据智通财经获悉，GPUaaS是一种云解决方案，使用户可以通过虚 拟化技术远程、经济高效地访问以 GPU为基础的计算资源。其主要包括(i)图形GPUaaS， 主要是实时云渲染; 及计算GPUaaS，主要是AI推 理和AI训练。 疑似《黑神话：悟空》云服务商又双叒叕向港交所冲刺IPO了。 1月30日，安徽海马云科技股份有限公司(以下简称"海马云")正式向港交所主板递交上市申请书，中金 公司（601995）与招银国际为联席保荐人。这是该公司继2025年6月首次递表后，再度冲刺港股上市。 该公司成立于2013年，是中国最大的云游戏实时云渲染服务(即视觉内容计算及生成)GPUaaS提供商， 主要为游戏、泛娱乐、数字文旅、数字教育等行业的客户提供服务及相关解决方案。根据灼识咨询的资 料，按2024年的收入计算，海马云在中国云游戏场景实时云渲染服务提供商中排名第一，市场份额为 17.9%。 结合基本面来看，海马云二次递表的背后则是这家头部云服务商不可回避的"反差"——一面是中国最大 的云游戏实时云渲染服务GPUaaS提供商光环，另一面则是三年累计亏损6.5亿元的未盈利窘境。 那么，透过招股书进一步探讨一下，海马云此次赴港上 ...

Core Insights - The cloud gaming market is rapidly growing, offering convenience and accessibility compared to traditional gaming, especially for casual players [1] Company Overview - Anhui Haima Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as "Haima Cloud") is a GPU-as-a-Service (GPUaaS) provider focused on real-time cloud rendering services for cloud gaming [2][7] - The company was established in December 2013 and has undergone several name changes and structural adjustments, with its headquarters located in Hefei, Anhui [4] - Major shareholders include a group of individuals and institutions, with a combined ownership of approximately 26.29% [4] Financial Performance - Haima Cloud's revenue has shown growth, with figures of RMB 290 million, RMB 337 million, RMB 520 million, and RMB 584 million for the years 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first ten months of 2025, respectively, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 33.8% from 2022 to 2024 [12][14] - The company has not yet achieved profitability, reporting net losses of RMB 246 million, RMB 218 million, RMB 186 million, and RMB 149 million during the same periods [12] - The gross profit margins for the company were 21.2%, 26.6%, 24.9%, and 24.5% for the respective years [16] Business Segments - Haima Cloud's primary revenue source is cloud gaming GPUaaS, which accounted for 85.4%, 65.4%, 88.1%, and 89.2% of total revenue during the reporting periods [14] - The company also provides cloud-native content services and other services, with cloud-native content services contributing 8.9%, 30.6%, 9.0%, and 6.8% to total revenue [14] Market Position - As of 2024, Haima Cloud is ranked first among cloud gaming real-time rendering service providers in China, holding a market share of 17.9% [31][34] - The global real-time cloud rendering service market is projected to grow from RMB 11 billion in 2020 to RMB 29.7 billion by 2024, with China's market expected to reach RMB 8 billion in the same timeframe [29][31] Competitive Landscape - The industry is competitive, with major players including Tencent and Alibaba, which possess significant internal cloud rendering capabilities [25][31] - Haima Cloud faces competition from other real-time cloud rendering service providers such as Weiling Technology and Shushi Technology [31] Future Outlook - The company is expected to continue expanding its market presence and improving operational efficiency, although it faces challenges in achieving profitability amid strong competition [35]

Core Viewpoint - HaiMa Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. is pursuing an IPO in Hong Kong despite not achieving profitability during the reporting period from 2022 to 2024, although it has shown significant revenue growth [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Performance - HaiMa Cloud's revenue for the years 2022, 2023, and 2024 is approximately CNY 290 million, CNY 337 million, and CNY 520 million, respectively, while the total losses and expenses during the same period are CNY 246 million, CNY 218 million, and CNY 186 million, indicating ongoing losses [2]. - The administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue are 24.5%, 26.4%, and 15.2% for the years 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively, while R&D expenses account for 46.1%, 33.5%, and 19.4% of revenue during the same period [2]. Group 2: Shareholding and Investment Activity - Prior to the IPO application, multiple institutions acquired shares in HaiMa Cloud, raising questions about compliance [3]. - Notably, Shenzhen Chuangdongfang Investment Co., Ltd. transferred approximately 402,600 shares to Ningbo Yueran Textile Co., Ltd., which later transferred the same number of shares again [3]. Group 3: Customer and Supplier Relationships - Migu Culture Technology Co., Ltd. is HaiMa Cloud's largest customer, contributing 42.5%, 46.4%, and 35.7% of revenue from 2022 to 2024, while holding a 13.62% stake in HaiMa Cloud [4]. - HaiMa Cloud has a dual relationship with Migu Culture's parent company, China Mobile, serving as both a supplier and a customer, with procurement amounts from China Mobile accounting for 8.2%, 0.2%, and 0% of total procurement during the reporting period [4]. - Customer J is identified as both a major customer and supplier, indicating overlapping roles in HaiMa Cloud's business operations [5].

