Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - **Industry Focus**: Semiconductor and Semiconductor Capital Equipment (SPE) sector - **Market Forecast**: Wafer Fab Equipment (WFE) market is projected to grow by 2% YoY in CY2025, 11% in CY2026, and 8% in CY2027, driven by increased demand for generative AI and improved capital expenditure (capex) from device makers [2][6][15] Core Insights - **WFE Market Growth**: The WFE market grew approximately 9% YoY in 2024 and is expected to expand further due to rising demand for complex technologies such as DRAM interconnect etching and 3D NAND flash memory layers [6][15] - **Semiconductor Shipments**: Global semiconductor shipments increased by 28% YoY in September 2025, marking 25 consecutive months of growth, driven by advanced logic chips and HBM for generative AI [6][15] - **Advanced Packaging Technologies**: The Taiwan advanced packaging equipment sector is expected to see structural growth, with significant demand for CoWoS and CoPoS technologies, particularly in AI applications [7][24][47] Technology Developments - **CoWoS and CoPoS**: CoWoS capacity is forecasted to reach 105k and 125k wafers per minute (wfpm) by the end of 2026 and 2027, respectively. CoPoS is anticipated to succeed CoWoS by 2028, potentially increasing average selling prices (ASP) by 50-100% due to its complexity [7][24][47] - **HBM-TCB Technology**: Flux-based TCB is expected to dominate until 20-Hi HBM5, with a shift to HCB anticipated due to physical limitations. Hanmi is expected to maintain a significant market share in TCB technology [8][49] Stock Recommendations - **Preferred Stocks**: - **Japan**: Tokyo Electron (8035 JT) and Advantest (6857 JT) are favored due to their exposure to the growing WFE market and increased test times [8][49] - **Taiwan**: Grand Process Tech (3131 TT) is preferred over Scientech (3583 TT) and All Ring Tech (6187 TT) based on advanced packaging ramp-up timelines [7][47] Additional Insights - **Capex Trends**: TSMC's capex is projected to increase to $48 billion in 2026 and $52 billion in 2027, driven by generative AI demand and technology transitions [24][47] - **Memory Chip Market Dynamics**: The memory chip market is expected to experience a stronger and longer-lasting upcycle, with rising prices for DRAM and NAND chips due to supply constraints and increased demand for AI applications [24][25] - **Chinese Semiconductor Market**: Preference for SPE makers and foundries is noted, with expectations of sustained capex and domestic demand, while fabless companies may face margin pressures [25][49] Conclusion - The semiconductor industry is poised for significant growth driven by advancements in AI and technology, with specific focus on WFE and advanced packaging technologies. Stock recommendations reflect a positive outlook on companies well-positioned to benefit from these trends.

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call on Global Semiconductor Capital Equipment Industry Overview - The focus is on the **Wafer Fabrication Equipment (WFE)** market, particularly imports to **China**. - The data indicates a **year-to-date (YTD)** increase of **7%** in WFE imports to China as of October 2025, reflecting strong demand in the region [2][34]. Import Data Highlights - **October 2025** WFE imports to China totaled **USD 3.23 billion**, showing a **month-over-month (MoM)** decrease of **35%** but a **year-over-year (YoY)** increase of **11%** [2][23]. - The **YTD total** for WFE imports reached **USD 32.2 billion**, maintaining a **YoY growth of 7%** [24]. - The largest segment of imports in October was **Lithography**, accounting for **USD 1.03 billion** (32% of total imports), with a **YoY increase of 90%** [24][57]. Equipment Type Performance - **Lithography**: MoM decrease of **25%**, YTD YoY decrease of **10%** [3][24]. - **Deposition**: MoM decrease of **42%**, YTD YoY increase of **13%** [3][24]. - **Dry Etch**: MoM decrease of **27%**, YTD YoY increase of **58%** [3][24]. - **Process Control**: MoM decrease of **66%**, YTD YoY increase of **11%** [3][24]. Regional Insights - The share of imports from **US, Malaysia, and Singapore** increased to **38%** YTD, up from **33%** last year, while Japan's share decreased to **23%** from **26%** [3][42]. - **Shanghai** and **Guangdong** accounted for **58%** of total imports YTD [3]. Company-Specific Insights - **ASML**: Expected to see **China sales** reach **EUR 2.55 billion** in Q4, up **9% sequentially** and **33% YoY**, driven by strong lithography imports [4][68]. - **LRCX**: Anticipated **China revenues** to decrease by **28% QoQ** in December, with China exposure at **32%** of total revenues [5][87]. - **AMAT**: Reported a **23% QoQ decline** in China revenues, with actual exposure at **29%**, lower than regression estimates [6][90]. - **TEL**: