日前，第十届库布其国际沙漠论坛在内蒙古鄂尔多斯市举办。来自中国、沙特阿拉伯、蒙古国、巴西等 国家和地区的260余名代表共同探讨荒漠化防治议题，深入库布其沙漠腹地实地考察沙漠北缘锁边林带 建设、光伏治沙、以路治沙、小流域综合治理等创新模式。 联合国粮农组织土地与水资源司副司长诺拉·贝拉穆尼认为，中国的荒漠化防治成为全球典范，中国"三 北"工程是《联合国防治荒漠化公约》《联合国气候变化框架公约》《生物多样性公约》的有力实践， 为全球荒漠化治理贡献中国智慧、提供中国方案。 在达拉特旗光伏治沙基地，"板上发电、板下治沙、板间种草"的立体发展模式让嘉宾们赞叹不已。来自 乌兹别克斯坦的穆拉特巴伊·加尼耶夫蹲在光伏板下，仔细观察板缝斑驳光影中长势旺盛的柠条等沙生 植物，眼中满是惊喜："乌兹别克斯坦的降水量与这里接近，也有很多沙化土地。看到这里治理得如此 好，我想把你们的技术和设备运用到我们的荒漠化治理中。" 据介绍，鄂尔多斯市在"光伏长城"治沙带建成光伏装机规模超1000万千瓦，实现光伏治沙约80万亩。待 在建、已批复光伏项目全部建成，可实现防沙治沙面积超200万亩。"中国在实现土地退化零增长方面付 出了巨大努力，将防沙治 ...

Core Viewpoint - Xinjiang has transformed from a desert region to a significant grain-producing area, achieving a record grain yield of 524.8 kg per mu in 2024, surpassing the national average by 130 kg and ranking first in the country for the first time in history [1][2]. Group 1: Environmental Transformation - The successful creation of a 3046 km green barrier along the edge of the Taklamakan Desert has effectively curbed desert expansion, marking a significant achievement in global desertification control [6][9]. - The green barrier project has resulted in an increase of 56,000 square kilometers of oasis area and a reduction of 1955.7 square kilometers of desertified land over the past 30 years [9]. - The project has also led to the cultivation of 6.24 million mu of specialty economic crops, generating an annual output value exceeding 30 billion yuan [9]. Group 2: Technological and Economic Synergy - The success of the green barrier is attributed to continuous innovation and breakthroughs in desertification control technologies, including collaborative prevention and treatment, mechanical desertification control, and new models like "photovoltaic + desertification control" [8]. - The project has demonstrated that ecological protection and economic development can mutually reinforce each other, creating new economic growth points rather than being a financial burden [10]. - The initiative has garnered international recognition, receiving awards for outstanding contributions to desertification prevention from the United Nations [10]. Group 3: Global Impact and Knowledge Sharing - The Taklamakan Desert green barrier project serves as a model for global desertification prevention, sharing successful techniques and experiences with experts from 14 countries during training sessions [11]. - The shift from "desert encroachment" to "green recovery" signifies a new beginning in China's desertification control efforts, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices [11].

Group 1 - The core theme of the 2025 "6·17 Desertification and Drought Prevention Day" in Guangxi is "Scientific Prevention of Desertification, Building a Beautiful Guangxi," aimed at mobilizing public participation in combating land desertification and promoting ecological and industrial coordinated development [1] - Guangxi has made significant progress in desertification prevention, completing approximately 14,300 field investigations of desertification and collecting around 28,000 characteristic point photos since 2024 [1] - The area of desertified land in Guangxi has decreased by over 4% compared to the fourth desertification monitoring results in 2021, indicating improvements in both forest and grassland quality and a reduction in soil erosion intensity [1] Group 2 - Guangxi has adopted a governance principle of "natural restoration as the main approach, with artificial restoration as a supplement," focusing on measures such as forest and grassland cultivation on severely desertified lands [1] - The region has completed a total of 2.4528 million acres of comprehensive desertification management since 2021, exceeding the planned target by 131% [1] - Guangxi is innovating industrial development models, exploring various "desertification + precious tree species" and "desertification + grass" paths, with the Pingguo City developing a unique ecological industry based on dragon fruit cultivation, generating over 700 million yuan in annual economic benefits [2]

Group 1 - The formation of the world's longest ecological barrier around the Taklamakan Desert, measuring 3046 kilometers, marks a significant achievement in desertification control efforts [1] - The government has allocated 1 billion yuan annually for desertification control, and policies like the "Nine Sand Measures" are encouraging social capital to invest in desert management [1] - Companies like Tangnong Wantuo are actively participating in desertification control, with plans to plant 4200 acres of sand-fixing plants this year [1] Group 2 - Technological advancements are transforming desert management practices, with smart planting robots and automated machinery significantly increasing efficiency and reducing costs [2] - The integration of economic benefits with ecological construction is essential for sustainable development, as seen in the cultivation of desert plants like robor and meat fungus [2] - The production of meat fungus in Yutian County has reached 40,000 tons, accounting for 85% of the national output, creating over 10,000 jobs and linking ecological restoration with economic growth [2] Group 3 - New agricultural models combining various plant types are being tested to promote ecological balance and market risk mitigation in desert areas [3] - Ongoing efforts in biological, engineering, and photovoltaic desertification control are enhancing the effectiveness of the ecological barrier around the Taklamakan Desert [3]

