隐身材料：先进战机核心技术，新兴材料潜力巨大 20250818 摘要 隐身技术依赖于探测手段的发展，主要包括可见光、雷达和红外探测， 其中雷达隐身技术是研究重点，主流方法为无源隐身，通过控制电磁波 和降低回波强度实现，RCS 是衡量隐身效果的关键指标。 雷达隐身技术主要通过减少电磁波发射和降低回波强度实现，包括使用 吸波材料和结构隐身材料。结构隐身材料利用先进复合材料制作具备隐 身功能的部件，如机翼和进气道等。 红外隐身主要针对 1-2.5 微米、3-5 微米和 8-14 微米波段进行处理，通 过涂覆低红外发射率涂层降低高温部位的红外辐射，实现隐身效果。 频率选择表面技术应用于飞机和战舰，允许特定频率电磁波通过，阻挡 其他频率，实现功能保障与隐身效果兼顾，如 F22 战斗机和拉菲特级护 卫舰的雷达罩。 超材料通过亚波长单元结构排列展现超常物理特性，可使电磁波绕过物 体实现隐身，为军事科技提供新的方向，实现更高效的隐藏。 Q&A 隐身材料在航空装备中的应用前景如何？ 随着航空装备的更新换代，隐身材料在整个航空产业链中的渗透力将显著提升。 下一代航空装备对战机隐形特性的要求越来越高，这使得隐身材料的性能指标 和应 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Overweight" indicating that the growth level of the industry is expected to be higher than that of the CSI 300 index in the next six months [4][54]. Core Insights - The military materials index has outperformed the industry, with a growth rate of 3.59% in July, surpassing the industry average by 0.51 percentage points [3][33]. - The report identifies several key drivers for the rapid growth of the military materials sector, including the final year of the 14th Five-Year Plan, increased geopolitical tensions, advancements in new materials technology, and the dual-use nature of military and civilian applications [3][10][12]. - The report anticipates a gradual recovery in the military materials industry, driven by concentrated demand release in 2025 and the increasing certainty of large orders in the sector [10][11]. - The report highlights the importance of multi-functional materials and new manufacturing processes, such as additive manufacturing, which are expected to see rapid development in military applications [14][16]. Summary by Sections Military Materials Industry Analysis - Domestic suppliers need to enhance their technical capabilities and manufacturing efficiency to meet the rapid development of the civil aviation industry [8][29]. - The establishment of specialized production lines for civil aircraft components is expected to accelerate the production of domestic large aircraft [29][30]. Capital Market Status - The military materials index has shown a positive performance, with a notable increase in public fund holdings in military materials [3][34]. - The report notes that the military materials sector has experienced a lag in growth compared to the overall military industry, indicating potential for catch-up [3][10]. Important Investment Logic - The report suggests focusing on companies involved in high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys, and composite materials, which are expected to benefit from the growing demand in both military and civilian markets [18][51]. - The military materials sector is projected to see significant growth in the next few years, with high-end titanium alloys, carbon fibers, and high-temperature alloys expected to reach market sizes of over 200 billion, 300 billion, and 400 billion respectively by 2028 [44][45].

