Core Viewpoint - The rapid development of generative AI is reigniting concerns about job displacement, with Bill Gates warning that AI could replace many human jobs within the next five years, potentially leading to extreme scenarios of "no jobs available" [1] Group 1: Impact on Employment - Generative AI has significantly affected employment, with over 10,000 jobs in the U.S. cut due to AI by July 2025, making AI one of the top five reasons for layoffs this year [2] - The technology sector has been particularly hard hit, with major U.S. tech companies announcing layoffs as they increase AI investments and control costs, viewing layoffs as a strategic adjustment rather than a necessity [2] - Microsoft has laid off over 15,000 employees this year due to AI applications, while its quarterly profits surged nearly 25%, and its market value recently surpassed $4 trillion [5] Group 2: Jobs Most Affected by AI - Microsoft Research identified 40 jobs most susceptible to AI impact, including roles such as interpreters, sales representatives, and customer service representatives, which are easier to standardize and digitize [6][7] - The list includes positions that do not require significant human interaction, making them prime candidates for AI replacement [6][7] Group 3: Jobs Least Affected by AI - Conversely, 40 jobs least likely to be replaced by AI involve significant human physical interaction or require direct contact, such as massage therapists, construction workers, and surgeons [11] - The research indicates that while these roles are currently safer, advancements in robotics could eventually threaten them as well [11] Group 4: Youth Employment Challenges - Young job seekers, particularly recent graduates, are facing the toughest job market in over a decade, with a 15% decline in entry-level job postings for graduates in the past year [9] - The frequency of "AI" mentioned in job descriptions has surged by 400% over the past two years, indicating a shift in employer expectations [9] Group 5: Future Employment Landscape - Historical trends suggest that while technology may eliminate certain jobs, it also creates new opportunities, with about 60% of current jobs in the U.S. not existing in 1940 [15] - The transition period during AI adoption poses risks, particularly if economic conditions worsen, potentially leading to a spike in short-term unemployment [15]

本文来自微信公众号：家办新智点 （ID：foinsight），作者：foinsight，原文标题：《微软研究揭示： 这40个职业正面临AI取代风险》，题图来自：AI生成 生成式人工智能的爆炸式发展，正在重新点燃"AI抢饭碗"的焦虑。比尔·盖茨在近期在纽约经济俱乐部 的演讲中警示：未来五年内，AI将取代大量人类工作岗位，甚至可能出现"无工可打"的极端情景。 与此同时，微软研究院（Microsoft Research）发布了一项重磅研究，列出了最容易受到AI冲击的40种职 业及目前较为"安全"的40个岗位，为我们描绘了一幅AI冲击就业市场的全景图。 一、AI成为裁员的主因之一 生成式AI的广泛应用已开始显著影响就业。根据人力资源公司Challenger，Gray&Christmas发布的报 告，仅2025年前七个月，美国已有超过1万个职位因AI被裁，AI也因此成为今年导致裁员的五大主因之 一。 其中，在此次裁员中，科技行业成为"重灾区"。今年以来，多家美国科技巨头相继公布裁员计划： 这些企业在加大AI投入的同时，正通过裁员等方式控制成本。与以往因经济下行而被迫削减成本不 同，此轮裁员更多体现为战略性调整。过去企业 ...