Core Viewpoint - The "Three North" project in Inner Mongolia represents a significant ecological transformation, turning desert areas into green zones and enhancing local livelihoods through innovative environmental management practices [1][13]. Group 1: Ecological Transformation - Inner Mongolia, covering 12% of China's land, plays a crucial role in combating desertification and ensuring ecological security for regions like Beijing and Tianjin [1]. - The "Three North" project has successfully transformed areas from "sand encroachment" to "green advancement," showcasing a commitment to ecological restoration [1][2]. - The implementation of a "sand control + photovoltaic" model has led to a 30% reduction in desertification severity over 2.2 million acres [2]. Group 2: Economic Benefits - The integration of ecological restoration with economic development has resulted in increased incomes for local herders, with average annual income rising by 15,000 yuan per person [3]. - The establishment of ecological economic forests has generated significant agricultural outputs, such as 100,000 pounds of jujube fruit annually from newly planted areas [2]. - The promotion of sustainable practices, such as the cultivation of medicinal herbs and eco-tourism, has led to a 40% increase in income for local households [3]. Group 3: Technological Innovations - The shift from manual labor to mechanized operations in desert management has improved efficiency, with new machines achieving up to 20 times the productivity of traditional methods [7][9]. - The use of smart irrigation systems and real-time monitoring has transformed water management in agricultural practices, enhancing crop yields and reducing water wastage [5][6]. - The development of a "sky-ground integrated" monitoring system allows for precise tracking of ecological restoration efforts, ensuring effective management of resources [9]. Group 4: Sustainable Practices in Pastoralism - The transition from overgrazing to balanced grazing practices has improved grassland health, with vegetation coverage increasing by 7% over five years [12]. - The adoption of modern ranching techniques, such as rotational grazing and reduced livestock numbers, has led to significant cost savings and improved pasture quality [10][11]. - The establishment of modern pastoral zones has enabled 30% of herders to increase their income through sustainable livestock management [12].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant progress made by Shaanxi Province in combating desertification and promoting key ecological projects, particularly through the "Three North" shelterbelt program, which has led to a substantial reduction in desertified land and improved ecological conditions in the Yellow River basin [1][2]. Group 1: Achievements in Desertification Control - Shaanxi Province has completed afforestation over 63 million acres since the initiation of the "Three North" shelterbelt program in 1978, reducing desertified land from 36 million acres at the founding of New China to 18.35 million acres [1]. - The area of severely and extremely severely desertified land has decreased by over 2 million acres, representing a reduction rate of 82% [1]. - The annual sediment load entering the Yellow River has dropped from over 800 million tons in the 1980s to 260 million tons [1]. Group 2: Collaborative Efforts and Agreements - A cross-regional and cross-departmental governance framework has been established, with the formation of a high-quality promotion task force and project review center for forestry projects, resulting in 32 projects being stored for the "Three North" program [2]. - Cooperation agreements have been signed among cities including Yulin, Ordos, Qingyang, Shizuishan, and Wuzhong to jointly advance sand control efforts [2]. - A framework cooperation agreement has been signed between the Shaanxi Provincial Forestry Bureau and the Ningxia Forestry and Grassland Bureau to promote comprehensive desertification control and ecological governance in the Yellow River basin [2].

Core Viewpoint - The "Three North" project is a significant national strategy aimed at combating desertification and improving ecological conditions in northern China, with a focus on high-quality development and integrated management of natural resources [1][4]. Group 1: Project Overview - The "Three North" project, initiated in 1978, targets areas severely affected by desertification, with a total planned area of 4.069 million square kilometers across 13 provinces and regions [2][3]. - The project aims to increase forest coverage from 5.05% in 1978 to 14.95% by 2050, while effectively controlling sand hazards and soil erosion [2]. Group 2: Phased Development - The project has been implemented in phases, with the first phase (1978-1985) focusing on agricultural ecological barriers and achieving afforestation of 5.35 million hectares [3]. - Subsequent phases have progressively expanded the scope and objectives, culminating in the completion of 31.74 million hectares of afforestation by 2020, raising forest coverage to 13.84% [3]. Group 3: Current Phase and Goals - The current sixth phase (2021-2030) emphasizes consolidating and expanding achievements in sand control, with a focus on integrated protection of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts [4][5]. - Key battles include the Yellow River "bending" campaign and the eradication of sand hazards in specific regions, supported by a coordinated governance mechanism [4][5]. Group 4: Technological Advancements - The project has seen a shift towards mechanized sand control, with nearly 50% of operations now utilizing advanced machinery, significantly improving efficiency and reducing costs [6][8]. - Innovations in technology, such as the "Linji Cloud" system for equipment monitoring, have enhanced operational management and effectiveness [7]. Group 5: Economic Integration - The project has successfully integrated ecological restoration with economic development, promoting sustainable agricultural practices and the cultivation of drought-resistant crops [11][12]. - For instance, the development of the goji berry industry in Ningxia has created a complete industrial chain, contributing to a total output value of 29 billion yuan [14]. Group 6: Regional Practices - Inner Mongolia has implemented various innovative models for sand control, achieving significant ecological improvements and economic benefits through community involvement and technological integration [17][21]. - The region has seen a transformation from "sand encroachment" to "green recovery," with substantial increases in vegetation cover and economic output from ecological industries [19][20].