Projected a **17% YoY decline** in China revenue [8]. - **Screen**: Expected a significant **84% YoY decline** in China revenue [9]. Investment Implications - **NAURA**: Rated **Outperform** with a target price of **CNY 480.00**, benefiting from domestic WFE substitution in China [12]. - **AMEC**: Rated **Outperform** with a target price of **CNY 380.00**, recognized for its technology and market share gains [13]. - **Piotech**: Rated **Outperform** with a target price of **CNY 375.00**, noted for product innovation [14]. - **Tokyo Electron**: Rated **Outperform** with a target price of **¥39,400**, expected to gain market share [15]. - **Advantest**: Rated **Market-Perform** with a target price of **¥20,400**, benefiting from increased testing intensity [16]. Conclusion - The WFE market in China shows robust demand despite some month-over-month declines, with significant implications for major players in the semiconductor equipment sector. The data suggests a complex landscape with varying performance across different equipment types and companies, highlighting both opportunities and challenges in the market.

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Third quarter revenue reached $988 million, representing a 10% year-over-year increase and a 2% sequential increase, exceeding guidance expectations [4][12] - Net earnings per diluted share were $1.93, above the midpoint of guidance, with strong free cash flow generation of $147 million, over 100% of net earnings [4][16] - Gross margin for Q3 was 46.6%, stable compared to the previous quarter, with tariff impacts of about 80 basis points [15][16] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Semiconductor revenue was $415 million, down 4% sequentially but up 10% year-over-year, driven by strong demand in vacuum products and plasma and reactive gas businesses [12][13] - Electronics and packaging revenue grew to $289 million, up 25% year-over-year, driven by robust demand for chemistry and equipment [6][13] - Specialty industrial market revenue was $284 million, a 3% sequential increase but down 1% year-over-year, indicating stable trends [9][14] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The semiconductor market showed solid year-over-year growth, with expectations for flat sequential revenue in Q4, translating to double-digit growth for the year [5][12] - Electronics and packaging market revenue is expected to increase sequentially in Q4, with a robust full-year growth forecast of approximately 20% [9][18] - Specialty industrial market revenue is anticipated to remain steady at around $280 million in Q4 [19] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is focused on leveraging its comprehensive portfolio to capture emerging AI-driven demand and is well-positioned to support advanced technology roadmaps [4][10] - Continued investments in organic growth opportunities while reducing leverage through principal prepayments are part of the long-term capital allocation strategy [17][21] - The company aims to achieve a net leverage target of 2.5 times by 2027, with ongoing efforts to reduce debt [97] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the semiconductor market's recovery, particularly in memory pricing and demand, with expectations for a more supply-constrained environment [26][60] - The company anticipates continued strength in its chemistry equipment business, supported by AI, despite potential seasonal declines in chemistry sales [9][19] - Management highlighted the importance of adapting to evolving industry trends, particularly in advanced packaging and the increasing complexity of semiconductor applications [68][70] Other Important Information - The company made a voluntary principal prepayment of $100 million in October, totaling $400 million in voluntary payments for 2025 [17] - A dividend of $0.22 per share was paid during the quarter, amounting to $15 million [18] Q&A Session Summary Question: Clarification on E&P business and chemistry flow-through into 2026 - Management indicated that while they are not guiding for 2026, strong equipment sales position them well for additional chemistry revenue starting in 2026 [24][25] Question: Semiconductor order patterns and pricing recovery - Management noted positive trends in memory pricing and a potential supply-constrained environment, but emphasized that customer order patterns remain to be seen [26][60] Question: Growth drivers in E&P business - Management stated that equipment sales contribute significantly to revenue growth, with a historic year for the equipment business expected [31] Question: Visibility on equipment sales and chemistry growth - Management confirmed strong bookings for chemistry equipment and expressed confidence in meeting demand with existing manufacturing capacity [37] Question: Trends in NAND upgrade cycles - Management acknowledged the lumpy nature of NAND upgrades but expressed readiness to meet any uptick in demand [60] Question: Revenue trends by geography - Management highlighted growth driven by Asia, with a shift towards Southeast Asia as customers onshore chip and packaging fabs [77] Question: Direct China business outlook - Management indicated that while direct semiconductor sales to China are limited, advanced electronics packaging remains a significant part of their business [95]

