文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 是我们日常生活中必不可少的消费品。 主要是食品饮料，包括酒、乳制品、肉制品等。 有朋友问，消费有哪些细分行业，长期表现如何？ 过去20年，消费行业经历了哪些牛 熊市 ？ 为啥这轮 牛市 中消费比较低迷，之后还会起来吗？ 投资消费行业，需要注意哪些？ 针对大家的这些疑问，螺丝钉也通过直播课，进行了讲解。 长按识别下面二维码，添加 @课程小助手 微信，回复「 0127 」即可观看直播回放。 （提示：回复后可以耐心等待几秒哦～） PS：直播内容仅为市场知识分享，不构成投资建议。 消费行业，长期表现较好 消费行业，跟投资者的日常生活密切相关，也是最知名的行业。 一般提到消费行业，会有两种：必需消费、可选消费。 （1）必需消费 （2）可选消费 是提高我们生活质量的消费品。 主要是汽车、家电、传媒娱乐等。 另外，消费行业和一些策略进行叠加，也可以组成新的指数。 比如，消费行业和红利策略进行叠加，组成了消费红利指数。 下面这张图，汇总了消费行业的常见指数，方便大家更加直观地了解消费行业的分类、具体情况等。 长期来看，消费行业的表现不错。 如下是11个一级行业从2004年年底以来的表现 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the explosive growth of AI applications in the market, with significant gains in related stocks and a notable increase in trading volume, marking a historical milestone for the A-share market [1][2][3]. - The Shanghai Composite Index has broken through the 4100-point mark, with the market experiencing a 16-day consecutive rise, a phenomenon not seen in the last decade [2][4]. - AI applications are expected to enter a "golden year" in 2026, driven by three key turning points: technological maturity, supportive policies, and resonating market demand [4]. Group 2 - The commercial aerospace sector remains active, with the launch of China's first offshore reusable rocket production base, which is expected to have an annual production capacity of 25 rockets [5]. - The prices of strategic metals such as tungsten, cobalt, and rare earths have been rising due to limited supply and increasing demand from sectors like new energy and semiconductors [5]. - The market is characterized by structural trends, with a focus on managing the rotation of investment hotspots as the market faces potential short-term volatility [5]. Group 3 - The Chinese stock market has entered a new development era, characterized by a rise in technological content and increased market valuations for tech companies [8][9]. - There has been a significant structural change in asset allocation, with more funds being directed towards the stock market in pursuit of higher returns [10][11]. - The central bank has implemented unprecedented measures to support the stock market, indicating a comprehensive approach to macro-prudential management that includes the stock market [12][15]. Group 4 - Foreign investment institutions are increasingly optimistic about A-shares, with Standard Chartered Bank recommending an overweight position in Chinese stocks due to expected policy stimulus and strong earnings growth related to AI themes [17][18]. - Goldman Sachs predicts a net inflow of $200 billion from southbound funds in 2026, alongside a potential reallocation of domestic assets that could inject an additional 3 trillion RMB into the stock market [17]. - The MSCI China Index and the CSI 300 Index are forecasted to rise by 20% and 12% respectively in 2026, driven by earnings growth rather than valuation expansion [17].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article discusses the performance and future outlook of the consumer industry, highlighting its historical cycles of bull and bear markets over the past 20 years [1][11][13]. - The consumer industry is categorized into two main segments: essential consumption and discretionary consumption [5][6][7]. - Essential consumption includes daily necessities such as food and beverages, while discretionary consumption encompasses items that enhance quality of life, like automobiles and entertainment [6][7]. Group 2 - The consumer industry has shown good long-term performance, with both essential and discretionary segments being considered excellent investment options [11]. - Over the past 20 years, the consumer industry has experienced four cycles of bull and bear markets, indicating its volatility [13]. - The consumer industry has been relatively sluggish this year, with A-share consumer indices showing only slight increases compared to the broader market [15][19]. Group 3 - The recent low performance in the consumer industry can be attributed to high valuations in 2021, followed by a correction phase, leading to a decline in both valuation and earnings growth [17][22]. - The current economic cycle reflects a basic characteristic of the economy, where low fundamentals lead to pessimism and declining valuations, while improving fundamentals can boost investor optimism and valuations [26]. - Investment in the consumer industry should focus on undervalued opportunities, with a recommendation to buy during low valuation periods and hold until high valuations are reached [30][31].