Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of deepening the market-oriented allocation of factors as a key step in building a unified national market and a high-level socialist market economy system [1][5]. Group 1: Background and Significance - The need to improve resource allocation efficiency, especially for scarce resources, is highlighted as essential for maximizing production and benefits [2]. - The transition from a government-led development model to a market-driven approach has revealed structural contradictions, necessitating reforms to enhance economic efficiency [3]. - The current phase of high-quality development in China requires breaking local protectionism and market segmentation to unleash market potential and enhance economic dynamism [2][3]. Group 2: Existing Issues in Factor Market - The factor market's development is lagging compared to commodity and service markets, with issues such as low marketization and systemic barriers to orderly flow [6]. - Local protectionism and market fragmentation hinder the free flow of factors across regions, affecting overall economic efficiency [6][10]. - The lack of unified standards for evaluating and trading factors, particularly in land, labor, and capital, contributes to inefficiencies [6][9]. Group 3: Reform Pilot Initiatives - The pilot reforms aim to explore innovative systems in key areas like technology, data, and talent, facilitating a virtuous cycle between education, technology, and finance [7]. - The initiative is expected to enhance innovation and industrial upgrading by reallocating factors towards high-end manufacturing and green industries [7][8]. - The pilot projects are strategically located in ten regions with strong development foundations, aiming to address common challenges in factor mobility and support the construction of a unified national market [10][12]. Group 4: Unified Factor Resource Market - Establishing a unified factor resource market is crucial for reducing resource misallocation and waste, promoting fair competition [9][10]. - The unified market will standardize property rights, entry and exit conditions, pricing mechanisms, and regulatory frameworks across regions [9][10]. - This approach is expected to enhance the efficiency and resilience of the national economy by facilitating the optimal allocation of resources [10]. Group 5: Future Directions and Systematic Reforms - The reforms should focus on enhancing the synergy between traditional and new factors, ensuring a dynamic balance that supports new productivity [13][14]. - Key areas for reform include establishing clear property rights, improving price formation mechanisms, and creating a unified market system [15][16]. - Continuous efforts are needed to break down administrative and regional barriers, ensuring a conducive environment for factor mobility and fair trading [16].

Group 1 - The shift in China's economy towards services is seen as a strategic response to tariffs impacting manufacturing and exports, as services provide a greater jobs multiplier effect [1] - The US has a significant trade deficit in goods but maintains a strong trade surplus in services, indicating a potential loss of competitiveness in services due to tariffs on goods [2] - China is diversifying its exports beyond low-value manufactured goods to include high-tech products, talent, capital, culture, and food, which helps mitigate tariff impacts [4][5] Group 2 - China's exposure to US domestic demand is relatively small, allowing for effective diversification and strengthening in the services sector, as evidenced by Singapore's services sector contributing over 70% to its GDP [6] - The services sector is closely linked to the manufacturing sector, where a downturn in manufacturing can still affect services, albeit to a lesser extent [7]