营商环境与产业发展关系辨析 良好的营商环境能够吸引各类生产要素的集聚，为产业发展提供充足的"养分"。优质的政策环境通过税 收优惠、财政补贴降低企业成本；高效的政务服务简化流程、缩短项目落地周期；公平的市场环境激发 企业创新活力，三者共同推动产业升级。 张超妮 产业发展宛如一棵茁壮成长的大树，而营商环境则是滋养这棵大树的土壤与根基。在"十五五"规划的关 键时期，深入探究营商环境规划如何为产业发展服务，对于推动经济高质量发展、提升区域竞争力具有 举足轻重的意义。 反之，产业发展也能够反哺营商环境。产业的繁荣可增加地方财政收入，为政府改善基础设施、提升公 共服务（如教育、医疗）提供支撑，进而优化营商环境、吸引人才与企业。此外，产业的升级与创新也 能够促使政府不断调整政策，优化管理方式，以适应产业发展的新需求，从而推动营商环境的持续优 化。 在现实中，营商环境与产业发展"两张皮"的现象依然存在，这在一定程度上制约了经济的发展。一些政 策看似优惠力度很大，但对于特定产业的企业来说，却难以真正享受到实惠。 理念转变为以产业发展为导向 以往的营商环境优化往往侧重于出台单一的政策扶持，如税收减免、租金补贴等。然而，在"十五五 ...

记者丨 柳宁馨 编辑丨周上祺 近期，南京都市圈已经启动了新一轮发展规划编制工作。作为我国第一个获批的都市圈，其上 一轮规划已到期，更新规划也意味着开启现代化都市圈建设新阶段。 2024年南京都市圈地区 生产总值超5.4万亿元，综合实力位居全国都市圈前列。 （南京主城区夜景，拍摄：柳宁馨） 现代化都市圈规划建设始于2019年。当年，国家发改委出台了《关于培育发展现代化都市圈的 指导意见》，明确提出培育发展一批现代化都市圈，形成区域竞争新优势。 截至目前， 获得国家发改委函复的国家级都市圈已经增至17个 ，分别是南京、福州、成都、 长株潭、西安、重庆、武汉、沈阳、杭州、郑州、广州、深圳、青岛、济南、厦漳泉、合肥和 石家庄都市圈。 其中，南京、福州、成都、长株潭、西安、重庆等较早获批的都市圈，规划期都是到2025年， 这些都市圈也将启动新一轮规划编制。 同城化提升 目前，南京都市圈正处于从"地理临近"向"功能提升"转变的阶段，重心是轨道一体化与一小时 通勤、产业协同与供应链对接、公共服务共建、实现跨省协同治理。 （南京南站，拍摄：柳宁馨） 江苏省社科院社会政策所所长张春龙告诉21世纪经济报道记者，南京都市圈同城化与 ...

