnan and Shandong [13]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the high-quality construction of rural revitalization zones in Heze, Shandong, as a key strategy for promoting comprehensive rural revitalization and achieving economic growth through effective industry development and improved living conditions [2][5]. Group 1: Industry Development - Heze has adopted a regional approach to rural revitalization, focusing on the development of the flower economy, particularly in Mudan District, Dingtao District, and Dongming County, which has led to the establishment of high-quality flower bases and the integration of related industries such as cultural tourism [3][6]. - The city aims to strengthen its agricultural economy by promoting specialty industries like traditional Chinese medicine, garlic, and asparagus, while also enhancing the flower industry to drive economic and ecological benefits [6]. Group 2: Community Improvement - Significant progress has been made in rural construction, with professional design firms engaged to enhance overall planning, resulting in the successful establishment of a national-level rural comprehensive reform pilot area [3][4]. - Efforts to improve living conditions include initiatives focused on greening, beautifying, and hardening rural environments, which have led to increased satisfaction among residents [3]. Group 3: Economic Opportunities - The establishment of enterprises and workshops in rural areas has created job opportunities for nearly a thousand people, with innovative models like "digital fish ponds" contributing to increased incomes for local farmers [3][4]. - The development of local businesses, such as the "duck cake" from Guizhuang Village, has expanded market reach, showcasing the potential for rural entrepreneurship [3]. Group 4: Cultural Heritage and Community Identity - The preservation and development of traditional residences and historical sites in Chengwu County have fostered a sense of belonging and cultural identity, with initiatives that combine agriculture and tourism [4]. - The creation of cultural practice demonstration points and immersive performances has revitalized local heritage and promoted community engagement [4]. Group 5: Strategic Planning and Governance - Heze's government emphasizes the importance of strategic planning and resource integration to enhance rural revitalization efforts, aiming for comprehensive coverage within 3-5 years [5]. - Focus areas include strengthening rural industries, improving infrastructure, enhancing public services, and solidifying grassroots governance to ensure sustainable development [5].

Group 1 - The article highlights the rich cultural heritage of various Chinese cities through their historical artifacts and symbols, showcasing how these items reflect the wisdom and history of ancient civilizations [2][4][6] - Specific artifacts such as the Sun God Bird gold ornament from Chengdu and the透雕龙凤纹重环玉佩 from Guangzhou are emphasized for their cultural significance and representation of their respective cities [7][11] - The narrative connects these artifacts to local legends and traditions, illustrating their importance in contemporary culture and identity [16][21][26] Group 2 - The article mentions the Copper Galloping Horse from Wuwei, which has become a symbol of cultural diplomacy for China, representing the country's rich history and craftsmanship [31][33] - It also discusses the significance of the Terracotta Army in Xi'an and the peony in Luoyang, further emphasizing the unique cultural identities of these cities [39][41] - The piece concludes by encouraging exploration of these cultural landmarks, suggesting that understanding a city is best achieved through its museums and historical sites [52]

Core Viewpoint - The event "2025 National Peony Flower Competition" in Heze marks a significant step in integrating the flower industry with rural revitalization, showcasing the region's potential in the peony and herbaceous peony market [2][5]. Industry Development - Heze has established itself as the largest production base for fresh-cut herbaceous peonies in China, with a planting area exceeding 50,000 acres and an annual output of over 120 million stems, accounting for more than 60% of the national market share [5]. - The city is transitioning from a focus on peonies alone to a dual-flower strategy, promoting both peonies and herbaceous peonies to enhance economic growth and rural revitalization [5]. Event Highlights - The flower competition attracted over 100 floral enterprises, featuring both popular varieties and new potential products, with awards given based on international standards [2][3]. - The event introduced four innovative measures to stimulate industry vitality, including a professional competition area, showcasing potential new varieties, integrating floral art with industry, and providing comprehensive technical support across the supply chain [3]. Technological Advancements - The herbaceous peony supply period has been extended from the Spring Festival to the Qixi Festival through advanced technologies such as temperature control and light regulation, filling market gaps [4]. - A new air freight service has been launched, allowing for 24-hour delivery of fresh flowers to 80% of major cities in China, doubling delivery efficiency and extending the flower's market availability by 30% [4]. Economic Impact - The flower industry has created significant employment opportunities, with daily harvests reaching 80,000 to 100,000 stems and peak labor demands exceeding 500 workers, resulting in an average daily income of 260 yuan per worker [4]. - The integration of flower tourism with local attractions has drawn over 200,000 visitors during the Flower Festival, enhancing the region's cultural and economic landscape [4].

