（来源：中国改革报） 健康有序发展，离不开有为政府的保障。能否赋能千行百业、能否为最广大群众创造幸福生活，是技术 发展的意义所在，也是检验一切技术发展成效的标准。人工智能技术投入大、周期长、风险高，纯市场 资本往往倾向于追求短期回报与确定收益，对前沿基础研究、算力基础设施等公共品投入不足。同时， 技术发展伴生的算法歧视、隐私泄露、就业替代等复杂风险，单靠市场难以有效化解，甚至可能因逐利 行为而加剧。这就需要政府通过规划引领、政策支持、资源配置、规则约束等方式，主动弥补市场失 灵，推动人工智能朝着有益、安全、公平方向健康有序发展。 近年来，我国政府精准施策，系统构建了引导和规范人工智能发展的治理体系。在顶层设计上，发布 《关于深入实施"人工智能+"行动的意见》及各领域实施方案等，为人工智能发展擘画蓝图、明晰路 径。在夯实基础上，启动国家人工智能应用中试基地建设，出台"人工智能券"等政策，着力破解算力买 不起、用不好的痛点，为人工智能发展打造了坚实底座。在风险防范上，出台《生成式人工智能服务管 理暂行办法》《人工智能安全治理框架》等，构筑起人工智能安全可控发展的制度基石。这些成绩的取 得，正是有效市场和有为政府同 ...

规模追赶阶段，重在为产业发展壮大"赋能提速"。2013年，国内企业建成5.5代OLED生产线，标志着中 国OLED产业进入规模化发展阶段，但仍面临核心设备受制于人、制造工艺落后、产线不稳定等不利局 面，再加上OLED产业的重资产、高风险、长周期等特性，光靠社会资本"单打独斗"难以打开局面。这 一阶段，政府的作用在于强化要素保障、开展精准扶持，做到"扶上马、送一程"，帮助产业突破初始发 展瓶颈，成功进入能够依靠市场调节、具备自我造血能力的良性发展循环。比如，构建国家基金、地方 专项、风险补偿的多元化资金体系，解决了企业在发展初期面临的资金链断裂等风险。又比如，高世代 OLED产线对土地、能源等保障和物流效率的要求极高，地方政府通过推动集群式发展，有效降低基础 设施配套成本，助力一批柔性OLED生产线落地。 高质量发展阶段，重在为良好产业生态"立柱架梁"。进入高质量发展阶段后，政府的作用从"规模扶 持"向"质量引领""创新引领"转变，从产业政策、行业标准、场景开放等方面着手，营造产学研用深度 融合、产业链协同共生、要素资源高效配置的产业生态，推动我国OLED产业实现从跟跑到领跑的跨 越。比如，抓住场景这个技术落地 ...

（来源：黑龙江日报） 转自：黑龙江日报 张 超 杨凯晴 坚持"两个毫不动摇"，促进多种所有制经济共同发展。持续深化国资国企改革，完善中国特色现代企业 制度，推动国有资本和国有企业做强做优做大。同时，大力优化民营经济发展环境，破除制约民营企业 公平参与市场竞争的壁垒，依法保护民营企业产权和企业家权益，从制度和法律上落实对各类所有制企 业一视同仁、平等对待的要求。 构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制，保障竞争公平有序。深化要素市场化配置改革，消除阻碍劳动力、 资本、技术、数据等要素自由流动的体制障碍。强化反垄断和反不正当竞争，打破地方保护和行政性垄 断，清理和废除妨碍全国统一大市场建设的各项规定。政府当好市场秩序的"裁判员"，而不是直接下场 当"运动员"，通过建立明确的规则和严格的执法，确保所有经营主体在公平的赛场上竞技。 创新宏观经济治理 提升政策效能 现代市场经济运行离不开有效的政府宏观调控。有为政府必须具备高水平宏观经济治理能力，能够灵活 运用各种政策工具，平抑经济波动，引导长期发展。 完善宏观经济政策制定和执行机制，增强宏观政策取向一致性。党的二十届四中全会指出，"加强财 政、货币政策协同""增强宏观政策取向 ...