Group 1 - The opening ceremony of over 6,000 graduate students at Renmin University marks the official operation of the Tongzhou campus, contributing to the educational landscape in Beijing's sub-center [1] - Prior to this, Tongzhou had only three undergraduate institutions with fewer than 2,000 graduate students, indicating a significant increase in higher education capacity in the area [2] - The Beijing sub-center is set to maintain an investment intensity of 100 billion annually throughout the 14th Five-Year Plan, facilitating the aggregation of various resources [3] Group 2 - The State Council has approved a pilot implementation plan for market-oriented allocation of factors in several regions, with Beijing's sub-center being one of the ten pilot areas [4] - The sub-center is already a national green development demonstration zone and is exploring innovative reforms, such as establishing a state-owned enterprise R&D reserve fund system [4][12] - The construction of the Tsinghua University Tongzhou Financial Development and Talent Training Base is underway, expected to become a high-end financial talent training hub [7][8] Group 3 - The financial sector's value added is projected to maintain around 10% of Tongzhou's GDP from 2022 to 2024, with significant projects like Xiaomi Auto and SMIC driving growth in automotive manufacturing and integrated circuits [8] - The digital economy's core industry revenue is expected to exceed 60 billion, with growth rates leading the city [8] - The pilot areas emphasize the importance of new industries and service sector resource allocation, focusing on strategic needs and current industrial foundations [10] Group 4 - The Beijing sub-center aims to attract global talent and enhance international cooperation in financial services, with specific measures to broaden the recognition of overseas professional qualifications [14][15] - The region is positioned as a bridge for coordinated development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, with ongoing efforts to enhance institutional frameworks and mechanisms [18] - The establishment of a large-scale elderly care community in neighboring Hebei reflects the focus on integrating various service sectors, including healthcare and elder care [19][20]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the importance of multilateralism, open cooperation, and collective development among BRICS nations to address global challenges and promote a fair international order [1][2] - The article outlines three key suggestions from President Xi Jinping: uphold multilateralism to defend international justice, maintain an open and win-win international economic order, and strengthen unity and cooperation among BRICS countries [1][2] Group 2 - Vice Premier Zhang Guoqing's research in Sichuan focuses on promoting the deep integration of technological and industrial innovation, enhancing industrial innovation capabilities, and fostering new quality productivity for high-quality development [3][4] - The State Council's approval of the pilot implementation plan for market-oriented allocation of factors in ten regions aims to break down barriers to the free flow and efficient allocation of resources, including traditional and innovative factors [5][6] - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration's implementation opinions on "Artificial Intelligence + Energy" aim to establish a collaborative innovation system by 2027, with a goal of achieving world-leading levels in AI applications within the energy sector by 2030 [7][8] Group 3 - The 17th meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress highlighted the need to implement policies to unleash domestic demand, promote technological and industrial innovation, and ensure coordinated regional development [9][10] - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's meeting emphasized the importance of maintaining a reasonable proportion of manufacturing, enhancing supply chain resilience, and accelerating the development of emerging industries [11][12] - The State Council's opinions on releasing sports consumption potential aim to build a modern sports industry system, with a target of exceeding 7 trillion yuan in total scale by 2030 [13][14] Group 4 - The "Power Equipment Industry Growth Stabilization Work Plan (2025-2026)" sets a target for traditional power equipment revenue growth to maintain around 6% annually, while ensuring effective supply and promoting key equipment breakthroughs [15][16]

Core Viewpoint - The State Council has approved a pilot implementation plan for the market-oriented allocation of factors in several regions, with key cities in Southern Jiangsu, including Nanjing and Zhenjiang, being designated as trial areas, indicating an expansion of the "Southern Jiangsu model" [1][2][3] Group 1: Definition and Historical Context - The concept of "Southern Jiangsu" originated from the 1983 work of Fei Xiaotong, which referred to the "Southern Jiangsu model" established in the 1980s [2] - The official definition of "Southern Jiangsu" has evolved, with Nanjing and Zhenjiang being incorporated into the Southern Jiangsu category in 2001, reflecting a shift in regional economic development [2][3] Group 2: Economic Performance and Structure - The five cities of Southern Jiangsu (Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, and Zhenjiang) are interconnected through cultural and economic ties, with all but Zhenjiang being members of the "trillion GDP club" [6][9] - Zhenjiang's GDP for 2024 is projected at 554 billion, lagging behind the other four cities, which are all among the top ten in per capita GDP in the country [6][7] Group 3: Transportation and Infrastructure - Transportation connectivity is crucial for facilitating factor flow, with significant infrastructure developments like the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway and the recent opening of the Shanghai-Nanjing High-speed Railway enhancing intercity connections [10][11] - The "linear agglomeration" model is emerging, where cities along transportation corridors can optimize resource allocation and enhance economic collaboration [19] Group 4: Regional Cooperation and Innovation - The Southern Jiangsu region is seen as a model for regional cooperation, with a focus on collaborative industrial development and innovation, particularly in high-tech sectors [17][19] - The establishment of the Southern Jiangsu National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone aims to create a hub for advanced manufacturing and technology integration [17][19]