Financial Performance - Q3 2025 total revenue reached $510.0 million[36] - Q3 2025 gross margin was 17.0%[36] - Q3 2025 operating margin was 5.7%[36] - Q3 2025 EPS was $0.28[36] - Q4 2025 revenue guidance is between $480 million and $530 million[38] - Q4 2025 EPS guidance is between $0.11 and $0.31[39] Segment Performance - Q3 2025 products revenue was $445.0 million with a gross margin of 15.1% and an operating margin of 4.9%[37] - Q3 2025 services revenue was $65.0 million with a gross margin of 30.0% and an operating margin of 11.1%[37] Strategic Growth - The company is focused on increasing market share in manufactured components and expanding its customer base[26] - The company aims to reduce the cost of ownership for customers by leveraging advanced technology and integrated solutions[27]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company reported record revenues of $5.3 billion for the September quarter, a 3% increase from the June quarter [5][18] - Gross margin reached 50.6%, and operating margin was 35%, both record levels for the company [5][18] - Deferred revenue balance at quarter end was $2.77 billion, slightly up from the June quarter [18] - Diluted earnings per share were $1.26, above the midpoint of the guidance range [25] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Foundry accounted for 60% of systems revenue, up from 52% in the June quarter, marking the third consecutive record quarter [19] - Memory contributed 34% of systems revenue, down from 41% in the prior quarter, with non-volatile memory at 18% [19] - DRAM increased to 16% of systems revenue from 14%, driven by strong investments in high-bandwidth memory [19][20] - The Customer Support Business Group generated approximately $1.8 billion in revenue, slightly higher sequentially and year over year [22] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - China represented 43% of total revenue, up from 35% in the prior quarter, with domestic customers growing significantly [21] - Taiwan accounted for 19% of revenue, flat sequentially, while Korea decreased to 15% from 22% [21] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company anticipates a $200 million revenue impact from the new 50% affiliate rule affecting shipments to certain domestic China customers [6] - AI-related demand is expected to support sustained strength in leading-edge foundry logic and DRAM, with a robust setup for equipment spending in 2026 [7][8] - The company is investing in advanced packaging opportunities, anticipating a shift to panel-level packaging to meet the demand for larger chips [15][16] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expects the China region to represent less than 30% of overall revenues in 2026 due to the impact of the new regulations [7] - The company sees a strong demand for NAND upgrades and anticipates over $40 billion in spending for upgrades over the next several years [9][20] - Management expressed confidence in outperforming the wafer fabrication equipment (WFE) market in the long term due to technology trends in semiconductor manufacturing [38] Other Important Information - The company plans to provide a detailed 2026 WFE spending outlook in January [8] - Capital expenditures for the September quarter were $185 million, focused on lab investments and manufacturing site expansions [27] - The company remains committed to returning at least 85% of free cash flow to shareholders over time [25] Q&A Session Summary Question: Insights on customer conversations regarding AI infrastructure spending - Management noted that while recent announcements indicate future demand, current equipment needs are focused on enterprise SSDs and NAND upgrades [32][34] Question: Drivers for relative outperformance in 2026 - Management highlighted that Lam's markets in etch and deposition are expected to outgrow WFE due to ongoing technology transitions [36][38] Question: Clarification on December revenue guidance - Management indicated that the stronger-than-expected WFE and high-bandwidth memory investments contributed to the revised guidance [41][42] Question: Expectations for China revenue in 2026 - Management expressed confidence that China revenue would decline due to the anticipated restrictions, despite previous growth trends [43][45] Question: WFE intensity in AI data centers - Management