Core Viewpoint - China is committed to an ecological priority and green development path, significantly contributing to global renewable energy growth with over 50% of its total installed power capacity coming from renewable sources and accounting for more than 50% of global new renewable energy installations [1] Group 1: Green Development Achievements - The "two 50%" figures symbolize China's achievements in green development, which are the result of a combination of effective market mechanisms and proactive government policies [1] - The concept of "green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver" has deeply influenced market behavior and development logic, leading to increased competitiveness among businesses through green transformation [1] Group 2: Planning and Policy Framework - The continuous implementation of five-year plans, such as the "13th Five-Year Plan" and "14th Five-Year Plan," provides a clear direction for enterprises' green transformation and ensures policy transparency and stability [2] - The shift from scale and price competition to quality and technology competition is driven by innovation in low-carbon technologies, supported by a vast market that facilitates rapid updates and commercialization of new technologies [2] Group 3: Institutional Support and Market Environment - China has established a robust legal framework to support green development, including numerous laws and regulations that promote fair competition and market order [3] - Financial and fiscal policies, including tax incentives and green finance initiatives, have been developed to support businesses in their green transitions, making it economically beneficial rather than burdensome [3] Group 4: Global Impact and Leadership - China has built the world's largest and fastest-growing renewable energy system and has become a leader in the global market for wind and solar energy products, exporting to over 200 countries [4] - The country has significantly reduced the costs of wind and solar power generation, contributing to the green development aspirations of many developing nations [4] - The successful integration of market forces and government intervention is seen as the key to China's green development achievements, which will continue to enhance the country's ecological contributions [4]

Core Viewpoint - China is committed to an ecological priority and green development path, contributing significantly to global renewable energy growth, with over 50% of its total power generation capacity coming from renewable sources and accounting for more than 50% of global new renewable energy installations [1][4]. Group 1: Green Development Achievements - The "two 50%" figures symbolize China's achievements in green development, which are the result of a combination of effective market mechanisms and proactive government policies [1]. - The implementation of the "13th Five-Year Plan" and "14th Five-Year Plan" has provided a clear direction for enterprises in their green transformation efforts, ensuring policy continuity and stability [2]. Group 2: Innovation and Technology - China is accelerating a green low-carbon technology revolution, shifting from scale and price competition to quality and technology, thereby enhancing green productivity and creating competitive advantages [2]. - The market environment is fostering innovation, leading to the emergence of new technologies, products, and business models that capitalize on China's large-scale market advantages [2]. Group 3: Institutional Support - China is reinforcing green development through stringent legal frameworks and regulations, establishing a robust system to support market order and fair competition [3]. - The government is enhancing financial and policy support for green development, making it easier for businesses to engage in green transformation and realize economic benefits [3]. Group 4: Global Impact - China has built the world's largest and fastest-growing renewable energy system, becoming a key player in global ecological governance and contributing to the reduction of energy consumption intensity [4]. - The country exports a significant portion of its green low-carbon products, including 70% of wind power equipment and 80% of photovoltaic components globally, thus facilitating cost reductions in renewable energy technologies [4].

OLED（有机发光二极管）被誉为"显示产业的明珠"，广泛应用于智能手机、平板电脑、电视、VR设 备、车载显示等领域。21世纪初，我国OLED面板产业还是"一穷二白"；2024年，OLED显示面板及模 组产值规模已超过千亿元，国际市场占比超过50%，用20年左右的时间就完成了从无到有、从有到优的 跨越。回望产业发展历程，这一跨越绝非偶然，更非市场之自然，而是坚持有效市场和有为政府相结 合，市场机制和政策引导共同发力，有效激发创新创造活力的结果。 产业培育初期，重在为技术研发应用"托底护航"。2008年以前，受技术封锁、贸易壁垒等因素影响，我 国OLED产业基础近乎空白，核心设备与材料100%依赖进口，规模化产能几乎为零。这一阶段，政府的 作用在于超前谋划和政策引导，搭建技术萌芽和产业发展的基础制度框架，为种子萌发提供土壤。比 如，1997年起，中央财政持续资助清华大学等高校院所开展OLED基础研究。又比如，2009年，《电子 信息产业调整和振兴规划》第一次将"新型显示器件"列入国家政策支持范围，引导资源聚焦OLED等产 业赛道，国内OLED产业链上下游企业如雨后春笋般蓬勃兴起。再比如，成立国家新型显示技术创新中 ...

