夏宁 2012年诺贝尔经济学奖得主、市场设计奠基人埃尔文・E・罗斯（Alvin E . Rose）在其著作《匹配》中 开宗明义地指出，匹配作为一种机制设计，可以被广泛应用于一些公共政策和筛选机制中，书中列举了 升学、医疗、择业等领域的例子。 罗斯是美国著名经济学家，市场设计理论的奠基人，2012年，罗斯与经济学家罗伊德・沙普利共同获得 诺贝尔经济学奖，因其"在稳定配置理论及市场设计实践上的杰出贡献"，瑞典皇家科学院高度评价其理 论找到了解决现实世界问题的实用方案。可见，罗斯教授不仅在博弈论、市场设计和实验经济学领域研 究颇深，且能够将相关学术理论转化为解决公共政策领域现实挑战的解决方案，经世致用，非常难得。 这本书详解了基于市场设计的匹配到底是什么，市场设计原则是什么，如何不断优化市场设计，那么有 一定经济学基础的读者也许会问：那市场设计既然不同于以价格调节为基石的市场机制，它和政府干预 的"有形之手"的区别在哪里？ 这是一个非常专业视角的问题，二者的区别是存在的。市场设计主要是确立规则、搭建平台，并不直接 参与交易或定价，只搭建框架让参与者在平台或是机制里进行匹配，市场设计多用于"价格失灵"的领 域，比如教 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the importance of understanding the underlying rules and mechanisms in resource allocation, as highlighted by Nobel laureate Alvin E. Roth in his book "Matching" [3][4][5] - Roth's work illustrates that resource distribution is not solely determined by price but also by a comprehensive set of rules and institutions, which can transform passive participants into informed players [4][5] - The book serves as a guide to understanding the hidden rules that govern various aspects of life, from education to job selection, and encourages readers to recognize and seize genuine opportunities [4][5] Group 2 - The article introduces another book titled "Deep Reforms" by Yin Yanlin, which focuses on the deep-seated issues within China's economic system and proposes reform directions [8][9] - The book is structured into four parts, addressing the meaning of deep reforms, analyzing current economic challenges, suggesting specific reform directions, and providing recommendations for ensuring the smooth implementation of reforms [8][9] - Yin Yanlin's expertise in macroeconomic policy and economic system reform is highlighted, showcasing his influence in both policy-making and academic circles [9]