clarified that the $8 billion of WFE for every $100 billion in data center investment reflects the growing opportunity for Lam in AI applications [49][52] Question: NAND market outlook and growth drivers - Management indicated that NAND growth would primarily be driven by upgrades, with potential for new tools if demand remains high [68][69]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company reported record revenues of $5.3 billion for the September quarter, up 3% from the June quarter [5][18] - Gross margin reached 50.6%, a record in the post-Novellus period, improving from 50.3% in the June quarter [18][22] - Operating margin was 35%, also a record level for both dollars and percentage terms [18][22] - The deferred revenue balance at quarter end was $2.77 billion, slightly up from the June quarter [18] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Foundry accounted for 60% of systems revenue, up from 52% in the June quarter, marking the third consecutive record quarter [19] - Memory contributed 34% of systems revenue, down from 41% in the prior quarter, with non-volatile memory at 18%, down from 27% [19] - DRAM increased to 16% of systems revenue from 14%, driven by strong investments in high-bandwidth memory [19][20] - The Customer Support Business Group generated approximately $1.8 billion in revenue, slightly higher sequentially and year-over-year [22] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - China represented 43% of total revenue, up from 35% in the prior quarter, with domestic Chinese customers growing significantly [21] - Taiwan accounted for 19% of revenue, flat sequentially, while Korea dropped to 15% from 22% [21] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company anticipates a $200 million revenue impact from the new 50% affiliate rule affecting shipments to certain domestic China customers [6] - AI-related demand is expected to support sustained strength in leading-edge foundry logic and DRAM, with a robust setup for equipment spending in 2026 [7][8] - The company is investing in advanced packaging opportunities to meet future demands, with tools being engineered for panel-level packaging [15][16] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expects the China region to represent less than 30% of overall revenues in 2026 due to the impact of the new rule [7] - The company sees a strong demand for NAND upgrades, estimating over $40 billion in spending required over the next several years [9][20] - Management expressed confidence in outperforming WFE growth due to technology trends in semiconductor manufacturing [38] Other Important Information - The company allocated approximately $990 million to share buybacks in the September quarter, with a remaining $6.5 billion on the share repurchase plan [25][26] - Capital expenditures for the quarter were $185 million, focused on lab investments and manufacturing site expansions [27] Q&A Session Summary Question: Insights on customer conversations regarding AI infrastructure spending - Management noted that while recent announcements indicate future demand, current equipment needs are focused on enterprise SSDs and NAND upgrades [33][34] Question: Drivers for relative outperformance in 2026 - Management indicated that Lam's markets in etch and deposition are expected to outgrow WFE due to ongoing technology transitions [38] Question: Clarification on December revenue guidance - Management attributed the stronger December guidance to improved expectations in high-bandwidth memory and overall WFE strength [42] Question: Outlook for NAND market and potential for new tools - Management expects continued focus on upgrades in NAND due to a large install base, with potential for new tools if demand remains high [68] Question: Impact of clean room space on growth - Management acknowledged that physical infrastructure limitations could affect growth, but emphasized that demand is accelerating [60] Question: Dynamics of CSPG growth and margins - Management confirmed that CSPG is growing and remains accretive to operating margins, with strong demand in spares and upgrades [62]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference focused on the **Global Semiconductor Capital Equipment** industry, particularly insights gathered from meetings at **SEMICON West** [1][2]. Core Insights - **Overall Market Sentiment**: The tone from industry management teams was generally constructive, with expectations for **Wafer Fabrication Equipment (WFE)** growth in the upcoming year [1]. - **Investor Sentiment**: Investors have become more optimistic, particularly regarding a potential recovery in the memory sector, especially in **DRAM** [2]. - **Memory Market Dynamics**: Evidence of recovery is more apparent in **DRAM**, while **NAND** capacity orders remain uncertain, although upgrade spending