Core Viewpoint - HaiMa Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. is pursuing an IPO in Hong Kong despite significant revenue growth from 2022 to 2024, it has not yet achieved profitability [1][4]. Group 1: Financial Performance - Revenue for HaiMa Cloud is projected to grow from approximately RMB 290 million in 2022 to RMB 520 million in 2024 [4]. - The company has incurred losses of RMB 246 million, RMB 218 million, and RMB 186 million for the years 2022, 2023, and 2024 respectively, indicating ongoing financial challenges [4]. - The gross profit margin has fluctuated, with figures of 21.2%, 26.6%, and 24.9% for the years 2022, 2023, and 2024 respectively [5]. Group 2: Business Model and Revenue Sources - HaiMa Cloud claims to be the largest GPU as a Service (GPUaaS) provider in China, with its cloud gaming GPUaaS business expected to account for nearly 90% of revenue by 2024 [3]. - The company has three main business segments: cloud gaming GPUaaS, cloud-native content services, and other services [3]. Group 3: Key Customers and Related Transactions - Migu Culture Technology Co., Ltd. is the largest customer, contributing 42.5%, 46.4%, and 35.7% of HaiMa Cloud's revenue from 2022 to 2024 [2][7]. - Migu Culture holds a 13.62% stake in HaiMa Cloud, highlighting the interconnectedness of their business relationship [2][7]. - China Mobile, the parent company of Migu Culture, has also been a significant supplier, with procurement amounts representing 8.2%, 0.2%, and 0% of total purchases from 2022 to 2024 [8]. Group 4: Operational Challenges - High administrative and research & development expenses have been significant factors contributing to the company's losses, with administrative expenses accounting for 24.5%, 26.4%, and 15.2% of revenue, and R&D expenses accounting for 46.1%, 33.5%, and 19.4% of revenue from 2022 to 2024 [6].

Core Viewpoint - HaiMa Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. (HaiMa Cloud) has submitted an IPO application to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, aiming to leverage its position as a leading provider of real-time cloud rendering services in the cloud gaming sector, despite facing significant financial losses and dependency on major clients [1][3][4]. Company Overview - HaiMa Cloud is recognized as the largest GPU as a Service (GPUaaS) provider for real-time cloud rendering in China, with a market share of 17.9% projected for 2024 [3][4]. - The company has completed 10 rounds of financing since its establishment in 2013, raising over 1 billion RMB, with investments from top-tier institutions like Sequoia China and Hillhouse Capital [3][12]. Financial Performance - From 2022 to 2024, HaiMa Cloud's revenue is projected to grow from 290 million RMB to 519 million RMB, while net losses are expected to decrease from 246 million RMB to 186 million RMB, totaling 650 million RMB in losses over three years [4][5]. - The company’s adjusted net losses for the same period are forecasted to decline from 174 million RMB to 84 million RMB [4][6]. - Research and development expenses are high, accounting for 46.1%, 33.5%, and 19.4% of total revenue from 2022 to 2024, contributing to the overall losses [6][10]. Client Dependency - HaiMa Cloud's revenue is heavily reliant on its top five clients, which contributed over 70% of total revenue from 2022 to 2024, indicating a high customer concentration risk [15][17]. - The largest client, Migu Culture, accounted for 42.5%, 46.4%, and 35.7% of total revenue during the same period [17]. Market Potential - The real-time cloud rendering service market in China is expected to reach 33.2 billion RMB by 2029, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 33.1% from 2024 to 2029 [19]. - The cloud gaming market in China is projected to grow from 42 billion RMB in 2024 to 165 billion RMB by 2027, with a CAGR of 58% [22]. Investment Strategy - The IPO proceeds are planned to be allocated as follows: 40% for infrastructure investment (mainly GPU procurement), 30% for research and development, 20% for emerging fields like game AI, and 10% for working capital [14]. - The company aims to diversify its client base and reduce reliance on major clients, targeting to increase the number of clients to over 100 by 2025 and decrease the revenue contribution from the top five clients to below 60% [23].