提起牡丹，人们想到的词是国色天香、花团锦簇、五彩缤纷等。但最初的野生牡丹，均是单瓣且花色单 一的。 那么，牡丹是如何演化成如今的样子呢？4月30日，洛阳国家牡丹园种质资源繁育圃内，一项正在为牡 丹"点蕊"的工作给出了答案。 "我们做的杂交授粉，就是牡丹新品种培育的开端。"国家牡丹园高级工程师闫三妮介绍，我国栽培牡丹 的历史久远，以前培育新花色主要是通过牡丹的自然变化和人工嫁接，如今则采取定向杂交技术。 花开期，是牡丹育种的关键期。每到此时，闫三妮便会来这里"点蕊"。 三天前，她就用镊子把一片尚未盛开的牡丹母本的黄色雄蕊去除干净，并套上标有日期的袋子。 "'去雄'是防止自花授粉，套袋则是避免串粉。"闫三妮说，"今天，保留下来的雌蕊已经分泌黏液，就可 以按之前设计的杂交方案，将另一种牡丹雄蕊上的花粉涂抹在雌蕊的柱头上，完成杂交授粉。" "首先，要牢牢守住花卉品种里中国基因的重要地位。"国家牡丹园副主任赵国栋说，文献记载，中国人 选育观赏性植物已有2000多年的历史。如今市场上流行的很多花卉，有相当多的品种，其基因来自中 国，这对世界花卉发展也是一种重要贡献。 "然后就要经历一个杂交品种从产生种子、种子发芽生根开花 ...

Core Viewpoint - The flower industry in Henan province, particularly in cities like Nanyang, Luoyang, and Kaifeng, is experiencing growth but faces challenges in production levels, transaction models, and the need for value-added products [1][4][15]. Group 1: Industry Development - Nanyang is recognized as the largest base for rose seedling cultivation in China, with 155,000 acres of flower fields producing 1.6 billion seedlings annually, employing 150,000 people [2]. - The city has transformed its rose industry by creating a "Rose Big Market" that showcases various rose varieties and offers comprehensive solutions beyond just seedling sales [2][4]. - The market for roses is expanding, with 88 cities in China designating roses as their city flower, leading to a surge in themed parks [4]. Group 2: Challenges and Opportunities - Despite holding 60% of the national market share for rose seedlings, Nanyang faces challenges in product development, brand building, and secondary processing capabilities [4]. - The flower industry in Henan is primarily focused on the first industry (seedling production), with limited development in secondary (processing) and tertiary (services) industries [4][15]. - There is a call for deeper exploration of the multi-functional value of roses, including medicinal, culinary, and industrial applications [4]. Group 3: Innovations and Trends - The flower industry is shifting from traditional sales methods to e-commerce and live streaming, with online sales currently accounting for less than 20% of transactions [10][12]. - Companies are encouraged to adopt digital technologies to enhance the efficiency of flower production and sales, aiming for a transformation from "product sales" to "horticultural lifestyle services" [14]. - The introduction of new technologies and equipment is improving production processes, such as the drying of peony flowers, which has doubled efficiency [7][8]. Group 4: Future Directions - The Henan province aims to increase its flower cultivation area to 1.363 million acres by the end of 2024, with 551,000 people employed in the industry [15]. - There is a focus on enhancing the quality of flower products and developing unique varieties with intellectual property rights [15][16]. - The province plans to establish a comprehensive flower trading platform that integrates trading, warehousing, and tourism, positioning itself as a national and global flower distribution center [13][14].