continues [2]. Company-Specific Insights Lam Research (LRCX) - **Outlook**: Rated **Outperform** with a price target of **$105**. Management indicated strong revenues from China in the upcoming quarter and sees a **$40 billion** NAND upgrade opportunity over several years [9]. - **Market Position**: Lam is well-positioned in NAND and DRAM, with expectations of benefiting from memory upgrades and HBM investments [9]. - **Geopolitical Impact**: The company believes that U.S. tariff impacts are manageable and that local competition in China is growing but still prioritizes tool quality [9]. Applied Materials (AMAT) - **Outlook**: Rated **Outperform** with a price target of **$195**. Management acknowledged a misjudgment in customer ramp plans but remains confident in future growth [10]. - **Market Dynamics**: DRAM wafer starts are expected to increase, while NAND upgrades are anticipated to drive growth without new fabs [10]. Tokyo Electron (8035 JP) - **Outlook**: Rated **Outperform** with a price target of **¥31,100**. Management sees potential upside in DRAM revenues but remains cautious about NAND investments [11][12]. Soitec SA - **Outlook**: Rated **Outperform** with a price target of **€74**. The company is undergoing a leadership transition and expects inventory corrections in RF SOI to stabilize by the end of 2026 [19][20]. - **Market Position**: Soitec anticipates a **5-10%** growth trajectory for RF SOI post-correction, driven by 5G and new use cases [21]. Entegris (ENTG) - **Overview**: Entegris provides specialized electronic materials and solutions, with a business mix of **70% Logic** and **30% Memory** [29]. - **Market Outlook**: Management expects average performance this year due to market asynchronicity but sees growth opportunities in Logic, DRAM, and NAND [29]. Onto Innovation Inc - **Overview**: Focused on process control and metrology tools, with advanced packaging being a significant revenue driver [32]. - **Market Dynamics**: The company is working to regain market share lost to KLA and is diversifying its manufacturing footprint to mitigate geopolitical risks [32]. Nova Limited (NVMI) - **Overview**: A leading provider of metrology equipment, with a focus on increasing metrology intensity in semiconductor manufacturing [36]. - **Market Position**: Management sees significant growth opportunities in advanced packaging and gate-all-around technologies [36]. Form Factor (FORM) - **Overview**: Specializes in probe cards and measurement equipment, with a focus on HBM growth driven by engagements with major customers [40]. - **Market Dynamics**: The company is undergoing operational changes to improve gross margins and has seen a significant drop in revenues from China due to export controls [40]. Advanced Energy Industries Inc (AEIS) - **Overview**: A key supplier of precision power equipment for the semiconductor industry, with half of its revenue derived from this market [42]. - **Market Outlook**: Management sees strong long-term growth potential across various end markets, including semiconductors and data centers [43]. Additional Important Insights - **Geopolitical Risks**: Companies are navigating challenges posed by local competition in China and U.S. export controls, which have impacted revenues and market strategies [9][32][40]. - **Technological Innovations**: There is a focus on advanced packaging and new materials, which are expected to drive future growth across various segments of the semiconductor industry [36][40]. This summary encapsulates the key points discussed during the conference call, highlighting the overall market sentiment, company-specific insights, and additional important factors influencing the semiconductor capital equipment industry.

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - **Industry**: Semiconductor Capital Equipment - **Key Focus**: Wafer Fabrication Equipment (WFE) and its role in supporting AI and high-performance computing (HPC) demand, alongside memory market dynamics and reshoring trends [1][2][3] Core Insights and Arguments - **Optimistic Multi-Year Outlook**: The semiconductor capital equipment sector is expected to benefit significantly from large data center deployments, with a projected long-term industry spend of $150 billion in WFE supporting over $1 trillion in semiconductor sales by 2030 [1] - **Memory Upcycle**: There is growing optimism regarding a memory upcycle, with expectations of strong upward revisions in earnings per share (EPS) for 2026 and 2027 due to improving visibility and demand [1][2] - **WFE Estimates**: Revised estimates for WFE in 2025 and 2026 are $117.8 billion (+12% YoY) and $128 billion (+9% YoY), respectively, driven by leading-edge foundry and logic growth, as well as NAND upgrade activities [3] - **Investment in AI**: Semiconductor capital equipment is viewed as a