每当缺氧"警报"拉响，就会触发交感神经兴奋，导致心率飙升、血管收缩、夜间血压异常增高等症状，进而损伤血管壁，增加心脑血管疾 病风险。 近年来，我国年轻人群心血管疾病问题日益突出，心脏健康并非老年人的专属，年轻人也需提高警惕，其中压力与焦虑是心脏健康的"隐 形杀手"。 9月29日是世界心脏日，心血管疾病作为威胁人类生命健康的头号"杀手"，正在侵袭越来越多的年轻人。近年来，在一些年龄相对不是很大 的心血管疾病的死亡案例中，很多发生在悄无声息的夜间。 今年世界心脏日的主题为"律动不息"。中国科学院院士、复旦大学附属中山医院心内科主任葛均波教授在近日的科普中指出，影响心血管 健康的，除了传统的"四高"（高血压、高血脂、高血糖、高体重），膳食营养、环境污染、睡眠与心理健康等因素同样不容忽视，其中阻 塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是不容忽视的新兴危险因素。 OSA是指由于气道变窄或阻塞而导致睡眠期间的呼吸中断，全球30岁至69岁人群中预估约有9.36亿人群患有OSA。据《柳叶刀》数据，我 国约有1.76亿人群罹患OSA，居全球首位，其中，中重度OSA患者高达6552万。这一数据还在不断上升，预计到今年将超过2亿。 OSA往往 ...

Core Insights - The approval of tirzepatide (brand name: Mounjaro) by the NMPA for treating moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults marks a significant milestone as it is the first and only prescription drug for OSA globally [1] - Clinical data from Eli Lilly indicates that adult patients receiving tirzepatide treatment experience an average weight loss of 20% and a reduction of at least 27 episodes of hypopnea or apnea per hour during sleep [1] - The prevalence of OSA in China is estimated at 23.6%, with 8.8% being moderate to severe cases, and approximately 41% of these patients are also obese [2] Company Developments - Eli Lilly has received approval for tirzepatide for two indications in the past year: type 2 diabetes and long-term weight management, with the latest approval for OSA requiring dietary control and increased physical activity [1] - The FDA approved the OSA indication for tirzepatide in December last year, and further approvals in more countries will enhance Eli Lilly's competitive position in the weight loss drug market [3] Industry Context - OSA is characterized by airway obstruction during sleep, leading to breathing interruptions, and is associated with various cardiovascular diseases [2] - The number of individuals suffering from OSA in China is projected to exceed 200 million this year, indicating a growing public health concern [2]