Group 1: Carbon Fiber - Carbon fiber is a crucial material in modern warfare, enhancing the performance of military equipment due to its high strength, low density, and excellent thermal and electrical properties [4][6][10] - The development of carbon fiber began in the 1860s, and it is recognized for its superior characteristics, making it a strategic material for military applications [6][7] - The complexity of manufacturing carbon fiber has led to significant advancements in military technology, with countries investing heavily in its development to improve weapon systems [8][9] Group 2: Advanced Materials - The modern information warfare emphasizes the importance of high-performance materials, with carbon fiber and composites being essential for achieving stealth, low energy consumption, and high maneuverability in military equipment [10] - Countries are focusing on developing higher strength and modulus carbon fibers, along with advanced resins and manufacturing technologies, to enhance their military capabilities [10] Group 3: Metamaterials - Metamaterials are engineered to have properties not found in naturally occurring materials, offering revolutionary applications in military technology, particularly in stealth and radar evasion [14][18] - The development of metamaterials has led to significant advancements in stealth technology, enabling military assets to avoid detection by various means [18][19] Group 4: Graphene - Graphene is recognized as a leading material in military technology due to its exceptional strength, flexibility, and conductivity, with applications in microelectronics and advanced protective materials [28][30] - The U.S. and other developed nations are investing heavily in graphene research to enhance military capabilities, including the development of faster and more efficient computing systems [30][31] Group 5: Armor Materials - The demand for advanced armor materials has increased due to the evolving nature of warfare, with a focus on improving the protective capabilities of military vehicles [36][37] - Various materials such as ballistic glass, steel, ceramics, and high-strength fibers are being utilized to enhance the armor protection of military equipment [38][41][42] Group 6: Stealth Coatings - Stealth coatings are critical for reducing the detectability of military assets, with various types designed to minimize radar, infrared, and visual signatures [46][49] - The development of multi-functional stealth materials is a key focus, aiming to provide comprehensive protection against multiple detection methods [58][59] Group 7: 3D Printing in Defense - 3D printing technology is becoming increasingly important in the defense sector, allowing for the rapid production of complex components and reducing costs [66][67] - The U.S. military is integrating 3D printing into its operations to enhance the maintenance and performance of aircraft and other military equipment [71][74]

Core Viewpoint - Stealth materials are essential for modern military technology, significantly enhancing the survivability and effectiveness of weapon systems by reducing detection rates and improving combat capabilities [3][4][45]. Group 1: What are Stealth Materials - Stealth materials are the foundational elements of stealth technology, allowing for reduced detection rates while maintaining the shape of military equipment [3][4]. - They can be categorized by spectrum (radar, infrared, visible light, laser, and sound) and by purpose (stealth coatings and structural materials) [5]. Group 2: Types of Stealth Materials - Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) are crucial for stealth, designed to absorb radar waves and minimize reflection [8][9]. - Structural RAM serves dual purposes, acting as both structural components and stealth materials, with advancements in composite materials enhancing their effectiveness [9][10]. - Infrared stealth materials are increasingly important due to their ability to evade detection by infrared systems, with developments in both single and composite types [17][19]. Group 3: Future Prospects - The development of stealth materials is focused on practical applications, lightweight designs, multi-spectrum capabilities, multifunctionality, smart materials, and high-temperature resistance [36][38][39][40][41][43]. - The demand for stealth materials is driven by geopolitical tensions, modernization of military equipment, and the need for advanced stealth capabilities across various platforms [46][48]. Group 4: Investment Logic - The investment in stealth materials is supported by strong demand from military modernization, high technical barriers, and significant market potential due to increasing defense budgets [45][46][48]. - Key investment considerations include technological strength, engineering capabilities, core supplier status, and the sustainability of orders [52][53].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the transformation and growth potential of the military industry in China, driven by innovation, efficiency, and the integration of new technologies, particularly in the context of the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" [4][6][19]. Group 1: Military Industry Development Trends - The military industry is expected to experience a significant expansion cycle, with increasing domestic production capabilities and a focus on self-sufficiency in the supply chain [4][5]. - The industry is transitioning towards low-cost, unmanned, and intelligent systems, which are becoming essential for modern warfare [9][10]. - The global military trade market is anticipated to grow rapidly, with China leveraging its competitive advantages to expand its presence internationally [11][12]. Group 2: Cost and Efficiency - The military sector is under pressure to achieve high efficiency at lower costs, necessitating a comprehensive approach to cost management across the entire lifecycle of military equipment [7][8]. - Short-term cost reductions are crucial, but long-term strategies must focus on