high-quality, lower-volatility investment opportunity due to the increasing complexity and demand for advanced AI chips [4] Company-Specific Insights Applied Materials (AMAT) - **Rating Upgrade**: AMAT's rating was upgraded to Buy with a price objective (PO) raised to $250, driven by expectations of WFE outgrowth in 2026 due to robust DRAM investments [2][10] - **China Revenue Impact**: New export controls are expected to reduce AMAT's China revenue by $110 million in Q4 and $600 million in FY26, but the company remains optimistic about its market share and future revenue [10][33] - **DRAM and NAND Outlook**: AMAT anticipates a strong year for DRAM WFE in 2026, with potential share gains in both DRAM and leading-edge logic markets [10][33] Camtek (CAMT) - **Rating Upgrade**: CAMT's rating was upgraded to Buy with a PO raised to $135, reflecting improved HBM demand and potential sales growth [2][17] - **HBM Demand**: The company is positioned to benefit from a major investment cycle in memory, particularly in HBM, with expectations of increased wafer inspection demand as technology advances [41] - **Tool Development**: CAMT's new tools, Hawk and G5, are expected to significantly contribute to revenue, with a focus on high-end HBM and chiplet applications [41] Axcelis Technologies (ACLS) - **Rating Downgrade**: ACLS was downgraded to Underperform with a new PO of $90, citing limited near-term catalysts and challenges in key markets [2][22] - **Merger with Veeco**: The proposed merger with Veeco is seen as beneficial in the long term, but the immediate outlook remains cautious due to competition and market dynamics [22][39] Other Companies - **LRCX, KLAC, NVMI, AEIS, MKSI**: Price objectives for these companies were raised based on strong market positions and growth prospects in NAND and foundry/logic segments [2][26][27][28][29][30] Additional Important Insights - **Valuation Trends**: Semiconductor capital equipment valuations have increased, with large-cap forward price-to-earnings (PE) ratios re-rating significantly year-to-date [4] - **Risks**: Potential risks include competition from domestic Chinese suppliers, export controls, and the impact of trailing-edge WFE sales on overall performance [15][21][33] This summary encapsulates the key points discussed in the conference call, highlighting the optimistic outlook for the semiconductor capital equipment industry, specific company insights, and potential risks that investors should consider.

Group 1 - Rewey Asset Management's "RAM Smid Composite" reported a 10.70% increase in the third quarter of 2025, outperforming the benchmark Russell 2500 Value Total Return Index, which gained 8.17% [1] - Year-to-date, the composite returned 9.29%, matching the benchmark's performance [1] - Smaller market cap indices in the Russell family outperformed larger counterparts during the third quarter [1] Group 2 - Ultra Clean Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ:UCTT) is highlighted as a key stock, with a one-month return of 6.40% but a 52-week loss of 25.72% [2] - As of October 13, 2025, Ultra Clean Holdings, Inc. had a market capitalization of $1.26 billion, with shares closing at $27.78 [2] - The company focuses on gas delivery systems and cleaning services for the semiconductor capital equipment industry, with Lam Research and Applied Materials as its largest customers [3] Group 3 - RAM Smid Composite continued to build its position in Ultra Clean Holdings, Inc. during price weakness early in the quarter [3] - UCTT shares ended the quarter at $27.29, significantly below their 52-week high of $41.84, attributed to weak semiconductor capital equipment spending [3] - The investment outlook for UCTT is considered compelling, with expectations of a positive inflection in the semiconductor capital expenditure cycle not yet reflected in revenue and earnings estimates [3]

Core Insights - Heartland Mid Cap Value Fund's portfolio increased by 1.63% in Q3 2025, underperforming the Russell Midcap® Value Index, which gained 6.18% [1] - Stock selection was identified as the main factor contributing to the fund's underperformance, as the market favored large- and mid-cap growth stocks driven by optimism around AI and rising electricity demand [1] - The focus on valuations during this period was noted to be potentially detrimental to performance [1] Company Highlights - Lam Research Corporation (NASDAQ:LRCX) was highlighted as a significant holding in the Heartland Mid Cap Value Fund, with a one-month return of 10.20% and a 52-week gain of 53.29% [2] - As of October 10, 2025, Lam Research's stock closed at $131.37 per share, with a market capitalization of $165.662 billion [2] - Lam Research is recognized as a leading supplier of semiconductor capital equipment, crucial for producing advanced integrated circuits in the chip industry [3]