Core Viewpoint - HaiMa Cloud, a rising unicorn from Anhui, provides cloud gaming services that allow users to experience high-performance games and applications on ordinary devices without the need for expensive hardware [2][11]. Group 1: Company Overview - HaiMa Cloud is founded by Dang Jinfeng, a tech enthusiast known for his casual style and innovative approach to technology [6][7]. - The company specializes in GPU as a Service (GPUaaS), enabling users to run high-performance games and applications on low-end devices through cloud rendering [3][8]. - HaiMa Cloud has developed its own ARM-based servers, becoming a pioneer in vertical cloud computing for gaming [10][11]. Group 2: Business Model and Revenue - The primary revenue source for HaiMa Cloud is its cloud gaming GPUaaS, which accounted for 85.4% of total revenue in 2022, with projections showing a significant increase in 2024 [11]. - Major clients include Migu Culture, contributing substantial revenue to the company, with figures of 1.23 billion, 1.56 billion, and 1.85 billion yuan from 2022 to 2024 [11]. - The company has seen a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 33.8% in revenue from 2022 to 2024, although it continues to face net losses [17]. Group 3: Market Potential and Trends - The cloud gaming market in China is expected to reach 11.6 billion yuan by 2029, with a CAGR of 35.4% from 2024 to 2029 [16]. - HaiMa Cloud holds a 17.9% market share in real-time cloud rendering services, ranking first among competitors [17]. - The integration of 5G, AI, and VR technologies is anticipated to create new immersive gaming experiences, with a focus on reducing latency to under 20 milliseconds [18][19]. Group 4: Target Demographics and Innovations - There is a growing market for female gamers, with their proportion increasing from 28% in 2022 to 35% in 2024, indicating a need for cloud-native games tailored to their preferences [20]. - The elderly demographic is also a target, with a 120% increase in cloud gaming access via smart TVs, highlighting the demand for easy-to-use games [20]. - Innovative business models are emerging, such as combining cloud gaming with educational content and collaborating with hardware manufacturers for bundled services [21][22].

Core Viewpoint - HaiMa Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. is preparing for an IPO on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, focusing on real-time cloud rendering services for various industries, including gaming and digital education [1] Group 1: Company Overview - Established in 2013, HaiMa Cloud is the first company in China to independently design and develop servers and build GPU clusters for real-time cloud rendering [1] - The company has formed long-term partnerships with major clients, including China Mobile and leading game developers [1] - As of 2024, HaiMa Cloud is the largest GPUaaS provider for real-time cloud rendering services in China, holding a market share of 17.9% [1] Group 2: Financial Performance - Revenue for HaiMa Cloud was 290 million RMB in 2022, projected to grow to 520 million RMB by 2024, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 33.8% [2] - Despite revenue growth, the company has been operating at a loss, with net losses of 245 million RMB in 2022, 217 million RMB in 2023, and 185 million RMB in 2024 [2] - The majority of revenue comes from cloud gaming GPUaaS, which accounted for 85.4% of total revenue in 2022, decreasing to 65.4% in 2023, and increasing to 88.1% in 2024 [2] Group 3: Customer Dependency - HaiMa Cloud has a significant reliance on a few major clients, with the top five clients contributing 81.2% of total revenue in 2022, 72.3% in 2023, and 72.7% in 2024 [3] - The largest client, Migu Culture, contributed 123 million RMB in 2022, 156 million RMB in 2023, and 185 million RMB in 2024, representing 42.5%, 46.4%, and 35.7% of total revenue, respectively [3] - The company anticipates market growth in real-time cloud rendering services, with projections indicating a market size of 11.6 billion RMB by 2029 and a CAGR of 35.4% from 2024 to 2029 [3] Group 4: Funding and Use of Proceeds - Since its inception, HaiMa Cloud has completed 10 rounds of financing, raising a total of 1.105 billion RMB [4] - The funds raised from the IPO will primarily be used for infrastructure investment, R&D activities related to core platform software, and the development of new products [4]