maintaining quality and profitability while ensuring operational effectiveness [8][9]. Group 3: Innovation and New Domains - The emergence of new industries such as low-altitude economy, commercial aerospace, and military trade is expected to drive sustained growth in the military sector [5][13][14]. - The integration of artificial intelligence and smart technologies is reshaping the design and operational capabilities of military equipment, enhancing decision-making and operational efficiency [10][11]. Group 4: Market Dynamics and Investment Opportunities - The military industry is poised for a rational wave of mergers and acquisitions, driven by the need for industry consolidation and technological innovation [15][16]. - Market sentiment towards the military sector is improving, with expectations of a rebound in performance and valuation as the industry navigates through challenges [19][20]. - Investment strategies should focus on sectors with high growth potential, such as unmanned systems, military intelligence, and dual-use technologies [21][22].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the defense materials sector [3]. Core Insights - The defense materials sector has shown significant performance, with the AVIC Securities Defense Materials Index rising by 21.41% year-to-date, outperforming the defense industry index by 3.12 percentage points [2][41]. - Geopolitical tensions, such as conflicts between India and Pakistan and Israel and Palestine, have increased market attention on the defense industry, stimulating the performance of defense materials and related companies [2][41]. - The upcoming commemorative events for the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Anti-Japanese War are expected to further enhance market expectations for the defense industry's performance recovery [2][41]. Summary by Sections 1. Defense Materials Industry Analysis - The defense materials sector is anticipated to gradually recover in 2025, benefiting from the concentrated release of demand as the "14th Five-Year Plan" concludes [8]. - The combination of high-performance materials and 3D printing technology is creating new possibilities for manufacturing [6][33]. - The demand for composite materials is expected to increase due to their multifunctionality in weapon systems [11]. 2. Capital Market Status of the Defense Materials Industry - The AVIC Securities Defense Materials Index has increased by 21.41% since the beginning of the year, significantly outperforming the broader market indices [41]. - The index's price-to-earnings ratio (TTM) has risen by 10.20% since the start of the year, indicating improved investor sentiment [2][41]. - Several defense materials companies have announced major contracts and expansion plans, reflecting a potential turnaround in performance [6][42]. 3. Important Investment Logic - The demand for military materials is expected to remain strong, driven by national defense goals and the need for increased production capacity [48]. - The report highlights the importance of new materials in enhancing weapon performance, with predictions indicating significant growth in the market for high-end titanium alloys, carbon fibers, and high-temperature alloys by 2028 [49][50]. - The report suggests that the integration of advanced manufacturing techniques, such as additive manufacturing, will play a crucial role in the future development of the defense materials sector [12][13].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the growing demand for stealth materials in modern air combat, highlighting their critical role in enhancing the performance of advanced military aircraft and the significant market potential for these materials [2][3][4]. New Demand - The emergence of stealth aircraft, such as the F-22, marks a new era in air combat, where stealth capabilities are essential for operational success. Stealth technology allows aircraft to choose their engagement timing and methods, significantly reducing the opponent's countermeasures [2][19]. - The development of stealth materials is becoming a trend in stealth technology, as they can effectively reduce radar and infrared signatures without altering the aircraft's aerodynamic features [36][40]. New Market - The demand for stealth materials is expected to grow rapidly in both the pre-installation market (new military aircraft) and the post-installation market (maintenance and updates). For instance, 50% of the maintenance costs for the F-22 are attributed to its stealth coatings, indicating a robust aftermarket for these materials [3][4][18]. New Logic - The investment logic for stealth materials can be categorized into four phases: 1. Short-term: Increased demand for stealth materials as new aircraft are deployed. 2. Mid-term: Significant potential for performance enhancement and increased penetration rates of stealth materials. 3. Long-term: Expansion of stealth requirements into structural components, creating new growth opportunities. 4. Aftermarket: A large volume of orders leading to economies of scale, driven by the consumable nature of stealth materials [4][5][7]. New Pattern - The stealth materials industry exhibits high barriers to entry, including military qualifications, first-mover advantages, and research and development challenges. Established manufacturers have a competitive edge due to their early development of stealth materials, while newer entrants face significant hurdles [5][6]. Industry Overview - The stealth materials market is characterized by a growing need for advanced materials that can provide radar absorption and infrared stealth capabilities. The market is expected to expand as countries prioritize the development of high-performance military aircraft [3][4][18]. - Companies like Huayin Technology and Guangqi Technology are focusing on different types of stealth materials, such as high-temperature infrared stealth materials and room-temperature radar-absorbing materials, indicating a diverse product landscape within the industry [5][6].