Core Viewpoint - The effective revitalization of idle land is becoming a crucial measure for optimizing resource allocation and stabilizing the real estate market, supported by a series of national policies aimed at facilitating the market-oriented activation of idle land [3][4][12]. Policy Support - A series of supporting policies have been introduced at the national level to provide institutional guarantees for the market-oriented activation of idle land, including adjustments to planning indicators, land function conversion, and the establishment of re-transfer platforms [4][12][13]. - The Ministry of Natural Resources has outlined specific tasks for pilot areas, focusing on deepening land management reforms, innovating industrial land supply, and revitalizing idle and low-efficiency land [3][4]. Pilot Areas - Ten pilot areas for comprehensive reform of factor market allocation have been identified, including major urban centers and economic clusters, with the aim to complete pilot tasks by 2027 [3][6]. - Each pilot area is expected to implement tailored measures based on local resources and development needs, creating a demonstration effect for revitalizing idle land [6][9]. Market Mechanisms - The establishment of a multi-dimensional market-oriented disposal system for idle land has been initiated, including measures such as "mortgage transfer" of real estate land and support for cooperative development [12][13]. - Financial support from the central bank and other financial institutions is being mobilized to facilitate the acquisition of idle land by qualified enterprises, thereby alleviating financial pressures on real estate companies [12][13]. Progress and Results - As of August 2025, over 610 billion yuan has been earmarked for the acquisition of idle land through special bonds, with significant progress reported in the disposal of idle land and the redevelopment of low-efficiency land [16]. - Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, more than 5 million acres of idle land have been disposed of, with 1.71 million acres undergoing redevelopment [16]. Challenges - Despite strong policy support, the revitalization of idle land faces several challenges, including market expectations, debt and legal disputes, and incomplete supporting infrastructure [18]. - Different regions are exploring innovative solutions tailored to specific challenges, emphasizing the need for a project-by-project approach to address the unique causes of low-efficiency land [19][24].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the unique characteristics and significance of the market-oriented reform pilot program in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, highlighting its potential impact on national market integration and the development of new productive forces. Group 1: Unique Characteristics of the Greater Bay Area Pilot Program - The pilot program in the Greater Bay Area reflects a "first-mover" advantage, building on the experiences from Shenzhen's earlier reform initiatives [2] - The program addresses new industries and fields such as life health, new energy, and artificial intelligence, indicating a focus on the development of new productive forces [2] - The program prepares for cross-border flows with Hong Kong and Macau, aiming for higher standards in rule alignment and factor mobility [3] Group 2: Replicable Experiences for National Reform - The Greater Bay Area's advanced marketization can provide valuable lessons for other cities facing similar challenges, such as land use reform and financial innovations [4] - The experiences from the Greater Bay Area can be shared not only among the ten pilot cities but also with other cities across the country [4] Group 3: Key Reforms Addressing Current Challenges - The program proposes reforms targeting pain points in the factor market, such as improving the profit-sharing ratio for technology transfer to 50% for state-owned tech enterprises [7] - It introduces a flexible land transfer system to address issues related to industrial land use and potential idleness [7] - The program emphasizes the importance of public data sharing to facilitate digital and intelligent applications [7] Group 4: Integration with Hong Kong and Macau - The integration of the nine inland cities is crucial for achieving market integration with Hong Kong and Macau, overcoming administrative and departmental barriers [8] - Successful market integration in the Greater Bay Area is foundational for broader market integration across the region [8] Group 5: Contribution to National Unified Market Construction - The pilot program's focus on factor market unification is essential for fostering fair competition and innovation among market participants [9] - The Greater Bay Area's high level of marketization and internationalization can enhance the efficiency of new factor allocation, contributing positively to national market integration [9] Group 6: Advanced Market Development in the Greater Bay Area - The Greater Bay Area has developed advanced markets in resource and environmental sectors, including carbon trading and water rights trading [10] - The systematic and layered market construction in the Greater Bay Area can provide insights for national reforms and the establishment of a higher-level open economy [10]

