（来源：黑龙江日报） 转自：黑龙江日报 张 超 杨凯晴 坚持"两个毫不动摇"，促进多种所有制经济共同发展。持续深化国资国企改革，完善中国特色现代企业 制度，推动国有资本和国有企业做强做优做大。同时，大力优化民营经济发展环境，破除制约民营企业 公平参与市场竞争的壁垒，依法保护民营企业产权和企业家权益，从制度和法律上落实对各类所有制企 业一视同仁、平等对待的要求。 构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制，保障竞争公平有序。深化要素市场化配置改革，消除阻碍劳动力、 资本、技术、数据等要素自由流动的体制障碍。强化反垄断和反不正当竞争，打破地方保护和行政性垄 断，清理和废除妨碍全国统一大市场建设的各项规定。政府当好市场秩序的"裁判员"，而不是直接下场 当"运动员"，通过建立明确的规则和严格的执法，确保所有经营主体在公平的赛场上竞技。 创新宏观经济治理 提升政策效能 现代市场经济运行离不开有效的政府宏观调控。有为政府必须具备高水平宏观经济治理能力，能够灵活 运用各种政策工具，平抑经济波动，引导长期发展。 完善宏观经济政策制定和执行机制，增强宏观政策取向一致性。党的二十届四中全会指出，"加强财 政、货币政策协同""增强宏观政策取向 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the approval of a pilot program for the market-oriented allocation of factors in various regions of China, emphasizing the need for reform in the factor market to enhance economic efficiency and productivity [1][8]. Group 1: Reasons for Initiating Factor Market Reform - The factor market in China is less developed compared to commodity and service markets, necessitating reform to improve market efficiency [1][8]. - The pilot program is set to last for two years, aiming for completion by 2027, following previous top-level designs and plans established in 2020 and 2022 [1][8]. Group 2: Selected Pilot Cities - The pilot cities include key regions such as Beijing, Suzhou, Hangzhou, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area, aligning with national strategic development goals [1][9]. - The selected cities collectively account for over 25% of the national economic output in 2024, indicating their significant influence and potential for reform [1][10]. Group 3: Elements Involved in Marketization Reform - The reform encompasses various factors including technology, land, labor, data, capital, resources, and new types of factors such as computing power and spectrum [2][10]. - Specific initiatives include promoting technology transfer, deepening industrial land market reforms, facilitating labor mobility, and enhancing data application scenarios [2][10]. Group 4: Data Factor Marketization - The main approach for data factor marketization involves exploring circulation mechanisms and application scenarios to realize value [2][12]. - Key tasks include enhancing public data resource sharing, fostering collaborative innovation in data applications, and establishing data circulation trading mechanisms [2][12][14]. Group 5: Technology Factor Marketization - The focus is on creating a unified national technology market, including establishing regulatory frameworks and promoting interconnectivity among technology trading platforms [3][15]. - Initiatives include developing financial products to support technology transfer and enhancing international technology cooperation [3][15][16]. Group 6: Land Factor Marketization - The reform aims to increase flexibility in land resource usage, including deepening land management reforms and innovating industrial land supply [4][18]. - Strategies involve revitalizing underutilized land and promoting mixed-use land management to meet diverse industrial needs [4][19]. Group 7: Human Resource Factor Marketization - The reform emphasizes improving talent evaluation and compensation systems, enhancing public employment services, and fostering a conducive environment for talent mobility [6][20]. - Key initiatives include expanding job opportunities, strengthening employment services, and optimizing the market environment for human resources [6][21][22]. Group 8: Economic Impact of Factor Marketization Reform - The reform is seen as a crucial step in building a high-standard market system in China, addressing supply-demand imbalances, and enhancing micro-efficiency [7][23]. - It is expected to stimulate long-term investment opportunities in areas such as data asset formation, technology innovation, and land utilization [7][23].

Group 1: Market Environment and Business Opportunities - The Beijing Subway's Line 12 has created a bustling environment for businesses, such as a bakery near the Anhua Bridge station, indicating a positive impact on local commerce [1] - The Beijing market regulatory authority has streamlined the process for businesses to obtain operating licenses by allowing subway operators to issue proof of address, facilitating the establishment of new stores [2] - As of May, the number of business entities in China exceeded 191 million, with 10.975 million new entities established in the first five months of the year, reflecting stable growth in various business sectors [2] Group 2: Regulatory Improvements and Business Support - Jiangsu's market regulatory authority has implemented measures to reduce the burden on businesses by conducting joint inspections, which minimizes disruptions and allows companies to focus on development [3] - A recent initiative in Jiangsu has addressed issues of excessive fees and fines, recovering nearly 100 million yuan for businesses through the rectification of problematic charges [3] Group 3: Fair Competition and Market Integrity - The Gansu market regulatory authority has taken action against local administrative abuses that restricted competition, allowing businesses to choose their waste management service providers freely [4] - The market regulatory authority has launched special actions to maintain fair competition, targeting barriers to the free flow of goods and local protectionism [4] Group 4: Quality Enhancement and Technological Advancement - The Liaoning market regulatory authority has supported local manufacturers in overcoming technical challenges, leading to the successful development of advanced watch components that meet international standards [5] - Continuous quality improvement initiatives by market regulatory bodies aim to enhance the competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing and strengthen brand influence in international markets [5]