Group 1: Carbon Fiber - Carbon fiber is a crucial material in modern warfare, enhancing the performance of military equipment due to its high strength, low density, and excellent thermal and electrical properties [4][6][10] - The development of carbon fiber began in the 1860s, and it is often referred to as "black gold" due to its high practical value and manufacturing complexity [6][7] - The use of carbon fiber composite materials has significantly improved the performance of advanced military aircraft like the F-35, where it constitutes up to 35% of the aircraft's structure [9][10] Group 2: Metamaterials - Metamaterials are engineered to have properties not found in naturally occurring materials, offering revolutionary applications in military technology, particularly in stealth and radar evasion [14][18] - Recent advancements in metamaterials have led to significant developments in stealth technology, enabling military assets to avoid detection by radar and other sensors [18][19] - The research and application of metamaterials are expected to transform future combat scenarios by enhancing the capabilities of various military platforms [24][25] Group 3: Graphene - Graphene is recognized as the strongest and thinnest known material, with exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity, making it highly valuable in military applications [28][30] - The U.S. and other developed nations are investing heavily in graphene research for its potential use in advanced military technologies, including high-performance sensors and lightweight armor [31][32] - Graphene's unique properties could lead to significant improvements in military computing and sensor technologies, enhancing operational capabilities [30][33] Group 4: Armor Protection Materials - The demand for advanced armor protection materials has increased due to the evolving nature of modern warfare, necessitating improvements in military vehicle protection [36][37] - Various materials, including ballistic glass, steel, ceramics, and high-strength fibers, are utilized in military armor systems to enhance protection against modern threats [38][41] - The development of composite armor systems that integrate multiple materials is becoming a standard practice to achieve optimal protection while minimizing weight [41][42] Group 5: Stealth Coatings - Stealth coatings are critical for reducing the detectability of military assets by controlling their observable characteristics across various detection methods [47][49] - These coatings can be classified into several types, including radar-absorbing, infrared, and visible light stealth coatings, each designed to mitigate specific detection risks [51][52] - The ongoing development of multi-functional stealth materials is essential for enhancing the survivability of military platforms in increasingly complex combat environments [58][63] Group 6: 3D Printing in Defense - 3D printing technology is emerging as a transformative force in the defense sector, enabling rapid prototyping and production of complex military components [66][67] - The U.S. military is integrating 3D printing into its supply chain to improve maintenance and operational efficiency for aircraft and other military equipment [71][74] - This technology allows for the production of parts on-demand, reducing lead times and costs associated with traditional manufacturing methods [67][71]

Core Insights - The report highlights the impact of geopolitical tensions on military materials and suggests focusing on core assets in the military materials sector due to irreversible trends in conflicts [11][12] - The report indicates that the wind power industry is expected to maintain high growth due to government subsidies, with an anticipated new installation capacity of 105-115 GW in 2025 [8][9] Market Trends - The domestic market indices showed positive performance, with the Shanghai Composite Index closing at 3,420.57, up by 1.15% [4] - The new materials sector experienced a decline, with the new materials index down by 1.18%, while the semiconductor materials and electronic chemicals showed slight variations [8] Macroeconomic Analysis - The U.S. Federal Reserve maintained its policy interest rates, reflecting concerns over tariffs' impact on inflation, with core PCE inflation expectations raised from 2.8% to 3.1% for 2025 [6][7] - Employment data in the U.S. remains weak, with initial jobless claims showing a slight decline but still at high levels, indicating a cooling economy [6] Industry Commentary - The chemical raw materials sector is influenced by government policies, particularly in renewable energy, which is expected to drive the wind power industry forward [8] - The report emphasizes the importance of military materials in light of increasing global military expenditures, projected to rise by 9.4% in 2024, the highest growth rate since 1993 [11][12] Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on companies like Haohua Technology and Tongyi Zhong, which are positioned to benefit from increased military spending and have strong competitive advantages in their respective fields [11][12] - It also recommends monitoring products imported from Iran and Israel, which may face supply disruptions due to geopolitical tensions [12]

点击 最 下方 关注《材料汇》 ， 点击"在看"和" "并分享 添加 小编微信 ，遇见 志同道合 的你 正文 年度15分 国防军工 行业研究/深度报告 高性价比碳纤维. 高端制造业换装首选材料 行业评级:增持 报告日期:2022-08-03 行业指数与沪深 300 走势比较 -149 -28% 炉 :≤300 国际官了 分析师:郑小霞 执业证书号:S0010520080007 电话：13391921291 邮箱: zhengxx@hazq.com 联系人:邓承伴 执业证书号:S0010121030022 电话:18610696630 郎箱:dengcy@hazq.com 主要观点: ● 碳纤维性价比高,能助力高端装备在极端条件实现长期可靠服役 随着行业技术的革新,部分装备在高温、高压、强腐蚀性等苛刻环境 已无法实现长期可靠服役。但新装备的研制是基础研究和应用基础研 究相互融合促进的过程,往往需要耗费大量的人力物力,因而装备材 料端便迎来了巨大的挑战。 当前许多传统材料的研发已接近理论极限,寻找综合性能优异的新材 料成为推动高端制造业发展的关键。碳纤维具备优异的力、热、电磁 性能,同时还可以作为增强材料与树脂、 ...