Group 1 - The State Council has approved ten regions to conduct pilot reforms for the market-oriented allocation of factors, aiming to eliminate institutional barriers to the free flow and efficient allocation of resources [2][3] - The pilot areas include major urban centers such as Beijing's sub-center, cities in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Henan, Hunan, Guangdong, Chongqing, and Chengdu [2] - The focus of the pilot is on key areas such as technology, land, human resources, data, capital, and environmental resources, addressing issues like technology innovation, land use efficiency, talent mobility, data application, financial services, and market mechanisms [3][4] Group 2 - The National Development and Reform Commission is promoting remote evaluation models to enhance resource sharing and improve collaborative service mechanisms [5] - The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has issued guidelines for companies to implement non-compete agreements, ensuring a balance between protecting business secrets and workers' employment rights [6][7] Group 3 - In Shaanxi, measures have been introduced to enhance patent conversion from universities and research institutions, establishing a mechanism for matching supply and demand for patent technologies [8][9] - Guangxi has launched 22 specific measures to optimize the business environment in the human resources sector, including reducing social security rates and implementing job retention subsidies [10][11] Group 4 - In Hangzhou, the local power supply company has implemented a new service model to ensure high-quality electricity supply for businesses, achieving dual power supply for all high-rise residential buildings and towns [12][13]

Group 1 - The State Council has approved a pilot program for market-oriented allocation of factors in 10 regions, aiming to eliminate institutional barriers to the free flow and efficient allocation of resources [2][3] - The pilot focuses on key areas such as technology, land, human resources, data, capital, and environmental resources, addressing issues like technology innovation, land use efficiency, talent mobility, data application, financial services, and market mechanisms [3][4] - The pilot regions are encouraged to explore differentiated reforms based on local conditions, promoting a unified national technology market system [3] Group 2 - The National Development and Reform Commission has issued a notice to promote remote evaluation models, establishing a collaborative mechanism between main and auxiliary evaluation venues [5] - The notice emphasizes resource sharing, clarifying responsibilities between main and auxiliary venues, and ensuring administrative supervision [5] Group 3 - The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has released guidelines for companies on implementing non-compete agreements, focusing on protecting business secrets while ensuring workers' employment rights [6][7] - The guidelines specify that non-compete agreements should only apply to senior management and technical personnel, and companies must provide economic compensation for such restrictions [7] Group 4 - Shaanxi Province has introduced measures to enhance patent conversion from universities and research institutions, establishing a supply-demand matching mechanism for patent technology [9][10] - The measures include dynamic patent inventory, support for secondary development of patents, and promotion of a model for patent open licensing [9][10] Group 5 - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region has launched 22 measures to optimize the business environment in the human resources sector, focusing on employment support, talent development, and social security cost reduction [11][12] - The measures include lowering unemployment insurance rates and implementing flexible regulatory practices to support businesses [11][12] Group 6 - Hangzhou has achieved dual power supply for all high-rise residential buildings and towns, enhancing the quality of electricity supply for businesses [14][15] - The local power company has invested significantly in infrastructure to ensure reliable power supply and has introduced smart services to improve customer experience [14][15]

Group 1 - The State Council has issued a reply on the implementation plan for the pilot reform of market-oriented allocation of factors in certain regions, starting immediately for a duration of two years in ten pilot areas including Beijing's urban sub-center [1] - The reform aims to deepen the collaborative allocation of factors, enhance allocation efficiency, explore new allocation methods, optimize support for new industries and fields, and promote high-quality development in the service sector [1] - The outlook for future policies and domestic economic data suggests that after the central bank's easing measures in May, the policy is currently in an observation phase, with potential new easing windows anticipated due to external economic conditions [1] Group 2 - The AI computing power industry chain is expected to continue its strong performance, with solid-state batteries, energy storage, and robotics identified as high-potential sectors [1] - Overall performance in the third quarter may decline further, but the AI computing power sector is likely to maintain a favorable performance trend compared to other sectors [1] - The transition from structural bull to a comprehensive bull market is seen as crucial, although a full transition may still require more time [1]