作者: 金轩 健康有序发展，离不开有为政府的保障。能否赋能千行百业、能否为最广大群众创造幸福生活，是技术 发展的意义所在，也是检验一切技术发展成效的标准。人工智能技术投入大、周期长、风险高，纯市场 资本往往倾向于追求短期回报与确定收益，对前沿基础研究、算力基础设施等公共品投入不足。同时， 技术发展伴生的算法歧视、隐私泄露、就业替代等复杂风险，单靠市场难以有效化解，甚至可能因逐利 行为而加剧。这就需要政府通过规划引领、政策支持、资源配置、规则约束等方式，主动弥补市场失 灵，推动人工智能朝着有益、安全、公平方向健康有序发展。 近年来，我国政府精准施策，系统构建了引导和规范人工智能发展的治理体系。在顶层设计上，发布 《关于深入实施"人工智能+"行动的意见》及各领域实施方案等，为人工智能发展擘画蓝图、明晰路 径。在夯实基础上，启动国家人工智能应用中试基地建设，出台"人工智能券"等政策，着力破解算力买 不起、用不好的痛点，为人工智能发展打造了坚实底座。在风险防范上，出台《生成式人工智能服务管 理暂行办法》《人工智能安全治理框架》等，构筑起人工智能安全可控发展的制度基石。这些成绩的取 得，正是有效市场和有为政府同向发力、 ...

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of precise government actions to break down barriers and unify rules, which is essential for establishing a unified national market [1][3] - Government initiatives like breakfast meetings have become a significant form of communication between government and enterprises, allowing for effective problem-solving and feedback collection [1][2] - The mechanism of regular communication and feedback, such as the "Saturday Tea Gathering" in Guangyuan, has led to high satisfaction rates among enterprises, demonstrating the effectiveness of closed-loop mechanisms in addressing business concerns [1][2] Group 2 - The government is encouraged to create platforms for resource matching, particularly in industries like automotive, where deep cooperation between manufacturers and suppliers is crucial [2] - The establishment of a normalized electricity trading mechanism has facilitated efficient cross-regional electricity flow, showcasing the benefits of breaking down barriers in resource allocation [3] - The focus on technology innovation and the supportive role of service-oriented government are highlighted as key factors for the growth of new enterprises in sectors like high-end equipment and digital economy [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the integration of an effective market and a proactive government as proposed in the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, emphasizing the need for a balanced relationship between market forces and government intervention in resource allocation [1]. Group 1: Government's Role and Mechanisms - The role of government in the economy is complex and should not simply mimic Western economic theories; it must consider China's unique context [2][3]. - Government functions can be categorized into three dimensions: administrative management, ownership of state assets, and macroeconomic regulation [3]. - The relationship between government and market should be viewed from the perspective of resource allocation, where both play essential roles [4]. Group 2: Balancing "Let Go" and "Manage Well" - The government must ensure a balance between allowing market vitality ("let go") and maintaining order ("manage well") to avoid a cycle of chaos and control [5][6]. - The 20th National Congress report emphasizes that the market should play a decisive role in resource allocation, with government functions being secondary [6][7]. - The government's role is to address market failures and enhance the market system, thereby creating conditions for the market to function effectively [7]. Group 3: Optimizing Macroeconomic Governance - Effective macroeconomic governance is crucial for a proactive government, which includes strategic planning, optimizing total economic control, and implementing structural policies [9][10]. - The government should focus on enhancing policy efficiency and ensuring consistency across various economic policies to avoid conflicts [10]. - Structural policies should align with market logic while allowing government intervention to optimize resource allocation [11]. Group 4: Redefining Government-Business Relations - The relationship between government and business in China is complex and requires a new model that fosters communication and coordination while preventing corruption [12][14]. - Local governments play a significant role in economic development, and their relationship with businesses should be restructured to avoid excessive pursuit of GDP at the expense of ethical governance [13][14].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the need for national development plans to prioritize people's needs and integrate social welfare considerations throughout the planning and implementation process [1] - Suggestions were made to amend Article 11 of the draft law to include considerations for social welfare needs and regional coordinated development requirements, highlighting the importance of these factors in the planning process [1] - The draft law's Article 9 outlines essential principles for the formulation of national development plans, with a recommendation to incorporate the balance between effective markets and proactive government into the objectives [1]